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Probiotic enhanced intestinal immunity in broilers against subclinical necrotic enteritis

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Probiotic enhanced intestinal immunity in broilers against s...

Regulatory mechanisms of microbial homeostasis in insect gut

中国畜牧兽医学会动物微生态学分会第五届第十三次全国学术研讨会

作者： Jinge Xin Hesong Wang Xueqin Ni Xiaodan Qing Lei Liu Jing Lai Abdul Khalique Guangyao Li Kangcheng Pan Bo Jing Dong Zeng Animal Microecology Institute College of VeterinarySichuan Agricultural University

Along with banning of antibiotics,necrotic enteritis(NE),especially subclinical NE(SNE) whereby no clinical signs are present in chicks,has become one of the most threatening problems in poultry ***,increasing attention has been focused on research and application of effective probiotic strains,as an alternative to antibiotics,to prevent SNE in *** the present study,we evaluated the effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 on prevention of SNE in ***,assessment determined growth performance and indexes related to intestinal mucosal immunity in the ileum and cecal tonsil of broilers.A total of 300 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were randomly distributed into the following five groups:control group(fed with basal diet + de Man,Rogosa,and Sharpe liquid medium[normal diet]),SNE group(normal diet),BS15 group(basal diet + 1 × 10 colony-forming units BS15/g as fed[BS15 diet]),treatment group(normal diet[days 1-28]+ BS15 diet[days 29-42]),and prevention group(BS15 diet[days 1-28]+ normal diet[days 29-42]) throughout a 42-day experimental *** infection was treated for all chicks in the SNE,BS15,treatment,and prevention *** present results demonstrated that BS15 supplementation of feeds in BS15 and prevention groups exerted a positive effect on preventing negative influences on growth performance;these negative influences included low body weight gain and increased feed conversion ratio caused by *** no changes were detected in all determined indexes in cecal tonsils,BS15-treated broilers were free from SNE-caused damage in villi in the ***15 inhibited SNE-caused decrease in immunoglobulins in the *** the lamina propria of ileum,T-cell subsets of lymphocytes influenced by SNE were also controlled by ***15 affected antioxidant abilities of the ileum and controlled SNE-induced mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis by positively changing contents and/or mRNA expression levels of apoptosis-related ***

关键词： Subclinical necrotic enteritis Lactobacillus johnsonii intestinal immunity probiotic broiler

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Insect Science 2021年第2期28卷 286-301页

作者： Shuai Bai Zhichao Yao Muhammad Fahim Raza Zhaohui Cai Hongyu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(MOE)China-Australia Joint Research Centre for Horticultural and Urban PestsInstitute of Urban and Horticultural EntomologyCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

Insects live in incredibly complex *** intestinal epithelium of insects is in constant contact with microorganisms,some of which are beneficial and some harmful to the *** gut health and function are maintained through multidimensional mechanisms that can proficiently remove foreign pathogenic microorganisms while effectively maintaining local symbiotic microbial *** basic immune mechanisms of the insect gut,such as the dual oxidase-reactive oxygen species(Duox-ROS)system and the immune deficiency(Imd)-signaling pathway,are involved in the maintenance of microbial *** paper reviews the role of physical defenses,the Duox-ROS and Imd signaling pathways,the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway,and intestinal symbiotic flora in the homeostatic maintenance of the insect gut microbiome.

关键词： Duox-ROS immune system gut microbiota immune deficiency signaling pathway insect intestinal immunity peritrophic matrix

A randomized double-blind trial on perioperative administration of probiotics in colorectal cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第2期16卷 167-175页

作者： Luca Gianotti Lorenzo Morelli Francesca Galbiati Simona Rocchetti Sara Coppola Aldo Beneduce Cristina Gilardini Daniela Zonenschain Angelo Nespoli Marco Braga Department of Surgery Milano-Bicocca University San Gerardo Hopsital Department of Microbiology Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore Department of Surgery San Raffaele University

AIM:To investigate whether probiotic bacteria,given perioperatively,might adhere to the colonic mucosa, reduce concentration of pathogens in stools,and modulate the local immune function. METHODS:A randomized,double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 31 subjects undergoing elective colorectal resection for *** were allocated to receive either a placebo(group A,n=10),or a dose of 10 7 of a mixture of Bifidobacterium longum(BB536) and Lactobacillus johnsonii(La1)(group B,n=11),or the same mixture at a concentration of 10 9 (group C,n=10).Probiotics,or a placebo,were given orally 2 doses/d for 3 d before *** same treatment continued postoperatively from day two to day four. Stools were collected before treatment,during surgery (day 0)and 5 d after *** the operation, colonic mucosa samples were harvested to evaluate bacterial adherence and to assess the phenotype of dendritic cells(DCs)and lymphocyte subsets by surface antigen expression(flow cytometry).The presence of BB536 and La1 was evaluated by the random amplified polymorphism DNA method with specific polymerase chain reaction probes. RESULTS:The three groups were balanced for baseline and surgical ***536 was never found at any time-points *** day 0,La1 was present in 6/10(60%)patients in either stools or by biopsy in group C,in 3/11(27.2%)in group B,and none in the placebo group(P=0.02,C vs A).There was a linear correlation between dose given and number of adher- ent La1(P=0.01).The rate of mucosal colonization by enterobacteriacae was 30%(3/10)in C,81.8%(9/11) in B and 70%(7/10)in A(P=0.03,C vs B).The Enterobacteriacae count in stools was 2.4(log10 scale) in C,4.6 in B,and 4.5 in A(P=0.07,C vs A and B). The same trend was observed for colonizing enterococ- ***1 was not found at day+*** observed greater expression of CD3,CD4,CD8,and naive and memory lymphocyte subsets in group C than in group A with a dose response trend(C>B>A).Treatment didnot affect DC

关键词： Probiotic Dendritic cell Microbiota Colon cancer Lymphocyte Surgery intestinal immunity

ILC3-derived OX40L is essential for homeostasis of intestinal Tregs in immunodeficient mice

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第2期17卷 163-177页

作者： Tian Deng Caixia Suo Jiali Chang Rui Yang Jingyu Li Ting Cai Ju Qiu CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(SJTUSM)&Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences(SIBS)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 200031China CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

OX40L is one of the co-stimulatory molecules that can be expressed by splenic lymphoid tissue inducer(Lti)cells,a subset of group 3 innate lymphoid cells(ILC3s).OX40L expression in subsets of intestinal ILC3s and the molecular regulation of OX40L expression in ILC3s are ***,we showed intestinal ILC3s marked as an OX40L high population among all the intestinal leukocytes and were the dominant source of OX40L in Rag1–/–*** ILC3 subsets expressed OX40L,and NCR–ILC3s were the most abundant source of *** expression of OX40L in ILC3s could be upregulated during *** addition to tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-like cytokine 1A(TL1A),which has been known as a trigger for OX40L,we found that Poly(I:C)representing viral stimulus promoted OX40L expression in ILC3s via a cell-autonomous ***,we demonstrated that IL-7-STAT5 signaling sustained OX40L expression by *** regulatory T cells(Tregs),most of which expressed OX40,had defective expansion in chimeric mice,in which ILC3s were specifically deficient for OX40L ***,co-localization of Tregs and ILC3s was found in the cryptopatches of the intestine,which suggests the close interaction between ILC3s and *** study has unveiled the crosstalk between Tregs and ILC3s in mucosal tissues through OX40–OX40L signaling,which is crucial for the homeostasis of intestinal Tregs.

关键词： Group 3 innate lymphoid cells OX40L Regulatory T cells intestinal immunity

Evaluation of the Mechanisms Underlying Amino Acid and Microbiota Interactions in intestinal Infections Using Germ-Free Animals

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第2期3卷 79-86页

作者： Yapeng Yang Peng Bin Shiyu Tao Guoqiang Zhu Zhifeng Wu Wei Cheng Wenkai Ren Hong Wei State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and AgriProduct Safety of Ministry of Education of ChinaCollege of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsuChina State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureNational Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine IndustryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition ControlCollege of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

intestinal infectious diseases refer to the inflammatory changes in the intestinal tract caused by pathogens(including bacteria,viruses,fungi,protozoa,or parasites)or their toxic products.A large number of microorganisms colonize the intestinal tract of healthy people,which together with the intestinal epithelium constitute the biological barrier of the intestinal tract to resist infectious *** an“invisible organ,”the intestinal flora is closely related to human nutrition metabolism and intestinal infections.A variety of intestinal flora participates in the nutritional metabolism of amino acids,and the small molecular substances produced by the amino acid metabolism through the intestinal flora can enhance intestinal immunity and resist bacterial *** turn,amino acids can also regulate the composition of the intestinal flora,maintain the steady-state of the intestinal flora,protect the intestinal barrier,and inhibit colonization by pathogenic *** a model animal with a clear microbial background,germ-free(GF)animals can clarify the mechanisms of interactions between intestinal microbes and amino acid metabolism in intestinal infections by combining genetic engineering technology and multi-omics *** article reviews related researches on the involvement of intestinal microbes in host amino acid metabolism and resistance to intestinal infections and discusses the advantages of GF animal models for studying the underlying *** GF animal model is helpful to further study the intervention effects of amino acid metabolism of targeted intestinal flora on intestinal infections.

关键词： germ-free animal intestinal barrier intestinal flora intestinal immunity intestinal infection metabolism of amino acids