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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 2006年第1期17卷 20-29页

作者：郑洲缪锦来陈豪张波涛李光友 Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-active Substances First Institute of Oceanorgarphy State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The changes of plasmalemma permeability and some primary inorganic ions of Antarctic ice microalgae （ Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L） in the low-temperature stress were examined. The plasmalemma of 1CE-L could maintain the stability at the freezing condition of -6 ℃. That signifies that it could maintain the proper function of plasmalemma and stability of the intracellular environment during sea ice formation. The function of inorganic ions on low-temperature adaptation of ICE-L was investigated by using the X-ray microanalysis method. Low temperature （0 - -6 ℃ ） induces Ca^2 ＋ concentration increment of cytoplasm, but after 24 h the content decrease quickly to normal value. As a matter of fact, Ca^2 ＋ plays an important role as the second messenger in the low temperature adaptation of ICE-L. In addition, low temperature also influences on the other primary inorganic ions transfer and the cell maintains activity by keeping ratio balance among different ions. Above all, it is necessary for Antarctic ice microalgae to survive and breed by maintaining the stability of K^ ＋ content and the balance of Na^ ＋/Cl^ -.

关键词： Antarctic ice microalga X-ray microanalysis inorganic ions low-temperature adaptation.

亲水作用色谱柱与阳离子交换树脂柱结合分离无机离子(英文)

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色谱 2012年第4期30卷 404-408页

作者： Kaori ARAI Masanobu MORI Takahiro HIRONAGA Hideyuki ITABASHI Kazuhiko TANAKA Graduate School of Engineering Gunma University Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University

A combination of hydrophilic interaction chromatographic(HILIC) column and a weakly acidic cation-exchange resin(WCX) column was used for simultaneous separation of inorganic anions and cations by ion chromatography(IC).Firstly,the capability of HILIC column for the separation of analyte ions was evaluated under acidic eluent *** columns used were SeQuant ZIC-HILIC(ZIC-HILIC) with a sulfobetaine-zwitterion stationary phase(ZIC-HILIC) and Acclaim HILIC-10 with a diol stationary phase(HILIC-10).When using tartaric acid as the eluent,the HILIC columns indicated strong retentions for anions,based on ion-pair ***,HILIC-10 could strongly retain anions compared with *** selectivity for analyte anions of HILIC-10 with 5 mmol/L tartaric acid eluent was in the order of I-> NO-3 > Br-> Cl-> ***,since HILIC-10 could not separate analyte cations,a WCX column(TSKgel Super IC-A/C) was connected after the HILIC column in *** combination column system of HILIC and WCX columns could successfully separate ten ions(Na+,NH+4,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+,H2PO-4,Cl-,Br-,NO-3 and I-) with elution of 4 mmol/L tartaric acid plus 8 mmol/L *** relative standard deviations(RSDs) of analyte ions by the system were in the ranges of 0.02%-0.05% in retention times and 0.18%-5.3% in peak areas through three-time successive *** limits of detection at signal-to-noise ratio of 3 were 0.24-0.30 μmol/L for the cations and 0.31-1.2 μmol/L for the *** system was applied for the simultaneous determination of the cations and the anions in a vegetable juice sample with satisfactory results.

关键词： ion chromatography(IC) hydrophilic interaction chromatography(HILIC) cation-exchange inorganic ions vegetable sample

Chemical characteristics of haze particles in Xi＇an during Chinese Spring Festival： Impact of fireworks burning

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 179-187页

作者： Can Wu Gehui Wang Jiayuan Wang Jianjun Li Yanqin Ren Lu Zhang Cong Cao Jin Li Shuagshuang Ge Yuning Xie Xinpei Wang Guoyan Xue State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi' an 710061 China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 210062 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijin9 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Fireworks burning releases massive fine particles and gaseous pollutants, significantly deteriorating air quality during Chinese Lunar New Year （LNY） period. To investigate the impact of the fireworks burning on the atmospheric aerosol chemistry, 1-hr time resolution of PM2.5 samples in Xi＇an during the winter of 2016 including the LNY were collected and detected for inorganic ions, acidity and liquid water content （LWC） of the fine aerosols. PM2.5 during the LNY was 167 ± 87 μg/m^3, two times higher than the China National Ambient Air Quality Standard （75 μg/m^3）. K^＋（28 wt.% of the total ion mass） was the most abundant ion in the LNY period, followed by SO^2-4 （25 wt.%） and C1^- （18 wt.%）. In contrast, NO^-3 （34 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the haze periods （hourly PM2.5 〉 75 μg/m^3）, followed by SO^2-4 （29.2 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （16.3 wt.%）, while SC94 （35 wt.%） was the most abundant species in the clean periods （hourly PM2.5 〈 75 μg/m^3）, followed by NO^-3 （23.1 wt.%） and NH^＋4 （11 wt.%）. Being different from the acidic nature in the non-LNY periods, aerosol in the LNY period presented an alkaline nature with a pH value of 7.8 ± 1.3. LWC during the LNY period showed a robust linear correlation with K2SO4 and KC1, suggesting that aerosol hygroscopicity was dominated by inorganic salts derived from fireworks burning. Analysis of correlations between the ratios of NO^-3/SO^2-4 and NH^＋4/SO^2-4 indicated that heterogeneous reaction of HNO3 with NH3 was an important formation pathway of particulate nitrate and ammonium during the LNY period.

关键词： inorganic ions Aerosol acidity Liquid water content Composition and source Nitrate formation

Highly efficient cobalt-based amorphous catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation toward wastewater remediation

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Rare Metals 2023年第4期42卷 1160-1174页

作者： Xue-Chun Zhou Shuang-Qin Chen Ming-Jie Zhou Mai Li Si Lan Tao Feng School of Materials Science and Engineering Herbert Gleiter Institute of NanoscienceNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China School of Material Science and Engineering Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing211167China

Metallic glasses(MGs)are rising novae in the catalytic field,due to their unique amorphous structure,large residual stress,and high density of low coordination ***,there is still an absence of suitable MGs'catalysts for advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)with peroxymonosulfate(PMS),the most efficient and promising wastewater remediation ***,the cobalt-based MG(Co-MG)with a nominal composition of Co_(67)Fe_(4)-Mo_(1.5)Si_(16.5)B_(11)(at%)was utilized as an activator of PMS for azo dye *** results demonstrated that the CoMG/PMS system had an order of magnitude higher efficiency on OrangeⅡ(OII)degradation than the Fe-MG/PMS *** fundamental study and field application,the effect of adding inorganic anions(Cl^(-),HCO_(3)^(-),H_(2)PO_(4)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-)),environmental factors,and cycle experiments on the catalytic properties of Co-MG were investigated emphatically to evaluate overall degradation *** has demonstrated that the Co-MG with more stability,better corrosion resistance and durability contrasted to *** addition,the excellent catalytic performance of Co-MG was analyzed based on the quenched experiment,electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** present results provide not only a new candidate but also shed light on exploring a new kind of AOPs system based on Co-MGs for wastewater treatment.

关键词： Co-based metallic glass ribbons inorganic ions Stability Advanced oxidation process Peroxymonosulfate Azo dyes

Composition, source, mass closure of PM_(2.5) aerosols for four forests in eastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第3期22卷 405-412页

作者： Li Li Wu Wang Jialiang Feng Dongping Zhang Huaijian Li Zeping Gu Bangjin Wang Guoying Sheng Jiamo Fu Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China. College of Resources and Environment Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

PM2.5 aerosols were collected in forests along north latitude in boreal-temperate, temperate, subtropical and tropical climatic zones in eastern China, i.e., Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve （CB）, Dongping National Forest Park in Chongming Island （CM）, Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve （DH）, Jianfengling Nature Reserve in Hainan Island （HN）. The mass concentrations of PM2.5, organic carbon （OC）, elemental carbon （EC）, water soluble organic carbon （WSOC） as well as concentrations of ten inorganic ions （F？, Cl？, NO3？, SO42？, C2O42？, NH4＋, Na＋, K＋, Ca2＋, Mg2＋） were determined. Aerosol chemical mass closures were achieved. The 24-hr average concentrations of PM2.5 were 38.8, 89.2, 30.4, 18 μg/m3 at CB, CM, DH and HN, respectively. Organic matter and EC accounted for 21%–33% and 1.3%–2.3% of PM2.5 mass, respectively. The sum of three dominant secondary ions （SO42-, NO3-, NH4＋） accounted for 44%, 50%, 45% and 16% of local PM2.5 mass at CB, CM, DH and HN, respectively. WSOC comprised 35%–65% of OC. The sources of PM2.5 include especially important regional anthropogenic pollutions at Chinese forest areas.

关键词： PM2.5 aerosols forests OC/EC WSOC inorganic ions

Response of Two Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)Cultivars Differing in Tolerance to Salt Treatment

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 515-524页

作者： LONG Xiao-Hua HUANG Zeng-Rong HUANG Yu-Ling KANG Jian ZHANG Zhen-Hua LIU Zhao-Pu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China） Soil Science and Plant Nutrition School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia 35 StirlingHighway Crawley WA 6009 （Australia）

To explore genetic variability for two Jerusalem artichoke cultivated with 75% seawater irrigation for six years） and N7 （Helianthus tuberosus） cultivars, N1 （the sixth-generation （a general variety）, a experiment was conducted to study the changes in physiological attributes under different concentrations （0%, 10% and 25% of seawater concentration in greenhouse and 0%, 30% and 50% of seawater concentration in the field） of seawater salinity stress. In the greenhouse experiment, decreases of dry growth rate, but increases of dry matter percentage and membrane injury occurred in both the genotypes at 10% and 25% seawater treatments, although lesser cell membrane damage was observed in N1 than N7. N1 accumulated greater contents of Na^＋, Cl^-, soluble sugar and proline in leaves compared with NT. In the field experiment, the yields of shoot, root and tuber, and the contents of total-sugar and inulin in tubers of N1 were higher than those of N7. Lesser degree of salt injury in N1 indicated that the relatively salt-tolerant cultivar had higher K^＋/Na^＋ ratio, lower Na^＋/Ca^2＋ ratio, and the salt-induced enhancement of osmotic adjustment.

关键词： cell membrane stability genetic variabilities inorganic ions malondialdehyde seawater salinity stress

Characteristics of chemical components in PM2.5 at a plateau city, South-west China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 97-105页

作者： Jianwu SHI Xiang DING Yue ZHOU Ran YOU Lu HUANG Jiming HAO Feng XIANG Jian YANG Ze SHI Xinyu HAN Ping NING Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Yunnan Environmental Monitoring Center Kunming 650000 China Kunming Environmental Monitoring Center Kunming 650228 China

A sampling campaign including summer, autumn and winter of 2014 and spring of 2015 was accomplished to obtain the characteristic of chemical components in PM2.5 at three sites ofKunming, a plateau city in South-west China. Nine kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions （WSI）, organic and element carbon （OC and EC） in PM2.5 were analyzed by ion chromatography and thermal optical reflectance method, respectively. Results showed that the average concentrations of total WSI, OC and EC were 22.85±10.95 μg.m -3, 17.83±9.57 μg.m-3 and 5.114-4.29 μg.m-3, respectively. They totally accounted for 53.0% of PM2.5. Secondary organic and inorganic aerosols （SOA and SIA） were also assessed by the minimum ratio of OC/EC, nitrogen and sulfur oxidation ratios. The annual average concentrations of SOA and SIA totally accounted for 28.3% of the PM2.5 concentration. The low proportion suggested the primary emission was the main source of PM2.5 in Kunming. However, secondary pollution in the plateau city should also not be ignorable, due to the appropriate temperature and strong solar radiation, which can promote the atmospheric photochemical reactions.

关键词： PM2.5 Plateau city Organic carbon Element carbon inorganic ions Secondary components

Temporal variations in geochemistry of hydraulic fracturing fluid and flowback water in a tight oil reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 3013-3021页

作者： Jie Tian Liang Wang Li-Pin Ni Li-Wei Mou Shu-Te Su Mehdi Ostadhassan College of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina Geological Research Institute CNPC LoggingXi'an710000ShaanxiChina Exploration and Development Research Institute Xinjiang Oilfield BranchPetroChinaKaramay834000XinjiangChina Institute of Geosciences Marine and Land Geomechanics and GeotectonicsChristian-Albrechts Universit€atKiel24118Germany

Hydraulic fracturing facilitates the development and exploitation of unconventional *** this study,the injected hydraulic fracturing fluid(HFF)and flowback and produced water(FPW)in tight oil reservoirs of the Lucaogou Formation in the Junggar Basin are temporally sampled from day 1 to day *** is used for fracturing,and HFF is *** chemical and isotopic parameters(including the water type,total salinity,total dissolved solids(TDS),pH,concentrations of Na^(+),Cl^(-),Ba^(+),K^(+),Fe^(2+)+Fe^(3+),and CO_(3)^(2-),dD,and δ^(18)O)are experimentally obtained,and their variations with time are systematically analyzed based on the flowback *** results show that the water type,Na/Cl ratio,total salinity,and TDS of the FPW change periodically primarily due to the HFF mixing with formation water,thus causing δD and δ^(18)O to deviate from the meteoric water line of *** of watererock interaction(WRI),the concentrations of Fe^(2+)+Fe^(3+)and CO_(3)^(2-)of the FPW increase over time,with the solution pH becoming more ***,based on the significant changes observed in the geochemistry of the FPW,three separate time intervals of flowback time are identified:Stage Ⅰ(ions and isotopes are mainly caused by the WRI;Stage Ⅱ(10-37 days),where the FPW is dominated by the addition of formation water to the HFF and the WRI is weakened;and finally,Stage Ⅲ(>37 days),where the FPW is dominated by the chemistry of the formation *** methodology implemented in this study can provide critical support for the source identification of formation water.

关键词： Tight oil reservoirs Isotope Flowback and produced water(FPW) inorganic ions Hydraulic fracturing fluid(HFF)

Effects of Fe3+ and Ca2+ on sorption of phenanthrene by Humin in karst soil,Southwest China

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 125-135页

作者： Xianjin An Wei Li Xinyue Di Jiacheng Lan School of Karst Science Guizhou Normal University550001 GuiyangChina State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertifi cation Control 550001 GuiyangChina Guiyang University 550005 GuiyangChina School of Geography and Environmental Engineering Gannan Normal University341000 GanzhouChina

Humin(HM) is the main organic matter component to af fect the migration and transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil. The study on infl uence of the morphology change of inorganic ions on the adsorption of PAHs in soil and its organic matter is still rare at microscopic scale. In this paper, yellow soil humin(YS-HM) and lime soil humin(LS-HM) were chosen as samples, then Fe^(3+) and Ca^(2+) were added into samples to facilitate the precipitation by changing the existing conditions of ions, and the mechanism by which inorganic precipitation changed adsorption capacity of karst soil was analyzed from the microscopic scale. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of HM reduced with the inorganic precipitation increasing. The precipitation of Ca^(2+)and Fe^(3+) both reduced the adsorption capacity of YS-HM and LS-HM by 61.71% and 71.83% on average, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS) and pore analysis showed that the HM porosity decreased after formation of Ca^(2+) and Fe^(3+) precipitation. According to the value of Freundlich parameter n, it may be because the precipitation or colloid of Ca^(2+) and Fe^(3+) fi lled micropores and covers high-energy adsorption sites of the HM. This research provides theoretical support for studying the PAHs migration and bioavailability of Calcium-rich in karst soil.

关键词： inorganic ions Humin Phenanthrene Adsorption Soil Karst

Alkaloid Accumulation in Catharanthus roseus Increases with Addition of Seawater Salts to the Nutrient Solution

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 718-724页

作者： WANG Jing-Yan and LIU Zhao-Pu College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095 (China) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China)

A sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different seawater (5% and 10%) treatments on plant growth,inorganic ions,indole alkaloid concentrations and yields of Catharanthus roseus,in an effort to increase the alkaloid yield by artificial *** total fresh and dry weights and tissue K + concentrations decreased,but Na + concentrations increased in the plant roots,stems and leaves of *** under seawater stress as compared to the *** concentrations and yields of vindoline,catharanthine,vinblastine and vincristine increased under seawater *** concentrations and yields of these alkaloids were higher in 5% seawater-treated plants than those in the 10% seawater-treated *** the industrial production,5% seawater treatments could reduce the cost of producing *** the control plants,the highest alkaloid concentrations reached a peak at 100 days after planting,suggesting that plant harvest must be optimized in terms of growth duration.

关键词： indole alkaloid inorganic ions plant growth seawater irrigation seawater stress