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innovations in otorhinolaryngology in the age of COVID-19: A systematic literature review

World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第3期8卷 224-238页

作者： E.Berryhill McCarty Liuba Soldatova Jason A.Brant Jason G.Newman Perelman School of Medicine at the Universityof Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Universityof Pennsylvania Health SystemPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaPAUSA

Objective: Otolaryngologists are at increased occupational risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection due to exposure from respiratory droplets and aerosols generated during otologic, nasal, and oropharyngeal examinations and procedures. There have been a variety of guidelines and precautions developed to help mitigate this risk. While many reviews have focused on the personal protective equipment (PPE) and preparation guidelines for surgery in the COVID-19 era, none have focused on the more creative and unusual solutions designed to limit viral transmission. This review aims to fill that need.Data Sources: PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and ScopusMethods: A comprehensive review of literature was performed on September 28, 2020 using PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Scopus databases. All English-language studies were included if they proposed or assessed novel interventions developed for Otolaryngology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.Results: A total of 41 papers met inclusion criteria and were organized into 5 categories ("General Recommendations for Otolaryngologic Surgery’, "Equipment Shortage Solutions’, "Airway Procedures’, "Nasal Endoscopy and Skull Base Procedures’, and "Otologic Procedures’). Articles were summarized, highlighting the innovations created and evaluated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Creative solutions such as application of topical viricidal agents, make-shift mask filters, three-dimensional (3-D) printable adapters for headlights, aerosol containing separation boxes, and a variety of new draping techniques have been developed to limit the risk of COVID-19 transmission.Conclusions: Persistent risk of COVID-19 exposure remains high. Thus, there is an increased need for solutions that mitigate the risk of viral transmission during office procedures and surgeries, especially given that most COVID-19 positive patients present asymptomatically. This review examines and organizes creative so

关键词： COVID-19 innovations Inventions Literature Review Otolaryngology

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innovations in the Implementation of Polio Surveillance Enhancement Plan in Oyo State, Nigeria: Key Benefits, Lessons Learned, Challenges and Opportunities

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Health 2022年第4期14卷 442-455页

作者： Enya Bassey Bassey Walter Kazadi Mulomb Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Khedr Rosemary Ifeoma Onyibe Olufunmilola Olawumi Kolude Oluwadare Marcus Oluwabukola Alawale Oluwatobi Adeoluwa Iyanda Omotunde Ogunlaja Taiwo Olabode Ladipo Maxwell Obeka Adeniyi Ayobami Adeniran Oluyinka Motunrayo Dania Olabumuyi Olubumi Olayide Oluwaseun Opeyemi Oni Moshood Babatunde Busari Faith Ehiaghe Ugba Ayobami Desmond Olatimehin Gbenga Stanley Olayinka Abayomi Oluwasegun Ayinde Chinwe Grace Azuka Olufemi Toheeb Okuneye Ahmed Bello World Health Organization (WHO) Nigeria Country Office Abuja Nigeria Oyo State Emergency Operation Center Ministry of Health Ibadan Nigeria

Background: Nigeria attained the milestone of being certified wild poliovirus free in the year 2020. However, a drop in the key performance indicators of polio surveillance system was across various Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Oyo State. This drop highlighted the need for an innovative way of enhancing polio surveillance in Oyo State. Methods: This study was conducted in four phases and each phase utilized a cross-sectional study design and purposive sampling technique to select eligible LGAs and participants. LGAs that met at least two of the set-out criteria (had not reported at least a case of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) 12 months preceding the survey, with decline in AFP case detection rate, had not met AFP key indicators, are densely populated, and has an international border) were selected. A concurrent mixed method of data collection was utilized, and quantitative data were collected with a semi-structured questionnaire administered using Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) during community active case search, health facility retroactive case search (HFRACS). Qualitative data collection was done through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Surveillance intensification activities were conducted over eight weeks period. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel Software;summarization was done using frequencies and percentages while presentation was done using charts and spot maps. Results: A total of 1277, 49, 259 and 632 settlements, households and health facilities respectively were visited across 24 (73%) LGAs in Oyo State. Of the 150 suspected AFP cases identified, 45 (30%) were rejected cases, 33 (22%) were missed cases and 72 (48%) were true AFP cases. Non-Polio AFP Rate (NP-AFP rate) increased from 2.7 to 6.9 (P Conclusions: Innovative strategies implemented in AFP surveillance across Oyo State have resulted in improvement in AFP surveillance performance indicators in the State. There is therefore the need for dynamic and innovative ways of conducting AFP surveillance to prevent poliomyelitis

关键词： Polio-Surveillance-Indicators Enhancement-Plan innovations AFP-Case-Search

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Cardiovascular innovations and Applications

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Cardiovascular innovations and Applications 2022年第1期 I0007-I0010页

Instructions for Authors Journal Publication Policy Cardiovascular innovations and Applications(CVIA)supports the ethical principles set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics(COPE).All journal stakeholders and authors are required to observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by COPE and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE).

关键词： journal innovations Publication

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Cardiovascular innovations and Applications

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Cardiovascular innovations and Applications 2022年第2期6卷 I0006-I0009页

关键词： journal innovations Publication

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Advances in gastric cancer research will light the way to control this cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2022年第6期34卷 575-578页

作者： Paulo Pimentel de Assumpcao Rommel Rodrigues Burbano Universidade Federal do Para Nucleo de Pesquisas em OncologiaBelem-Para-Brasil 66075-110Brazil Hospital Ophir Loyola Laboratorio de Biologia MoleculaBelém-Para-Brasil 66063-240Brazil

Gastric adenocarcinoma(GC)is one of the most heterogeneous cancers,posing challenges to wide applications of the discoveries when compared to other cancers.Nevertheless,the benefits of research in the fight against GC are extraordinary,and even taking in mind the immense complexity of this disease,optimism is a great message to take home.Recent advances in GC research will pave the way for GC effective control,helping to save lives,together with permitting sustainable real-life support for those needing complex and high-expense interventions.

关键词： Gastric cancer research innovations

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innovations in Value-Addition of Agricultural By-Products in Uganda

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第11期10卷 1493-1506页

作者： Denis Nsubuga Noble Banadda Nicholas Kiggundu Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering 1340 Elings Hall Ames Iowa USA

The purpose of this review was to profile the existing innovations in the value addition of agricultural by-products and suggest innovations that could yield more value-added products from the available agricultural by-products in Uganda. These by-products were from crops, livestock, fish and forestry sub-sectors. The review indicated 7.8 million tons from the crops’ subsector, 6.69 million skins and hides, 2280 million tons of cow dung and 390,550 tons of chicken dung from the livestock subsector, 36,000 tons from the fish subsector and 440,000 m3 of sawdust and offcuts from the forestry sub-sector. Current innovations in value-addition of agricultural by-products included the making of briquettes, organic fertilizers, biogas, biochar, pellets and organic pesticides from the crop subsector. Cow dung from the livestock is used for plastering walls of houses, used as fertilizer and used for the production of biogas. Chicken droppings are as well used as fertilizer and for production of biogas. Fish frames and skins are mainly consumed in smoked form whereas trimmings are usually rolled into fish balls and then fried for people to eat while the fats are used for frying the fish balls. Sawdust has been mixed with cement to make wood-cement composite bricks that reduce the overall weight of the building. It is also being used as feed in the Indigenous Micro-Organisms (IMO) technology in the production of pigs. Proposed innovations include the use of bones to produce soft tissue, buttons, knife handles and bone meal. Blood can be used in making adhesives and fertilizers while fish oil is a major dietary source of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and so can be utilized to enrich different food products.

关键词： Value Addition Agricultural Waste By-Products innovations in Agriculture Agricultural Value Chains

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ICT-based agricultural advisory services and nitrogen management practices:A case study of wheat production in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第6期21卷 1799-1811页

作者： DING Ji-ping LI Jing-han LIU Jia-huan ZHANG Wei-feng JIA Xiang-ping College of Economics&Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Knowledge Technology and Innovation Group Wageningen UniversityWageningen 6706KNThe Netherlands College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094P.R.China Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer in China and its adverse effects on agricultural production have been a national and global concern.In addition to massive public initiatives to promote sustainable farm practices,grass-rooted innovations are emerging in the niche,many of which take the forms of information and communication technologies(ICT)and digital services.This study examines the effects of ICT-based extension services provided by an entrepreneurial startup on adopting sustainable farming practices.We found no significant reduction in N-fertilizer use for wheat production.But the ICT-based services promoted farmers to adapt N-fertilizer use towards site-specific management.The business model of the entrepreneurial venture faces great challenges in becoming participatory and financially sustainable.

关键词： venture capital innovations precision farming private-public partnerships nitrogen management

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innovations and Revolutions in Indian Agriculture: A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2018年第8期8卷 473-482页

作者： Ashok Gulati Ritika Juneja Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) 110003 New Delhi India

With a population of 1.35 billion to feed in 2018, innovations in Indian agriculture all along the value chains are critical to develop sustainable, productive and profitable agriculture. In this brief paper, focus is laid on innovations in various production technologies, farming practices, policies and institutional engineering that had significant impact in raising production and have been termed as revolutionary. For instance, Green Revolution is identified with significant changes in production of wheat and rice;White Revolution in milk;Blue Revolution in fisheries;Red Revolution in poultry meat and eggs;Golden Revolution in fruits and vegetables;Gene Revolution in cotton. The paper not only looks at these innovations and their impact in the past, but also peeps into innovations that are currently unfolding in other inputs in production processes such as in water use (irrigation), fertilizers usage, maintaining soil health, using farm machinery optimally in a small holder dominated agriculture. The key message of this paper is what can be achieved with small holders when innovations that are science based and are backed by right policies, are adopted.

关键词： Indian agriculture innovations revolutionary small holders.

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Endoscopic innovations to increase the adenoma detection rate during colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2200-2211页

作者： Vincent K Dik Leon MG Moons Peter D Siersema Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Center Utrecht 3508 GA Utrecht the Netherlands

Up to a quarter of polyps and adenomas are missed during colonoscopy due to poor visualization behind folds and the inner curves of flexures,and the presence of flat lesions that are difficult to detect.These numbers may however be conservative because they mainly come from back-to-back studies performed with standard colonoscopes,which are unable to visualize the entire mucosal surface.In the past several years,new endoscopic techniques have been introduced to improve the detection of polyps and adenomas.The introduction of high definition colonoscopes and visual image enhancement technologies have been suggested to lead to better recognition of flat and small lesions,but the absolute increase in diagnostic yield seems limited.Cap assisted colonoscopy and water-exchange colonoscopy are methods to facilitate cecal intubation and increase patients comfort,but show only a marginal or no benefit on polyp and adenoma detection.Retroflexion is routinely used in the rectum for the inspection of the dentate line,but withdrawal in retroflexion in the colon is in general not recommended due to the risk of perforation.In contrast,colonoscopy with the Third-Eye Retroscope?may result in considerable lower miss rates compared to standard colonoscopy,but this technique is not practical in case of polypectomy and is more time consuming.The recently introduced Full Spectrum Endoscopy?colonoscopes maintains the technical capabilities of standard colonoscopes and provides a much wider view of 330 degrees compared to the 170 degrees with standard colonoscopes.Remarkable lower adenoma miss rates with this new technique were recently demonstrated in the first randomized study.Nonetheless,more studies are required to determine the exact additional diagnostic yield in clinical practice.Optimizing the efficacy of colorectal cancer screening and surveillance requires high definition colonoscopes with improved virtual chromoendoscopy technology that visualize the whole colon mucosa while maintaining optimal washing,suction and therapeutic

关键词： Colonoscopy Endoscopic innovations Adenoma detecti

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Laparoscopic colorectal surgery:current status andimplementation of the latest technological innovations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第2期22卷 704-717页

作者： Marta Pascual Silvia Salvans Miguel Pera Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery Department of SurgeryHospital del MarMedical Research Institute08003 BarcelonaSpain

The introduction of laparoscopy is an example of surgical innovation with a rapid implementation in many areas of surgery. A large number of controlled studiesand meta-analyses have shown that laparoscopic colorectal surgery is associated with the same benefits than other minimally invasive procedures, including lesser pain, earlier recovery of bowel transit and shorter hospital stay. On the other hand, despite initial concerns about oncological safety, well-designed prospective randomized multicentre trials have demonstrated that oncological outcomes of laparoscopy and open surgery are similar. Although the use of laparoscopy in colorectal surgery has increased in recent years, the percentages of patients treated with surgery using minimally invasive techniques are still reduced and there are also substantial differences among centres. It has been argued that the limiting factor for the use of laparoscopic procedures is the number of surgeons with adequate skills to perform a laparoscopic colectomy rather than the tumour of patients' characteristics. In this regard, future efforts to increase the use of laparoscopic techniques in colorectal surgery will necessarily require more efforts in teaching surgeons. We here present a review of recent controversies of the use of laparoscopy in colorectal surgery, such as in rectal cancer operations, the possibility of reproducing complete mesocolon excision, and the benefits of intracorporeal anastomosis after right hemicolectomy. We also describe the results of latest innovations such as single incision laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for colon and rectal diseases.

关键词： Laparoscopy Inflammatory bowel disease Surgical innovations Colorectal cancer Single incisionlaparoscopic surgery Robotic surgery Natural orificetransluminal endoscopic surgery

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