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infrared avalanche photodiodes from bulk to 2D materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第10期12卷 2027-2052页

作者： Piotr Martyniuk Peng Wang Antoni Rogalski Yue Gu Ruiqi Jiang Fang Wang Weida Hu Institute of Applied Physics Military University of Technology2 Kaliskiego Street00-908WarsawPoland State Key Laboratory of infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences500 Yu-Tian RoadShanghaiChina

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have drawn huge interest in recent years and have been extensively used in a range of fields including the most important one—optical communication systems due to their time responses and high sensitivities. This article shows the evolution and the recent development of A^(Ⅲ)B^(Ⅴ), A^(Ⅱ)B^(Ⅵ), and potential alternatives to formerly mentioned—“third wave” superlattices (SL) and two-dimensional (2D) materials infrared (IR) APDs. In the beginning, the APDs fundamental operating principle is demonstrated together with progress in architecture. It is shown that the APDs evolution has moved the device’s performance towards higher bandwidths, lower noise, and higher gain-bandwidth products. The material properties to reach both high gain and low excess noise for devices operating in different wavelength ranges were also considered showing the future progress and the research direction. More attention was paid to advances in A^(Ⅲ)B^(Ⅴ) APDs, such as AlInAsSb, which may be used in future optical communications, type-Ⅱ superlattice (T2SLs, “Ga-based” and “Ga-free”), and 2D materials-based IR APDs. The latter—atomically thin 2D materials exhibit huge potential in APDs and could be considered as an alternative material to the well-known, sophisticated, and developed A^(Ⅲ)B^(Ⅴ) APD technologies to include single-photon detection mode. That is related to the fact that conventional bulk materials APDs’ performance is restricted by reasonably high dark currents. One approach to resolve that problem seems to be implementing low-dimensional materials and structures as the APDs’ active regions. The Schottky barrier and atomic level thicknesses lead to the 2D APD dark current significant suppression. What is more, APDs can operate within visible (VIS), near-infrared (NIR)/mid-wavelength infrared range (MWIR), with a responsivity ~80 A/W, external quantum efficiency ~24.8%, gain ~10^(5) for MWIR [wavelength, λ = 4 μm, temperature, T = 10–180 K, Black Phosphorous (BP)/InSe APD]. It is believed that the 2D

关键词： infrared noise mentioned

infrared chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption in silicon-based cameras

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 813-822页

作者： David Knez Adam M.Hanninen Richard C.Prince Eric O.Potma Dmitry A.Fishman Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA

Chemical imaging based on mid-infrared(MIR)spectroscopic contrast is an important technique with a myriad of applications,including biomedical imaging and environmental monitoring.Current MIR cameras,however,lack performance and are much less affordable than mature Si-based devices,which operate in the visible and nearinfrared regions.Here,we demonstrate fast MIR chemical imaging through non-degenerate two-photon absorption(NTA)in a standard Si-based charge-coupled device(CCD).We show that wide-field MIR images can be obtained at 100 ms exposure times using picosecond pulse energies of only a few femtojoules per pixel through NTA directly on the CCD chip.Because this on-chip approach does not rely on phase matching,it is alignment-free and does not necessitate complex postprocessing of the images.We emphasize the utility of this technique through chemically selective MIR imaging of polymers and biological samples,including MIR videos of moving targets,physical processes and live nematodes.

关键词： absorption infrared chemical

Correction to: Ni Flower/MXene-Melamine Foam Derived 3D Magnetic/Conductive Networks for Ultra-Efficient Microwave Absorption and infrared Stealth

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第7期14卷 177-178页

作者： Haoran Cheng Yamin Pan Xin Wang Chuntai Liu Changyu Shen Dirk W.Schubert Zhanhu Guo Xianhu Liu Key Laboratory of Advanced Material Processing&Mold(Ministry of Education) National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002People’s Republic of China Institute of Polymer Materials Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NurembergMartensstr.791058 ErlangenGermany Integrated Composites Laboratory(ICL) Department of Chemical&Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

The original version of this article unfortunately contained some mistakes.The corrections are updated as follows:Error 1:We found that Equations 3,4 and 6 were wrong in the published paper:Error 2:In the page 7,“Since N Ni/MXene-MF possessed numer-ous heterogeneous interfaces and abundant functional groups,the dielectric loss mechanism was explored.”

关键词： infrared correction dielectric

Low infrared Emissivity and Strong Stealth of Ti-Based MXenes

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 147-153页

作者： Xinliang Li Minghang Li Xin Li Xiaomeng Fan Chunyi Zhi Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong 999077China Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072China

Advanced scenario-adaptable infrared(IR)stealth materials are crucial for creating localized closed thermal environments.Low emissivity over the broadest possible band is expected,as is superior mechanical deformability.Herein,we report a series of Ti-based MXenes with naturally low emissivity as ideal IR shielding materials.Over a wavelength ranging from 2.5 to 25μm,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X) film delivers an average emissivity of 0.057 with the lowest point of 0.042.Such a low emissivity coupled with outstanding structural shaping capability is beyond the current grasp.The reflection-dominated mechanism is dissected.Also,some intriguing scenarios of IR stealth for wearable electronic devices and skin thermal control are demonstrated.This finding lights an encouraging path toward next-generation IR shielding by the expanding MXene family.

关键词： wear infrared Strong

Intense Two-Octave Ultraviolet-Visible-infrared Supercontinuum Laser via High-Efficiency One-Octave Second-Harmonic Generation

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Research 2022年第4期2022卷 179-187页

作者： Mingzhou Li Lihong Hong Zhi-Yuan Li School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Intense ultrabroadband laser source of high pulse energy has attracted more and more attention in physics,chemistry,biology,material science,and other disciplines.We report design and realization of a chirped periodically poled lithium niobate nonlinear crystal that supports ultrabroadband second-harmonic generation covering 350-850 nm by implementing simultaneously up to 12 orders of quasiphase matching against ultrabroadband pump laser covering 700-1700 nm with an average high conversion efficiency of about 25.8%.We obtain a flat supercontinuum spectrum with a 10 dB bandwidth covering more than one octave(about 375-1200 nm)and 20 dB bandwidth covering more than two octaves(about 350-1500 nm)in the ultraviolet-visible-infrared regime and having intense energy as 0.17 mJ per pulse through synergic action of second-order and third-order nonlinearity under pump of 0.48 mJ per pulse Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser.This scheme would provide a promising method for the construction of supercontinuum laser source with extremely broad bandwidth,large pulse energy,and high peak power for a variety of basic science and high technology applications.

关键词： pump Efficiency infrared

A Review of Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy Studies of Motor and Cognitive Function in Preterm Infants

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第3期36卷 321-329页

作者： Quan Wang Guang-Pu Zhu Li Yi Xin-Xin Cui Hui Wang Ru-Yi Wei Bing-Liang Hu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi’an Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Preterm infants are vulnerable to brain injuries,and have a greater chance of experiencing neurodevelopmental disorders throughout development. Early screening for motor and cognitive functions is critical to assessing the developmental trajectory in preterm infants, especially those who may have motor or cognitive deficits. The brain imaging technology functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) is a portable and low-cost method of assessing cerebral hemodynamics, making it suitable for large-scale use even in remote and underdeveloped areas. In this article, we review peer-reviewed, scientific f NIRS studies of motor performance, speech perception, and facial recognition in preterm infants. f NIRS provides a link between hemodynamic activity and the development of brain functions in preterm infants. Research using fNIRS has shown different patterns of hemoglobin change during some behavioral tasks in early infancy. fNIRS helps to promote our understanding of the developmental mechanisms of brain function in preterm infants when performing motor or cognitive tasks in a less-restricted environment.

关键词： Functional near infrared spectroscopy Preterm infant Motor performance Speech perception Facial recognition Cerebral hemodynamics

infrared fluorescence imaging of infarcted hearts with A@S nanodots

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 749-757页

作者： Dirk H. Ortgies Angel Luis Garcia-Villalon Miriam Granado Sara Amor Emma Martin Rodriguez Harrisson DA Santos Jingke Yao Jorge Rubio-Retama Daniel Jaque Nanobiology Group Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria IRYCIS Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100 Madrid 28034 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisica de Materiales - Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autonoma de Madrid C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisiologia - Facultad de Medicina Avda. Arzobispo Morcillo 2 Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Madrid 28029 Spain Fluorescence Imaging Group Departamento de Fisica Aplicada - Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autonoma de Madrid C/ Francisco Tomas y Valiente 7 Madrid 28049 Spain Grupo de Nano-Fotonica e Imagens Instituto de Fisica Universidade Federal de Alagoas Maceio-AL 57072-900 Brazil Departamento de Quimica Fisica en Ciencias Farmaceuticas Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramon y Cajal s/n Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid 28040 Spain

Ag2S nano dots have already bee n dem onstrated as promisi ng n ear-i nfrared (NIR-II, 1.0-1.45 pm) emitting nan oprobes with low toxicity, high penetration and high resolution for in vivo imaging of, for example, tumors and vasculature. In this work, we have systematically investigated the pote ntial applicati on of function alized Ag2S nano dots for accurate imaging of damaged myocardium tissues after a myocardial in farction in duced by either partial or global ischemia. Ag2S nano dots surface-function alized with the an giote nsin II peptide (ATI I) have show n over 10-fold enhanced binding efficiency to damaged tissues than non-specifically (PEG) functionalized Ag2S nanodots due to their interaction with the upregulated angiotensin II receptor type I (AT1R). It is demonstrated how the NIR-II images generated by ATII-functionalized Ag2S nanodots contain valuable information about the location and extension of damaged tissue in the myocardium allowing for a proper identification of the occluded artery as well as an in direct evaluati on of the damage level. The pote ntial applicati on of Ag2S nano dots in the n ear future for in vivo imaging of myocardial infarction was also corroborated by performing proof of concept whole body imaging experiments.

关键词： infrared imaging myocardial infarct Ag2S nanodots biological windows Langendorff heart

Analysis of Laser-encoding Remote-control Explosive System

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Semiconductor Photonics and Technology 2002年第3期8卷 186-189页

作者： JIANG Ben he 1, JIANG Zhi ling 2, HU Qing rong 3 (1.Institute of infrared Remote Sensing, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, CHN 2. Department of Optics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, CHN 3. Institute of Remote Sensing Applications CAS, B Institute of infrared Remote Sensing Shandong University Jinan 250100 Department of Optics Shandong University Jinan 250100 Institute of Remote Sensing Applications CAS 北京 100101

According to the requirements, an active infrared system is designed, which is composed of the emitting and receiving parts. The emitting part consists of a GaAs semiconductor laser device and binoculars optical system. A Si photodiode is selected as the receiving device, and a preamplifier circuit is designed to match the detector and further improve the signal to noise ratio. The laser encoding mode is utilized to enhance the anti disturbance. The theoretical analysis of this system is presented and a system prototype is made according to the requirement. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical prediction.

关键词： Laser encoding mode infrared remote-control GaAs semiconductor laser

Near-infrared-Excitable Organic Ultralong Phosphorescence through Multiphoton Absorption

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 474-485页

作者： Ye Tao Lele Tang Qi Wei Jibiao Jin Wenbo Hu Runfeng Chen Qingqing Yang Huanhuan Li Ping Li Guichuan Xing Quli Fan Chao Zheng Wei Huang Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications9 Wenyuan RoadNanjing 210023China Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacao 999078China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE) MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Flexible ElectronicsXi’an Key Laboratory of Flexible ElectronicsXi’an Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringXi’an Institute of Flexible ElectronicsInstitute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072 ShaanxiChina

Organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence(OURTP)with a long-lived triplet excited state up to several seconds has triggered widespread research interests,but most OURTP materials are excited by only ultraviolet(UV)or blue light owing to their unique stabilized triplet-and solid-state emission feature.Here,we demonstrate that near-infrared-(NIR-)excitable OURTP molecules can be rationally designed by implanting intra/intermolecular charge transfer(CT)characteristics into Haggregation to stimulate the efficient nonlinear multiphoton absorption(MPA).The resultant upconverted MPA-OURTP show ultralong lifetimes over 0.42 s and a phosphorescence quantum yield of~37%under both UV and NIR light irradiation.Empowered by the extraordinary MPA-OURTP,novel applications including two-photon bioimaging,visual laser power detection and excitation,and lifetime multiplexing encryption devices were successfully realized.These discoveries illustrate not only a delicate design map for the construction of NIR-excitable OURTP materials but also insightful guidance for exploring OURTP-based nonlinear optoelectronic properties and applications.

关键词： excited photon infrared