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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2007年第3期25卷 270-276页

作者：王修林蒋凤华石晓勇祝陈坚韩秀荣 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration

Incubation experiments are carried out to study the exchange rates of dissolved inorganic nutrients including silicate, phosphate, ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate (vSiO3-Si, vPO4-P, vNH4-N, vNO2-N and vNO3-N) at the sediment-water interface in the Jiaozhou Bay. Major factors influencing the exchange rates are discussed in detail, which include the dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations in porewater (Cpw), water and clay contents, and grain size of the sediments (CH2O, Cclay and GSsed). The results may provide insight into the dynamics of nutrient transport and the environmental capacity of nutrients in Jiaozhou Bay, and should be beneficial to solving the problems caused by excessive nutrient input this area.

关键词： influential factor exchange rate dissolved inorganic nutrients sediment-water interface Jiaozhou Bay

influential factors of Bucket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbine

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2015年第3期21卷 264-268页

作者：丁红岩刘永刚张浦阳熊康平 School of Civil Engineering Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structure Safety (Tianjin University) Ministry of Education

In this paper, the influential design thctors of wide-shallow composite bucket foundation for 3 MW off- shore wind turbine are systematically studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the bucket diameter is larger than 27 m in generak and the range of 7--12 m is appropriate for cylinder height. In particular the bucket foun- dation with diameter of 30 m and cylinder height of 10 m is suitable for most soils. Under ultimate loads, the bucket diameter and elasticity modulus of soil have major effects on the deibrmability of bucket foundation, while the influ- ence of friction coefficient between the bucket and soil is relatively slight.

关键词： offshore wind turbine bucket foundation tilt angle soil parameter influential factor

Survey on skin aging status and related influential factors in Southeast China

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第1期10卷 57-66页

作者： Yi-na WANG Hong FANG Wei-fang ZHU Department of Dermatology the First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

Objective： To investigate cutaneous aging patterns of residents in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, and their contributing factors. Methods： Eight hundred and forty-eight Hangzhou residents received the survey between March 2004 and September 2004. Results： Facial wrinkling first occurred at 21 years of age and skin elasticity began to lose at 22 years of age. In middle-aged and old people, facial wrinkling and looseness escalated with the increase of ultraviolet （UV）-exposure time, indicating the accelerating effect of a higher accumulative dose of UV radiation on skin aging. Only Fitzpatrick types Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were found in the skin phototypes of residents in Hangzhou area, and Fitzpatrick type Ⅱ seemed to be much more subject to severe wrinkling, elasticity destruction and skin tumors than types Ⅲ and Ⅳ. The oily skin was more protected against wrinkling and facial looseness than dry skin. However, as to concomitant cutaneous diseases, no difference was found among different skin types. Conclusion： Age, solar-exposure time, Fitzpatrick type and skin type are the associated forces in promoting skin aging, and emotional factor seems to be another independent risk factor. The age of 49 years and 2 h/d of solar-exposure time seem to be the turning points responsible for dramatic changes of cutaneous appearance in the process of skin aging in Southeast China.

关键词： Skin aging influential factor Fitzpatrick type Solar exposure Skin type Concomitant facial disease

Tempo-spatial characteristics and influential factors of rockburst:a case study of transportation and drainage tunnels in Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2011年第2期3卷 179-185页

作者： Lipeng Liu1, 2, Xiaogang Wang1, Yizhong Zhang3, Zhixin Jia1, Qingwei Duan1 1 Department of Geotechnical Engineering, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100048, China 2 School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China 3 Beijing Vibroflotation Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100102, China Department of Geotechnical Engineering China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100048 China School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Beijing Vibroflotation Engineering Co. Ltd. Beijing 100102 China

Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station is located in a high in-situ stress region in Southwest China. During the excavations of the transportation and drainage tunnels, more than 460 rockburst events were recorded in the transportation tunnel and 110 in the drainage tunnel, which has a serious and negative influence on the tunnels’ construction and the safety of staff and equipment. In the paper, the characters of rockburst patterns are analyzed for the transportation and drainage tunnels. The results are illustrated as follow: (1) Most of intensive rockbursts occur in the layer T2b, and continuous occurrences of rockbursts are more frequently observed than those in other layers. (2) The critical overburden depth of rockburst in the transportation tunnel is 600 m, and the length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is smaller than 25 m. The damaged depth of the rockburst has the tendency to increase with the increasing overburden depth, and the maximum damaged depth is over 3.5 m. (3) From east to west (west to east) in Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station, the rockburst usually takes place in the right (left) side of tunnel working face, and then the left (right) or roof of the tunnel. The total length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is 57.4%–62.2% of the overall rockburst length, followed by the rockbursts of flake-splitting type and other types. (4) Compared with the transportation tunnel, the intensity of rockburst in the drainage tunnel is higher while the length of the continuous occurrence section of rockburst is smaller. The rockburst section with length less than 10 m and depth of 1 m mainly occurs in the layer at a depth of 1 800–2 000 m. The influences of opening geometry and excavation method on the characteristics of the adjacent zone are great, but the influence of the stress among the tunnel group induced by excavation is relatively low.

关键词： Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station rockburst developing pattern influential factor

Fatigue behavior of cortical bone:a review

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第3期37卷 516-526,I0004页

作者： Jingwen Li He Gong Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Fatigue is a common cause of bone *** the main load-bearing tissue,cortical bone carries a considerable share of load in the whole *** cyclic loading condition,microdamage may generates and accumulates in cortical bone,which further triggers the fracture of *** is crucial to explore the fatigue properties of cortical bone and the influential factors for both clinical diagnosis and establishment of models that can predict fatigue failure of human cortical *** this review,the fatigue behavior of cortical bone was *** the complex hierarchical structure and self-repairing process,the risk of catastrophic fracture is *** on these understandings,the multiple influential factors of cortical bone fatigue properties were analyzed,which were considered to be a combination of internal and external *** internal factors include material properties of bone composition(i.e.,mineral,organic material,and water)and bone *** factors refer to loading condition such as frequency,amplitude and direction of ***,age,disease,radiation exposure and other factors affect the fatigue behavior of bone by altering one or more factors mentioned above.

关键词： Cortical bone Fatigue Microdamage influential factor

The status and distribution characteristics of residual mulching film in Xinjiang, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2639-2646页

作者： ZHANG Dan LIU Hong-bin HU Wan-li QIN Xiao-hui MA Xing-wang YAN Chang-rong WANG Hong-yuan Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Protection Station of Agricultural Resources and Environment Xinjiang Agricultural Department Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water Saving Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Pollution of residual plastic film in arable lands is a severe problem in China. In this study, the status of residual film and influential factors were investigated using the methods of farm survey in combination with questionnaires and quadrat sampling at a large number of field sites in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The results showed that the amount of film utilization increased largely and reached to 1.8×10~5 t in 2013. Similarly, the mulching area also substantially increased in recent decades, and reached to 2.7×10~5 ha in the same year. According to the current survey, 60.7% of the sites presented a greater mulch residue than the national film residue standard（75 kg ha^（–1））, and the maximum residual amount reached 502.2 kg ha^（–1） in Turpan, Xinjiang. The film thickness, the mulching time and the crop type all influenced mulch residue. The thickness of the film had significantly negative correlation with the amount of residual film（P0.05）, while the mulching years had significantly positive correlation with it（P0.05）. The total amount of residual film in Xinjiang was 3.43×105 t in 2011, which accounted for 15.3% of the cumulative dosage of mulching. Among all the crops, the cotton fields had the largest residual amount of mulch film（158.4 kg ha^（–1））, and also the largest contribution（2.6×10~5 tons） to the total amount of residual film in Xinjiang.

关键词： Xinjiang residual mulching film influential factor agricultural resources agricultural pollution

influential factors on Economic Benefit of Rice Farmers

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第2期13卷 460-467页

作者：齐振宏綦校海王磊陈庆根华中农业大学经济管理学院湖北武汉430070 中国水稻研究所科技信息中心浙江杭州310006

[Objective] This study was to provide references for the improvement of agricultural economic benefit by analyzing the main factors on influencing the economic benefit of rice farmer. [Method] Field survey was carried out on 300 rice farmers in Suizhou, Wuxue and Xiaogan of Hubei Province. Through the descriptive statistics to the production input and output data of the sample farmers, the econometric model was established to conduct empirical test on the economic benefit of rice farmer and the influential factors. The optimal production scale for rice farmer was also estimated, and through the theoretical and empirical analysis of the optimal production scale, countermeasures were put forward with the aim to promote economic benefit of rice farmer. [Result] The application of fertilizer affected the economic benefit most, followed by the planting area; food policy, farming population and average economic income per capita had significant effects on the economic benefit of rice production; economic benefit was beneficial for cost control. [Conclusion] This study had great practical and instructive significance for stabilizing national food production, ensuring regional and national food safety.

关键词： Economic benefit Rice farmers influential factor Optimal planting scale

Impact of Greenization on the Marginal Utility of Intensity of Carbon Emissions and factors Affecting it in China

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Energy Engineering 2021年第2期118卷 363-378页

作者： Yu Liu Ruiting Jiao Liyao Zhao Kai Liu College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan250358China Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong Jinan250358China

The impact of greenization on the marginal utility of the intensity of carbon emissions in China and factors influ-encing this relationship are explored in this ***’s level of greenization is evaluated by using an index system developed based on the comprehensive index *** intensity of carbon emissions is determined by using the standards for the coefficients of conversion of coal equivalent and coefficients of carbon *** impact of greenization on the marginal utility of the intensity of carbon emissions is then evaluated by using an elastic formula and factors affecting this relationship are verified by regression *** results are as fol-lows:(1)China’s level of greenization has exhibited a trend of constant *** intensity of carbon emissions has followed a continual downward trend while the impact of greenization on the marginal utility of the intensity of these emissions has been declining.(2)Urbanization as well as scientific and technological developments have slowed the reduction in the marginal utility of the intensity of carbon emissions,whereas the structure of energy consumption has expedited it under the diminishing impact of *** standard of living of the popu-lation,intensity of environmental regulation,and environmental quality have had different influences under dif-ferent conditions.

关键词： Greenization carbon emission intensity marginal utility influential factor

Cytotoxicity of six copper-bearing intrauterine devices on Chinese hamster ovary cells: the influence of frame, shape and copper surface area

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2015年第3期26卷 160-172页

作者： Tong CHEN Ying LI Wen-li ZHANG Wei-sai ZHOU Shuang-shuang ZHANG Jian-ping LIU Pharmaceutic Institute of China Pharmaceutical University Institute of Planned Parenthood Research of Jiangsu Province

Objective To evaluate the cytotoxicity of six commonly used copper-bearing intrauterine devices （Cu-IUDs） on Chinese hamster ovary （CHO-K1） cells and to investigate the influence of frame, shape and copper surface area of Cu-IUDs on cell toxicity.Methods Cu-IUDs were incubated in 10% FBS-DMEM/F12 culture medium at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The extracts were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometer and were then diluted into different concentrations with culture medium. Finally, cytotoxicity of these original and diluted extracts on CHO-K1 cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay.Results The viabilities of cells treated with the original extracts of six Cu-IUDs （TCu220C bulb, TCu220C, GCu220, GCu300, Yuangong Cu270 and Yuangong Ⅱ- 300） were all below 10% and the cupric ion concentrations in these extracts were 28.22 mg/L, 31.80 mg/L, 92.80 mg/L, 99.74 mg/L, 114.90 mg/L and 119.20 mg/L, respectively. After these original extracts were diluted, significant differences in cytotoxicity were exhibited. IUDs with larger copper surface areas （GCu300 and Yuangong Ⅱ-300） showed more cytotoxicity than those with smaller areas （GCu220 and Yuangong Cu270） respectively; When different shapes of Cu-IUDs were compared, TCu220C bulb showed lower cytotoxicity than TCu220C, and GCu300 exhibited higher toxicity than Yuangong Ⅱ-300; TCu220C displayed significantly lower cytotoxicity than GCu220 due to their differences in *** We presented evidence on the cytotoxic effects of copper ions released from Cu-IUDs on CHO-K1 cells and found that shape, frame together with copper surface area of Cu-IUDs had obvious influence on the cytotoxicity.

关键词： copper-bearing intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) cytotoxicity extract concentration influential factor

Measurement of trimethylamine concentration and evaluation of pig meat natural quality by a spectrophotometric method

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第3期1卷 236-241页

作者： Mohammod Abdul HAMID Xi WANG Xiangdong DING Chuduan WANG Xingbo ZHAO National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Animal Genetics and BreedingCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institutes of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shanxi Academy of Agricultural ScienceTaiyuan 030000China

Pig meat off-flavor is attributed to trimethylamine(TMA)concentration,and it is considered as the precursor of the fishy off-flavor *** this study,TMA concentrations in pig meat were determined,and the interactions with breed and gender effects were *** addition,the TMA threshold for meat off-flavor and pig meat natural quality was measured in relation to meat storage and movement,and the influential factors including the pig breed and storage time were *** results indicated positive effects on the precursor of the fishy off-flavor and the TMA *** breeds were found to have lower TMA concentrations than European breeds(Pfactors affecting flavor for meat breeding programs,and storage time is important for pig meat natural quality.

关键词： pig meat trimethylamine(TMA) influential factor