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Relationship between the burden of pneumocystis carinii, the inflammatory reaction and lung injury in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2000年第12期000卷 15-18页

作者：瞿介明容朝晖何礼贤潘珏陈雪华 Deparment of Pulamonary Medicine Zhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical UniversityShanghai 20032Chin Deparment of Pulamonary edicine Zhongshan HospitalShanghai edical UniversityShanghai 20032Chin

To study the relationship between the burden of Pneumocystis carinii (P carinii) and the inflammatory reaction and biochemical markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF)in a rat model of P carinii pneumonia (PCP) Methods Clean grade 50 male Sprague Dawley rats were immunosuppressed by a subcutaneous injection of 25mg cortisone acetate twice a week for 8-12 weeks; the PCP model was successfully induced in 14 rats The inflammatory reaction and biochemical markers of the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and type Ⅳ collagenase (matrix metalloproteinases, MMP 2, MMP 9) as well as the values of total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB) in BALF between the mild burden group of P carinii (involved alveoli <25% per 100 alveoli, Group A) and the moderate to severe burden group (involved alveoli ≥25% per 100 alveoli, Group B) were measured The other six clean grade SD rats served as normal control group (Group C) Results The total white cell count in BALF was higher in Group B [(6 8±1 7)×10 6/L] than in Group A [(3 8±1 2)×10 6/L] ( P <0 01); however, there were no differences in white cell differentiation Assays of biochemical markers showed that ALB in BALF in Group B (0 893±0 469?g/L) was increased in comparison with Group A (0 262±0 169 ?g/L); it was only 0 026±0 021?g/L in Group C The contents of TP and activities of LDH were higher in Group B (TP 1 756±0 706?g/L, LDH 2580±550?U/L) than in Group A (TP 0 784±0 553?g/L, LDH 1410±620?U/L); the values of TP and LDH were 0 063±0 020?g/L and 370±250?U/L respectively in Group C The activity of Type Ⅳ collagenase, including MMP 2 and MMP 9, was higher in Group B than in Group A ( P <0 01) (MMP 2: 1102±169 grey value vs 459±274 grey value; MMP 9: 1218±257 grey value vs 449±225 grey value) There was no activity of Type Ⅳ collagenase in BALF of Group C No statistically significant difference was observed in ALP between the g

关键词： burden of pneumocystis carinii inflammatory reaction biochemical markers lung injury bronchoalveolar lavage flu€

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Effect of Chinese Drugs for Activating Blood Circulation and Detoxifying on Indices of Thrombosis,inflammatory reaction,and Tissue Damage in A Rabbit Model of Toxin-Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第1期19卷 42-47页

作者：薛梅殷惠军吴彩凤马晓娟郭春雨黄烨史大卓陈可冀 Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Xiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Objective： To observe the regulatory effect of Chinese drugs for activating blood circulation （ABC） and for activating blood circulation and detoxifying （ABCD） on indices of thrombosis, inflammatory reaction, and tissue damage in a rabbit model of toxin-heat and blood stasis syndrome. Methods： Fifty-four rabbits were randomized into the normal control group, model group, simvastatin group （simvastatin, 0.93 mg/kg per day）, ABC group [Xiongshao Capsule （~ff_）, 0.07 g/kg per day], and ABCD group [Xiongshao Capsule, 0.07 g/kg per day, and Huanglian Capsule （-~L^t）, 0.14 g/kg per day]. All except the normal control group received a single injection of bovine serum albumin and were fed with high-fat diets for 6 weeks. At the end of week 4 of giving high- fat diets, a dose of endoxitin was given by ear vein injection, and a randomized 2-week treatment was initiated. At the end of treatment, blood lipids, circulating endothelial cells, and the pathological changes of the aortic arch were assessed. The serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases （MMP-9）, tissue inhibitors to metalloproteinase （TIMP-1）, granule membrane protein-140 （GMP-140）, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 （PAl-l）, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP）, interleukin-6 （IL-6）, and tumor necrosis factor- ~ （TNF- oL ） were determined. Results： Compared with the model group, ABCD group showed decreased serum triglycaride （TG） level, improvement in the pathological change in the aortic arch, and reduction in the number of circulating endothelial cells （4.00_＋ 1.41 per 0.9 p~ L for ABCD group vs 7.83_＋ 1.72 per 0.9 μL for the model group）. In addition, the levels of serum GMP-140, PAl-l, and IL-6 in ABCD group were also significantly reduced [0.79＋0.20 ng/mL, 5.23± 1.39 ng/mL, 40.64 ± 10.11 pg/mL for ABCD group vs 1.08 ± 0.31 ng/mL, 7.28± 2.01 ng/mL, 54.44 ± 13.56 pg/mL for the model group, respectively, P〈0.05]. A trend showing improvement in the indices of thrombosis, inflammatory reaction, and tissue dam

关键词： activating blood circulation activating blood circulation and detoxifying thrombosis tissuedamage inflammatory reaction

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Effect of Shengmai Injection(生脉注射液) on Cardiac Function and inflammatory reaction in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2008年第2期14卷 107-110页

作者：张亚臣陈瑞明吕宝经荣烨之 Department of Internal Cardiology Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong Medical University School of Medicine Department of Laboratory Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine

Objective： To confirm the effect of Shengmai Injection （生脉注射液, SMI） in improving cardiac function in patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS） and to explore its influence on inflammatory reaction in patients. Methods： Ninety ACS patients were randomized into two groups, the control group treated with conventional therapy and the SMI group treated with SMI. The patients＇ cardiac function was noted and the content of high sensitive C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） in venous blood was measured before treatment and 1 week and 3 weeks after treatment, so as to observe and compare their changes between the two groups. Results： The cardiac output, stroke volume and ejection fraction in the SMI group after 3 weeks of treatment were all higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. The serum content of hs-CRP was reduced in both groups （P〈0.05）, but the reduction in the SMI group was more significant than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： SMI could improve the cardiac function and further inhibit the inflammatory reaction in patients with ACS.

关键词： Shengmai Injection acute coronary syndrome C-reactive protein inflammatory reaction cardiac function

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Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Activating Blood Circulation and Detoxifying on Expression of inflammatory reaction and Tissue Damage Related Factors in Experimental Carotid Artery Thrombosis Rats

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2010年第3期16卷 247-251页

作者：薛梅张璐杨琳蒋跃绒郭春雨殷惠军陈可冀 Center of Cardiovascular Diseases Xiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences

Objective：To observe the pharmaceutical effect of Chinese drugs for activating blood circulation （Xiongshao Capsule,XSC,芎芍胶囊）and for activating blood circulation and detoxification（Xiongshao Capsule and Huanglian Capsule,XSHLC,黄连胶囊）in terms of the indices of thrombosis,inflammatory reaction and tissue damage related factors in experimental carotid artery thrombosis ***：Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,the model group,the Simvastatin group（SG）,the activating blood circulation（ABC）group,and the activating blood circulation and detoxifying（ABCD）group,with 10 rats in each ***（1.8 mg/kg）,XSC（0.135 g/kg）and XSHLC（0.135 g/kg）were administered to Simvastatin,ABC and ABCD group by gastrogavage,and an equal volume of normal saline was given to the sham operation group and the model *** 2 weeks of successive medication,the rats in the model and all drug therapy groups were made into experimental carotid artery thrombosis *** serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases（MMP-9）,tissue inhibitors to metalloproteinase（TIMP-1）,granule membrane protein-140（GMP-140）,tissue-type plasminogen activator（t-PA）,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein（hs-CRP） and interleukin-6（IL-6）were detected with enzyme-linked immunoassay 24 h ***：Compared with the model group,the levels of serum GMP-140,hs-CRP,IL-6 and MMP-9 were significantly decreased,and the level of t-PA was significantly increased in the ABC and ABCD group（P〈0.05）,while the level of serum hs-CRP in ABCD group decreased significantly compared with that in the ABC group（P〈0.05）.Conclusions：Chinese drugs both for activating blood circulation and for activating blood circulation and detoxifying have good effects on regulating indices of thrombosis,inflammatory reaction and tissue damage in experimental carotid artery thrombosis *** effect of activating blood circulation and detoxifying drugs on regulating the level of serum hs-CRP is superior to that of

关键词： activating blood circulation activating blood circulation and detoxifying thrombosis tissue damage inflammatory reaction

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Study on Effect of Kangyanling(抗炎灵) on Cytokine and C-Reactive Protein inPatients of Systemic inflammatory reaction Syndrome and Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome after Abdominal Surgery

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2001年第2期7卷 98-页

作者：陈哲宇齐清会 The Baodi District Hospital of Tianjin

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Kangyanling (KYL) in treating patients with systemic inflammatory reaction syndrome and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (SIRS/MODS) after abdominal surgery. Methods: Eighty-two patients of SIRS/MODS after abdominal surgery were divided into two groups according to admission time, the KYL treated group (n=35) and the control group (n=47). The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured at the 1st, 3rd and 7th days post-operationally. Results: The levels of CRP, TNFα and IL-6 decreased gradually after surgical operation in both groups, but the reducing velocity was shorter in the KYL group than that in the control group, so the comparison of the levels in the two groups showed significant difference on the 3rd day after operation. Conclusion:KYL could inhibit the release of inflammatory mediator and relieve the inflammatory response so as to treat post-operational SIRS/MODS effectively.

关键词：抗炎灵 abdominal surgery tumor necrosis factor inflammatory response inflammatory reaction inflammatory mediator surgical operation clinical efficacy

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Interaction pathways of implant metal localized corrosion and macrophage inflammatory reactions

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第1期31卷 355-367页

作者： Meng Li Jing Wu Wenbo Geng Pengfei Gao Yulu Yang Xuan Li Kun Xu Qiang Liao Kaiyong Cai Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of BioengineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400044PR China Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems Chongqing UniversityMinistry of EducationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing400044PR China

Macrophages play a central role in immunological responses to metallic species associated with the localized corrosion of metallic implants,and mediating in peri-implant ***,the pathways of localized corrosion-macrophage interactions were systematically investigated on 316L stainless steel(SS)implant *** monitoring under macrophage-mediated inflammatory conditions showed a decreased pitting corrosion resistance of 316L SSs in the presence of RAW264.7 cells as the cells would disrupt biomolecule adsorbed layer on the metal *** pitting potentials were furtherly decreased when the RAW264.7 cells were induced to the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype by the addition of lipopolysaccharide(LPS),and pitting corrosion preferentially initiated at the peripheries of *** overproduction of aggressive ROS under inflammatory conditions would accelerate the localized corrosion of 316L SS around *** pitting corrosion condition,the viability and pro-inflammatory polarization of RAW264.7 cells were region-dependent,lower viability and more remarkable morphology transformation of macrophages in the pitting corrosion region than the pitting-free *** pitting corrosion of 316L SS induced high expression of CD86,TNF-α,IL-6 and high level of intracellular ROS in *** release of metallic species(Fe^(2+),Cr^(3+),Ni^(2+),etc)and uneven distribution of surface overpotential stimulated macrophage inflammatory responses near the corrosion pits.A synergetic effect of localized corrosion and macrophages was revealed,which could furtherly promote localized corrosion of 316L SS and macrophage inflammatory *** results provided direct evidence of corrosion-macrophage interaction in metallic implants and disclosed the pathways of this mutual stimulation effect.

关键词： Metallic implant Macrophage Localized corrosion inflammatory reaction Material-cell interaction

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Delayed xenon post-conditioning mitigates spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbits by regulating microglial activation and inflammatory factors

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 510-517页

作者： Yan-wei Yang Yun-lu Wang Jia-kai Lu Lei Tian Mu Jin Wei-ping Cheng Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Beijing China

The neuroprotective effect against spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats exerted by delayed xenon post-conditioning is stronger than that produced by immediate xenon post-conditioning. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Activated microglia are the main inflammatory cell type in the nervous system. The release of pro-inflammatory factors following microglial activation can lead to spinal cord damage, and inhibition of microglial activation can relieve spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. To investigate how xenon regulates microglial activation and the release of inflammatory factors, a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by balloon occlusion of the infrarenal aorta. After establishment of the model, two interventions were given：（1） immediate xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% xenon for 1 hour, 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours; （2） delayed xenon post-conditioning—after reperfusion, inhalation of 50% N2/50%O2 for 2 hours, 50% xenon for 1 hour. At 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hours after reperfusion, hindlimb locomotor function was scored using the Jacobs locomotor scale. At 72 hours after reperfusion, interleukin 6 and interleukin 10 levels in the spinal cord of each group were measured using western blot assays. Iba1 levels were determined using immunohistochemistry and a western blot assay. The number of normal neurons at the injury site was quantified using hematoxylin-eosin staining. At 72 hours after reperfusion, delayed xenon post-conditioning remarkably enhanced hindlimb motor function, increased the number of normal neurons at the injury site, decreased Iba1 levels, and inhibited interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in the spinal *** xenon post-conditioning did not noticeably affect the above-mentioned indexes. These findings indicate that delayed xenon post-conditioning after spinal cord injury improves the recovery of neurological function by reducing microglial

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord injury xenon immediate post-conditioning delayed post-conditioning ischemia/reperfusion microglia interleukin-6 interleukin-10 ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 inflammatory reaction neural regeneration

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inflammatory responses of the rat lungs in cold-dryness syndrome in the northwest of China

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2012年第2期32卷 234-237页

作者：高振哈木拉提·吾甫尔荆晶廖春燕徐丹李风森 Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated with Xinjiang Medical University & National Clinical Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xin Jiang Medical University

OBJECTIVE:To examine changes in body weight and the lung inflammation factors interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-8(IL-8),IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in a rat model of cold-dryness syndrome in Northwest(Xinjiang) China to provide a reference for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) with local ***:The rat COPD model was established by intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase(PPE) in combination with cigarette smoking(CS).The rat model of cold-dryness syndrome of COPD in the northwest of China was set up by intratracheal instillation of PPE in combination with CS and environmental cold-dryness *** level of IL-1β,IL-8,IL-10 and TNF-α in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The data were analyzed using the software SPSS ***:1) Body weight was less in the two model groups than that of control group(P<0.01),PPE plus CS cold-dryness group was less than that of PPE plus CS group(P<0.01).2) IL-1β in BALF significantly increased in PPE plus CS and cold-dryness group than that of control group(P<0.01).3) IL-8 and TNF-α in BALF significantly increased in PPE plus CS and cold-dryness group and PPE plus CS group than that of control group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Body weight in COPD model rats was reduced compared with ***-dryness may aggravate such a condition Lung inflammation in the model was mainly manifested by an increase in IL-1β,IL-8 and TNF-α levels,with no change in IL-10 ***-dryness may aggravate lung inflammation of COPD.

关键词： Pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cold-dryness syndrome Northwest China inflammatory reaction

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Role of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第29期7卷 2259-2266页

作者： Federica Fregnan Luisa Muratori Anabel Rodriguez Simǒes Maria Giuseppina Giacobini-Robecchi Stefania Raimondo Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinOrbassano 10043 TurinItaly Neuroscience Institute of the "Cavalieri Ottolenghi" Foundation Orbassano 10043TurinItaly

inflammatory events occurring in the distal part of an injured peripheral nerve have, nowadays, a great resonance. Investigating the timing of action of the several cytokines in the important stages of Wallerian degeneration helps to understand the regenerative process and design pharmacologic intervention that promotes and expedites recovery. The complex and synergistic action of inflammatory cytokines finally promotes axonal regeneration. Cytokines can be divided into pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that upregulate and downregulate, respectively, the production of inflammatory mediators. While pro-inflammatory cytokines are expressed in the first phase of Wallerian degeneration and promote the recruitment of macrophages, anti-inflammatory cytokines are expressed after this recruitment and downregulate the production of all cytokines, thus determining the end of the process. In this review, we describe the major inflammatory cytokines involved in Wallerian degeneration and the early phases of nerve regeneration. In particular, we focus on interleukin-1, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-β, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β.

关键词： pro-inflammatory cytokines anti-inflammatory cytokines inflammatory reaction peripheral nervoussystem nerve injury wallerian degeneration Schwann cells macrophage axonal regeneration myelin neural regeneration

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Puerarin protects brain tissue against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第23期9卷 2074-2080页

作者： Feng Zhou Liang Wang Panpan Liu Weiwei Hu Xiangdong Zhu Hong Shen Yuanyuan Yao Department of Neurosurgery Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Medical College Ningbo University Department of Anesthesiology Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University

Puerarin, a traditional Chinese medicine, exerts a powerful neuroprotective effect in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, but its mechanism is unknown. Here, we established rat models of middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion injury using the suture method. Puerarin （100 mg/kg） was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before middle cerebral artery occlusion and 8 hours after reperfusion. Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, we found that puerarin significantly improved neurological deficit, reduced infarct size and brain water content, and notably diminished the expression of Toll-like receptor-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88, nuclear factor kappa B and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ischemic region. These data indicate that puerarin exerts an anti-inflammatory protective effect on brain tissue with ischemia/reperfusion damage by downregulating the expression of multiple inflammatory factors.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain injury puerarin cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury rats inflammatory reaction Toll-like receptor-4 nuclear factor kappa B myeloid differentiation factor 88 tumor necrosis factor-α middle cerebral artery occlusion neural regeneration

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