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A brain structural connectivity biomarker for autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in early childhood

Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 171-181页

作者： Xi Jiang Xiao-Jing Shou Zhongbo Zhao Yuzhong Chen Fan-Chao Meng Jiao Le Tian-Jia Song Xin-Jie Xu Weitong Guo Xiaoyan Ke Xiao-E Cai Weihua Zhao Juan Kou Ran Huo Ying Liu Hui-Shu Yuan Yan Xing Ji-Sheng Han Song-Ping Han Yun Li Hua Lai Lan Zhang Mei-Xiang Jia Jing Liu Xuan Liu Keith M.Kendrick Rong Zhang The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for NeuroinformationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Neuroscience Research Institute Key Laboratory for NeuroscienceMinistry of Education of ChinaKey Laboratory for NeuroscienceNational Committee of Health and Family Planning of ChinaDepartment of NeurobiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Leamning Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomicsand IDG/McGovermn Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijng 100875China Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Child Mental Health Research Center Nanjing Brain Hospital Affliated of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Radiology Department Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Pediatrics Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Wuxi Shenpingxintai Medical Technology Co LtdWuxi 214091China Mental Health Institute Peking UniversityKey Laboratory of Ministry of HealthThe Ministry of Public HealthBeijing 100191China Shandong Ke Luo Ni Ke(CLINIC)Medical Technology Co LtdDezhou 253011China Autism Research Center of Peking University Health Science Center Beiing 100191China Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University100191BeijingChina

Background:Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is associated with altered brain development,but it is unclear which specific structural changes may serve as potential diagnostic markers,particularly in young children at the age when symptoms become fully ***,such brain markers need to meet the requirements of precision medicine and be accurate in aiding diagnosis at an individual rather than only a group ***:This study aimed to identify and model brain-wide differences in structural connectivity using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)in young ASD and typically developing(TD)***:A discovery cohort including 93 ASD and 26 TD children and two independent validation cohorts including 12 ASD and 9 TD children from three different cities in China were ***-wide(294 regions)structural connectivity was measured using DTI(fractional anisotropy,FA)together with symptom severity and cognitive development.A connection matrix was constructed for each child for comparisons between ASD and TD *** classification was performed on the discovery dataset and the resulting model was tested on the two independent validation ***:Thirty-three structural connections showed increased FA in ASD compared to TD children and associated with both autistic symptom severity and impaired general cognitive *** majority(29/33)involved the frontal lobe and comprised five different networks with functional relevance to default mode,motor control,social recognition,language and ***,clas-sification achieved very high accuracy of 96.77%in the discovery dataset,and 91.67%and 88.89%in the two independent validation ***:Identified structural connectivity differences primarily involving the frontal cortex can very accurately distinguish novel individual ASD from TD children and may therefore represent a robust early brain biomarker which can address the requirements of precision medicine.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder diffusion tensor imaging fractional anisotropy brain structural connectivity individual diag-nosis early childhood

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