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A new landing impact attenuation seat in manned spacecraft biologically-inspired by felids

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第2期28卷 434-446页

作者： Yu Hui Zhang Zhiqiang Liu Hua Yang Jialing Wang Lili Yang Liming Institute of Solid Mechanics School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang University Mechanics and Materials Science Research Center Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo University

When manned spacecraft comes back to the earth, it relies on the impact attenuation seat to protect astronauts from injuries during landing phase. Hence, the seat needs to transfer impact load, as small as possible, to the crew. However, there is little room left for traditional seat to improve further. Herein, a new seat system biologically-inspired by felids＇ landing is proposed. Firstly, a series of experiments was carried out on cats and tigers, in which they were trained to jump down voluntarily from different heights. Based on the ground reaction forces combined with kinematics, the experiment indicated that felids＇ landing after self-initial jump was a multi-step impact attenuation process and the new seat was inspired by this. Then the construction and work process of new seat were redesigned to realize the multi-step impact attenuation. The dynamic response of traditional and new seat is analyzed under the identical conditions and the results show that the new concept seat can significantly weaken the occupant overload in two directions compared with that of traditional seat. As a consequence, the risk of injury evaluated for spinal and head is also lowered, meaning a higher level of protection which is especially beneficial to the debilitated astronaut.

关键词： Astronautics Bionics impact attenuation Landing Overload Seat

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Over-height truck collisions with railway bridges:attenuation of damage using crash beams

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2022年第1期21卷 237-252页

作者： Dan Xu Xinxing Yuan Ali Irmak Ozdagli Marlon Agüero Roya Nasimi Tao Wang Fernando Moreu Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina EarthquakeAdministrationSanhe 065201China Department of Civil Construction and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Courtesy Appointment Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Courtesy Appointment Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Railway bridges are susceptible to over-height truck collisions and to address this issue,it is necessary to attenuate the effect of these impacts to ensure the safety of transportation *** study experimentally investigates the effectiveness of crash beams as a cushioning mechanism for railway bridges against ***-height truck and railway bridge impact events were simulated in a 1:5 scale *** design parameters such as the stiffness of the crash beam and the bridge supports were scaled to evaluate different levels of *** experiments were conducted with five configurations consisting of four different types of crash beams and one no-crash beam *** results show that crash beams attenuate bridge total peak dynamic displacement responses between 14.5%and 35.7%,depending on the intensity of the impact and crash beam *** addition,the results show that the average effectiveness in attenuating residual deformation for all four crash beams ranges from 43.03%to 83.40%.Finally,various designs and their effectiveness against lateral impacts with different speeds are *** overall scope of this research is to provide objective information about the design of crash beams for railway bridges based on their response to over-height truck collisions at various speeds.

关键词： railway bridge over-height truck impact attenuation crash beam dynamic displacement scaled model

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