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ips cells—Alternative pluripotent cells to embryo stem cells

Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 154-156页

作者： PEI XueTao Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine,Beijing 100850,China Beijing Institute of Transfusion Medicine Beijing China

Since the first murine and human embryonic stem cell lines were established by Drs. Evans and Kaufman [1] and Thomson et al. [2], respectively, great progress has been make in the field

关键词： ips cells cell Alternative pluripotent cells to embryo stem cells stem

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CRISPR-mediated genome editing and human diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第4期3卷 244-251页

作者： Liquan Cai Alfred L.Fisher Haochu Huang Zijian Xie Marshal l Institute for Interdisciplinary Research(MIIR) Marshall UniversityWeisberg Engineering ComplexMarshall University1628 Third AvenueHuntingtonWV 25703USA University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Department of MedicineDivision of GeriatricsGerontologyand Palliative MedicineSan AntonioTX 78229USA GRECC South Texas VA Healthcare SystemSan AntonioTX 78229USA Committee on Immunology Section of RheumatologyDepartment of MedicineKnapp Center for Lupus and Immunology ResearchUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA

CRISPR(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)technology has emerged as a powerful technology for genome editing and is now widely used in basic biomedical research to explore gene function.More recently,this technology has been increasingly applied to the study or treatment of human diseases,including Barth syndrome effects on the heart,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,hemophilia,b-Thalassemia,and cystic fibrosis.CRISPR/Cas9(CRISPR-associated protein 9)genome editing has been used to correct diseasecausing DNA mutations ranging from a single base pair to large deletions in model systems ranging from cells in vitro to animals in vivo.In addition to genetic diseases,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has also been applied in immunology-focused applications such as the targeting of C-C chemokine receptor type 5,the programmed death 1 gene,or the creation of chimeric antigen receptors in T cells for purposes such as the treatment of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)or promoting anti-tumor immunotherapy.Furthermore,this technology has been applied to the genetic manipulation of domesticated animals with the goal of producing biologic medical materials,including molecules,cells or organs,on a large scale.Finally,CRISPR/Cas9 has been teamed with induced pluripotent stem(ips)cells to perform multiple tissue engineering tasks including the creation of disease models or the preparation of donor-specific tissues for transplantation.This review will explore the ways in which the use of CRISPR/Cas9 is opening new doors to the treatment of human diseases.

关键词： CRISPR DNA double-stranded break Genome editing Human diseases ips cells

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Reprogramming towards endothelial cells for vascular regeneration

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第3期3卷 186-197页

作者： Xuechong Hong Alexandra Le Bras Andriana Margariti Qingbo Xu Cardiovascular Division King’s College London BHF CentreLondonUK Centre for Experimental Medicine School of MedicineDentistry and Biomedical SciencesQueen’s University BelfastBelfastUK

Endothelial damage and dysfunction are implicated in cardiovascular pathological changes and the development of vascular diseases.In view of the fact that the spontaneous endothelial cell(EC)regeneration is a slow and insufficient process,it is of great significance to explore alternative cell sources capable of generating functional ECs to repair damaged endothelium.Indeed,recent achievements of cell reprogramming to convert somatic cells to other cell types provide new powerful approaches to study endothelial regeneration.Based on progress in the research field,the present review aims to summarize the strategies and mechanisms of generating endothelial cells through reprogramming from somatic cells,and to examine what this means for the potential application of cell therapy in the clinic.

关键词： Atherosclerosis Cell reprogramming Endothelial cells Endothelial regeneration ips cells Stem cells

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