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Applications of advanced signal processing and machine learning in the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic electroencephalography

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 222-231页

作者： Hamid Abbasi Charles P.Unsworth Department of Engineering Science The University of Auckland

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy significantly contributes to neonatal death and life-long disability such as cerebral palsy. Advances in signal processing and machine learning have provided the research community with an opportunity to develop automated real-time identification techniques to detect the signs of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy in larger electroencephalography/amplitude-integrated electroencephalography data sets more easily. This review details the recent achievements, performed by a number of prominent research groups across the world, in the automatic identification and classification of hypoxic-ischemic epileptiform neonatal seizures using advanced signal processing and machine learning techniques. This review also addresses the clinical challenges that current automated techniques face in order to be fully utilized by clinicians, and highlights the importance of upgrading the current clinical bedside sampling frequencies to higher sampling rates in order to provide better hypoxic-ischemic biomarker detection frameworks. Additionally, the article highlights that current clinical automated epileptiform detection strategies for human neonates have been only concerned with seizure detection after the therapeutic latent phase of injury. Whereas recent animal studies have demonstrated that the latent phase of opportunity is critically important for early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy electroencephalography biomarkers and although difficult, detection strategies could utilize biomarkers in the latent phase to also predict the onset of future seizures.

关键词： advanced signal processing aEEG automatic detection classification clinical EEG fetal HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy machine learning neonatal seizure real-time identification review

Neurodevelopmental Problems in Children at 9 Months of Age Associated with Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 98-108页

作者： Evelyn Mungyeh Mah Seraphin Nguefack Hélène Kamo Selangai Andréas Chiabi Mbassi Awa Félicité Dongmo Mazou Ngou Temgoua Elie Mbonda Affiliation Department of Pediatrics Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Neonatal asphyxia is a major cause of infant morbidity in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to describe the short-term neurological outcome of children following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from May 2010 to September 2013. We included 39 exposed cases against 78 non-exposed cases followed-up for at least 9 months. The variables studied were: age, sex, head circumference, neurological sequelae, postural anomalies and motor skills and developmental age/quotient. The data collected were analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.3. The Fisher Exact Test was used to compare the variables with a significance threshold defined for p Results: We recruited 39 cases for 78 controls. The majority (74.40%) of cases were classified as HIE Sarnat 3 and 25.60% Sarnat 2. Most of the children were aged 12 - 36 months with a mean age of 18 months. The male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 1.2;and 61.50% of children with HIE had head circumference Conclusion: The frequency of neurological sequelae following HIE was high in our series. Efforts should be made to prevent perinatal asphyxia and to ensure the availability of material and staff trained to help babies’ breath in all the delivery rooms in our maternities.

关键词： hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy Cerebral Palsy Mental Retardation Cameroon

Electroencephalography studies of hypoxic ischemia in fetal and neonatal animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 828-837页

作者： Hamid Abbasi Charles P.Unsworth Department of Engineering Science the University of Auckland

Alongside clinical achievements,experiments conducted on animal models (including primate or non-primate) have been effective in the understanding of various pathophysiological aspects of perinatal hypoxic/ ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Due to the reasonably fair degree of flexibility with experiments,most of the research around HIE in the literature has been largely concerned with the neurodevelopmental outcome or how the frequency and duration of HI seizures could relate to the severity of perinatal brain injury,following HI insult.This survey concentrates on how EEG experimental studies using asphyxiated animal models (in rodents,piglets,sheep and non-human primate monkeys) provide a unique opportunity to examine from the exact time of HI event to help gain insights into HIE where human studies become difficult.

关键词： animal models automatic detection clinical EEG fetal HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neonatal non-human primates review seizure

Protective mechanisms of micro RNA-27a against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injuries in hippocampal neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第8期11卷 1285-1292页

作者： Qun Cai Ting Wang Wen-jie Yang Xing Fen Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu Province China Department of Emergency Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu Province China Medical College of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu Province China

hypoxic injuries during fetal distress have been shown to cause reduced expression of micro RNA-27a（mi R-27a）,which regulates sensitivity of cortical neurons to apoptosis.We hypothesized that miR-27 a overexpression attenuates hypoxia- and ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis by regulating FOXO1,an important transcription factor for regulating the oxidative stress response.miR-27 a mimic was transfected into hippocampal neurons to overexpress miR-27 a.Results showed increased hippocampal neuronal viability and decreased caspase-3 expression.The luciferase reporter gene system demonstrated that mi R-27 a directly binded to FOXO1 3′UTR in hippocampal neurons and inhibited FOXO1 expression,suggesting that FOXO1 was the target gene for mi R-27 a.These findings confirm that mi R-27 a protects hippocampal neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injuries.The mechanism might be mediated by modulation of FOXO1 and apoptosis-related gene caspase-3 expression.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain injury miR-27a hypoxic-ischemic hippocampal neurons oxygen-glucose deprivation cell survival apoptosis caspase 3 FOX01 luciferase reporter gene system neuroprotection neural regeneration

Causes of developmental delay in children of 5 to 72 months old at the child neurology unit of Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第3期3卷 279-285页

作者： Séraphin Nguefack Karen Kengne Kamga Boniface Moifo Andréas Chiabi Evelyn Mah Elie Mbonda Departement of Pediatric Neurology Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: According to the World Health Organization, about 5% of children world-wide of 14-year-old and under have a moderate to severe developmental disability, and up to 15% of children under 5-year-old are developmentally delayed. Purpose: To determine the prevalence, socio-demographic profile, aetiologies, and the clinical presentation of developmental delay in children less than 6-year-old at the child neurology unit in a university-affiliated hospital in Yaounde. Materials and methods: It was a crosssectional descriptive study carried out in Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (Cameroon) from August to December 2012. Children aged between 5 - 72 months with a developmental quotient less than 70 were enrolled. Developmental delay (DD) was diagnosed and classified using the Denver developmental screening test (DDST). Data concerning the child (age, gender, severity of DD), the mother (age, age at conception, educational level, marital status), history of pregnancy and delivery, perinatal and postnatal events, results of para-clinical explorations (EEG, CT-scan, genetic tests), the severity of DD and the probable or demonstrate cause of DD were recorded on a standardized questionnaire. The chisquare test was used to compare variables. Results: During the study period, 2171 children aged 5 - 72 months consulted the paediatric department of the hospital, 296 were examined at the child neurology unit of which 153 had a developmental quotient less than 70, giving a hospital prevalence of 7.0% and a prevalence of 51.7% at the child neurology unit. The mean age was 26.6 ± 18.0 months and there were 56% males. The main reason for consulting was tonus disorder (43.8%) and the developmental area of parental concern was the motor domain (90.2%). Regarding the clinical presentation, 75.2% of our population were children with cerebral palsy. DD was severe, mild, moderate and profound respectively in 14.2%, 13.5%, 12.2%, and 11.1%. Gross DD represented 90.2% of all DD children. The causes of DD were hypoxi

关键词： Developmental Delay Risk Factors Aetiologies hypoxic-ischemic Encephalopathy Children Cameroon