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Effects of the aqueous extract of Schizandra chinensis fruit on ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety in rats

Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第10期127卷 1935-1940页

作者： Wu Yiyan Zhao Zhenglin Yang Yupeng Yang Xudong Eun Young Jang Nathan D Schilaty David M Hedges Sang Chan Kim Il Je Cho Zhao Rongjie Department of Pharmacology Mudanjiang Medical University Mudanjiang Heilongjiang 157011 China Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University HarbinHeilongjiang 150001 China Brigham Young University Provo Utah 84602 USA Research Center for Biomedical Resource of Oriental Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu 706-828 South Korea

Background We previously demonstrated that the aqueous extract of the Schizandra chinensis fruit （AESC） ameliorated Cd-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain through antioxidant activity.In the present study,we investigated the effect of AESC on anxiety-like behavior and the levels of norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol （a metabolite of norepinephrine） in different brain regions during ethanol withdrawal in rats.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 3 g/kg of ethanol （20％,w/v） or saline by daily intraperitoneal injection for 28 days followed by three days of withdrawal.During withdrawal,rats were given AESC （100 mg.kg 1.d-1 or 300 mg.kg 1·d1,P.O.） once a day for three days.Thirty minutes after the final dose of AESC,the anxiogenic response was evaluated using an elevated plus maze,and the plasma corticosterone levels were examined by radioimmunoassay.Meanwhile,the concentrations of norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and hippocampus were also measured by high performance liquid chromatography.Results Rats undergoing ethanol withdrawal exhibited substantial anxiety-like behavior,which was characterized by both the decrease in time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze and the increased level of corticosterone secretion,which were greatly attenuated by doses of AESC in a dose-dependent manner.The high performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed that ethanol withdrawal significantly increased norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus,while not significantly altering them in the hippocampus.Similar to the results from the elevated plus maze test,the AESC significantly inhibited the elevation of norepinephrine and its metabolite in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions These results suggest that AESC attenuates anxiety-like behavior induced by ethanol withdrawal through modulation of the h

关键词： Schizandra chinensis fruit ethanol withdrawal anxiety norepinephrine hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus hippocampus

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Electrical Stimulation of Deep Peroneal Nerve Mimicking Acupuncture Inhibits the Pressor Response via Capsaicin-lnsensitive Afferents in Anesthetized Rats

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第2期18卷 130-136页

作者：孙霞蓝倩倩蔡勇虞燕琴 Department of Basic Medical Science Institute of NeuroscienceZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Physiology Hangzhou Key Laboratory of NeurobiologySchool of Basic MedicineHangzhou Normal University

Objective： To assess the inhibitory modulation of blood pressure by stimulation of the deep peroneal nerve （DPN） and to determine the involvement of nociceptive fibers in the modulation. Methods： All the animals were divided into six groups （A-F）. The rats in groups A and B received no pretreatment. The rats in groups C and D received subcutaneous injection of capsaicin or control vehicle, respectively, near the DPN for 2 days. Those in groups E and F had the DPN exposed to capsaicin or control vehicle, respectively, for 20 min. Subsequently, pressor responses were induced by stimulation of paraventricular nucleus （PVN） either electrically （groups A and C-F） or chemically via injection of glutamate （group B）. After two stable pressor responses （baseline）, all groups were subject to 5-min DPN stimulation followed by PVN stimulation for 10 s. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and electrocardiogram were recorded. The pressor response was calculated as the difference in the mean arterial pressure （MAP） before and after PVN stimulation, and changes from baseline in pressor response after DPN stimulation were compared between the groups. Results： Increases of MAP of 22.88 ＋ 2.18 mm Hg and 20.32 ＋ 5.25 mm Hg were induced by electrical （group A） or chemical （group B） stimulation of the PVN, respectively. These pressor responses were inhibited by stimulation of the DPN, and the MAP was reduced to 12.00 _＋ 2.10 mm Hg in group A （n=6, P〈0.01） and 7.00 ＋ 2.85 mm Hg in group B （n=6, P〈0.01）. Subcutaneous injection of capsaicin （125 mg/kg） near the DPN in group C （n=7） had no effect on the inhibitory effect of DPN stimulation compared with the group D （n=9）, and neither did blockade of nociceptive fibers with capsaicin in group E （n=6） compared with group F （n=8）. Conclusion： Stimulation of the DPN mimicking acupuncture has an inhibitory effect on the pressor response, and the effect is mediated by capsaicin-insensitive afferent fibers in the DPN.

关键词： acupuncture deep peroneal nerve hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus pressor response,capsaicin

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Extra-nuclear Estrogen Receptor GPR30 Regulates Serotonin Function in Rat Hypothalamus

Extra-nuclear Estrogen Receptor GPR30 Regulates Serotonin Fu...

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中医药理论与应用研究——安徽中医药继承与创新博士科技论...

作者：许浩 Nancy A.Muma Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy Clinical College of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineAnhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine2160 South First AvenueMaywoodIllinois 60153

Perimenopausal-symptoms,such as mood disorders and hot flashes,respond to treatment with both estrogens and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors(SSRIs) such as Prozac.Attenuation(i.e.,desensitization) of serotonin 1A(5-HT) receptor signaling may be an underlying mechanism for the therapeutic benefits of estrogens and SSRIs.Estradiol attenuates 5-HT receptor signaling more rapidly than SSRIs.Thus, estradiol or more selective drugs may serve as useful short-term tools to accelerate desensitization of 5-HT receptors to SSRIs if candidate receptor targets are identified.We found high levels of the extranuclear estrogen receptor GPR30 in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) of rats.Double-label immunohistochemistry revealed that GPR30 co-localizes with 5-HT receptors and oxytocin in neurons in the PVN.Previous studies demonstrated that pertussis toxin can block signaling through GPR30 in cells but not 5-HT receptor mediated oxytocin responses in the PVN.Pretreatment with pertussis toxin(PTX) into the PVN before peripheral injections ofβ-estradiol 3-benzoate attenuated (by 40%) the reduction of the oxytocin response to the 5-HT receptor agonist, (+ )-8-hydroxy-2-dipropylaminotetralin(DPAT).Treatment with the selective GRP30 agonist,G-1,induced desensitization of 5-HT receptor signaling in the PVN as measured by an attenuated oxytocin(by 29%) and ACTH(by 31%) response to DPAT.This study demonstrates a role for a newly recognized extra-nuclear estrogen receptor,GPR30, in estradiol-mediated desensitization of 5-HT receptor signaling.

关键词： GPR30 Estrogen receptor Serotonin 1A receptor hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

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