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Effect of hydration film on scanning images of atomic force microscope

Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2006年第1期13卷 92-96页

作者： Changsheng Peng Qingbao Gu Hong Meng Shaoxian Song The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of Educalion Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Bcijing 100012 China School of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Instituto de Metalurgia Universidad Aut6noma de San Luis Potosf Aw Sierra Leona 550 San Luis Potosf C.P. 78210 Mexico

A standard calibration grating was used for image scanning to investigate the effect of hydration films on imaging resolution by Atomic Force Microscope （AFM）. The results showed that the hydration films greatly affect the imaging resolution for the tapping mode, but no evident effect on the contact mode, The possible reasons for the effect of hydration films on scanning images of AFM are also brought forward here.

关键词： hydration film atomic force microscopy image, resolution

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hydration film measurement on mica and coal surfaces using atomic force microscopy and interfacial interactions

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Journal of Central South University 2018年第6期25卷 1295-1305页

作者： XING Yao-wen GUI Xia-huiq CAO Yi-jun School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Chinese National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China ~ Central South University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germanypart of Springer Nature 2018

The hydration film on particle surface plays an important role in bubble-particle adhesion in mineral flotation process. The thicknesses of the hydration films on natural hydrophobic coal and hydrophilic mica surfaces were measured directly by atomic force microscopy （AFM） based on the bending mode of the nominal constant compliance regime in AFM force curve in the present study. Surface and solid-liquid interfacial energies were calculated to explain the forming mechanism of the hydration film and atomic force microscopy data. The results show that there are significant differences in the structure and thickness of hydration films on coal and mica surfaces. hydration film formed on mica surface with the thickness of 22.5 nm. In contrast, the bend was not detected in the nominal constant compliance regime. The van der Waals and polar interactions between both mica and coal and water molecules are characterized by an attractive effect, while the polar attractive free energy between water and mica （-87.36 mN/m） is significantly larger than that between water and coal （-32.89 mN/m）, which leads to a thicker and firmer hydration layer on the mica surface. The interfacial interaction free energy of the coal/water/bubble is greater than that of mica. The polar attractive force is large enough to overcome the repulsive van der Waals force and the low energy barrier of film rupture, achieving coal particle bubble adhesion with a total interfacial free energy of-56.30 mN/m.

关键词： hydration film atomic force microscope surface energy interfacial interaction

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Effects of water salinity and content on particle size distribution and soil strength

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 24-28页

作者： PENG Chang-sheng LOWG Kathleen ZHANG Qian College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Instituto de Metalurgia Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi San Luis Potosi 78210 Mexico Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Berkeley San Jose 95132 USA

The effect of NaCl on soil strength was investigated in this project based on salinity concentrations of 0 g/L, 5 g/L, 20 g/L, and 50 g/L as well as varying water contents of 15%-20%. Laser particle size analyzer was also performed to explain possible effects. From particle size analysis and strength tests, it is hypothesized that the strength of the soil is increased with the addition of certain salinity concentrations until there are reversed effects, which is between 20 g/L and 50 g/L from our study. The increase of strength is suggested to be the affect of a greater variety of particle sizes. Since NaCI plays a role in the particle size distribution, it also plays a role in the strength of soils. The degree of the effect of the water content also differs from concentrations, and could be due to the variation of hydration film thickness on particles, which is affected by the ions introduced from water.

关键词： water salinity water content particle size distribution soil strength hydration film

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