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Treatment of spinal cord injury with biomaterials and stem cell therapy in non-human primates and humans

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 343-353页

作者： Ana Milena Silva Olaya Fernanda Martins Almeida Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Suelen Adriani Marques PhD Program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Biomedical Science Institute Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Graduate Program in Pathological Anatomy(PPGAP/UFRJ) Department of Neurobiology/Institute of BiologyCampus do GragoatáNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of sensory,motor,and autonomic functions,which almost always produces permanent physical disability.Thus,in the search for more effective treatments than those already applied for years,which are not entirely efficient,researches have been able to demonstrate the potential of biological strategies using biomaterials to tissue manufacturing through bioengineering and stem cell therapy as a neuroregenerative approach,seeking to promote neuronal recovery after spinal cord injury.Each of these strategies has been developed and meticulously evaluated in several animal models with the aim of analyzing the potential of interventions for neuronal repair and,consequently,boosting functional recovery.Although the majority of experimental research has been conducted in rodents,there is increasing recognition of the importance,and need,of evaluating the safety and efficacy of these interventions in non-human primates before moving to clinical trials involving therapies potentially promising in humans.This article is a literature review from databases(PubMed,Science Direct,Elsevier,Scielo,Redalyc,Cochrane,and NCBI)from 10 years ago to date,using keywords(spinal cord injury,cell therapy,non-human primates,humans,and bioengineering in spinal cord injury).From 110 retrieved articles,after two selection rounds based on inclusion and exclusion criteria,21 articles were analyzed.Thus,this review arises from the need to recognize the experimental therapeutic advances applied in non-human primates and even humans,aimed at deepening these strategies and identifying the advantages and influence of the results on extrapolation for clinical applicability in humans.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials cell therapy humans non-human primates spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

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Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.Cain Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the scientific literature, the illustrations in this m

关键词： humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

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Serological Survey of Zika Virus in humans and Animals in Dejiang Prefecture, Guizhou Province,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期32卷 875-880页

作者： LI Fan ZHOU Jing Zhu ZHOU Lei FU Shi Hong TIAN Zhen Zao WANG Qi SHAO Nan LI Dan HE Ying LEI Wen Wen TANG Guang Peng LIANG Guo Dong WANG Ding Ming ZHANG Yan Ping WANG Huan Yu NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guiyang 550004China Public Health Emergency Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective The current outbreak of Zika virus(ZIKV)poses a severe threat to human health.Two ZIKV strains were isolated from mosquitoes collected from the Dejiang prefecture in China in 2016,which was the first isolation of ZIKV in nature in China.Methods In this study,serum samples were collected from 366 healthy individuals and 104 animals from Dejiang prefecture in 2017,and the plaque reduction neutralization test(PRNT)was used to evaluate the seroprevalence of ZIKV.Results None of the 366 residents from whom the samples were collected were seropositive for ZIKV.None of the 11 pigs from whom the samples were collected were seropositive for ZIKV,while 1 of 63(1.59%)chickens and 2 of 30(6.67%)sheep were seropositive for ZIKV.Conclusions The extremely low seropositivity rate of ZIKV antibodies in animals in the Dejiang prefecture,Guizhou province in this study indicates that ZIKV can infect animals;however,there is a low risk of ZIKV circulating in the local population.

关键词： Zika Virus Serological survey humans Animals China Plague reduction neutralization test

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Phalloplasty following penectomy for penile cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 460-466页

作者： Wai Gin Lee A.Nim Christopher David J.Ralph University College London Hospital LondonUnited Kingdom St Peter’s Andrology LondonUnited Kingdom

Objective:Penile reconstruction or phalloplasty following penectomy can be offered where the functional penile length is inadequate for a man to void while standing or to have sexual intercourse.Phalloplasty is usually staged due to the complex surgical techniques required.This narrative review describes the technical concepts and summarises the contemporary outcomes following phalloplasty in this challenging cohort.Methods:A retrospective review of the English literature was performed between January 1946 till November 2021.The data were synthesised and complemented by the expert opinion of the authors with 20 years of experience in this field.The flaps are ideally designed with an integrated urethra or alternatively,a further free flap urethroplasty can be offered.Phallo-plasty is further complicated following penectomy by scarring from the previous surgery and the potential loss of structures that would normally be present at the recipient site.Results:There are limited published data with a total of 19 men recorded in the literature.Only the radial artery forearm free flap and anterolateral thigh flap have been described in this cohort of patients.Functional outcomes including standing micturition,sensation in the neo-phallus,and the ability to orgasm are good.Overall quality of life and satisfaction was also good despite the high risk for long-term complications of the neophallus and donor site.Conclusion:Phalloplasty following penectomy requires microsurgical transfer of a free flap or a pedicled flap to reconstruct a neophallus.An erectile device is inserted at a later stage to facilitate sexual intercourse,if desired.Surgical scarring from penectomy and the potential loss of vasculature that would normally be present at the recipient site may further complicate reconstruction.Surgical and functional outcomes are acceptable based on the limited published experience to date.

关键词： humans Male Myocutaneous flap or transplantation Penis or surgery Phalloplasty Reconstructive surgical procedures Retrospective study Surgical flap Thigh or surgery Treatment outcome Urethra or surgery

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Obesity is associated with decreased risk of microscopic colitis in women

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第2期28卷 230-241页

作者： Robert S Sandler Temitope O Keku John T Woosley Dale P Sandler Joseph A Galanko Anne F Peery Department of Medicine University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514-7555United States Department of Medicine University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514-7555United States Department of PathologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27514United States Department of Health and Human Services National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesDurhamNC 27709United States

BACKGROUND Microscopic colitis is a leading cause of diarrhea in the older adults.There is limited information about risk factors.We hypothesized that obesity would be associated with microscopic colitis.AIM To examine the association between obesity and microscopic colitis in men and women undergoing colonoscopy.METHODS We conducted a case-control study at the University of North Carolina Hospitals.We identified and enrolled men and women referred for elective,outpatient colonoscopy for chronic diarrhea.We excluded patients with a past diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.A research pathologist reviewed biopsies on every patient and classified them as microscopic colitis cases or non-microscopic colitis controls.Patients provided information on body weight,height and exposure to medications via structured interviews or Internet based forms.The analysis included 110 patients with microscopic colitis(cases)and 252 nonmicroscopic colitis controls.Multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and 95%confidence intervals.RESULTS Cases were older and more likely than controls to be white race.Study subjects were well educated,but cases were better educated than controls.Cases with microscopic colitis had lower body mass index than controls and reported more weight loss after the onset of diarrhea.Compared to patients who were normal or under-weight,obese(BMI>30 kg/m2)patients were substantially less likely to have microscopic colitis after adjusting for age and education,adjusted OR(aOR)0.35,95%confidence interval(CI)0.18-0.66).When stratified by sex,the association was limited to obese women,aOR 0.21,95%CI:0.10-0.45.Patients with microscopic colitis were more likely to report weight loss after the onset of diarrhea.After stratifying by weight loss,there remained a strong inverse association between obesity and microscopic colitis,aOR 0.33,95%CI:0.10-1.11 among the patients who did not lose weight.Ever use of birth control pills was associated with lower risk of

关键词： Colitis Microscopic/epidemiology humans Diarrhea/epidemiology Obesity

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First-wave COVID-19 daily cases obey gamma law

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第2期7卷 64-74页

作者： Jean Duchesne Olivier A.Coubard Agrocampus Ouest 2 rue Andre Le Notre49000AngersFrance The Neuropsychological Laboratory CNS-Fed240 rue de Rivoli75001ParisFrance

Modelling how a pandemic is spreading over time is a challenging issue.The new coronavirus disease called COVID-19 does not escape this rule as it has embraced over two hundred countries.As for previous pandemics,several studies have attempted to model the occurrence of cases caused by COVID-19.However,no study has succeeded in accurately modelling the impact of the infectious agent.Here we show that COVID-19 daily case distribution in humans obeys a Gamma law,which two new parameters can describe without any adjustment.Though the Gamma law has been exploited for nearly two centuries to describe the statistical distribution of spatial or temporal quantities,the goodness-of-fit rationale using two or three parameters has remained enigmatic.The new Gamma law approach we demonstrate here emerges from actual data and sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of the observed phenomenon.This finding has promising applicability in the epidemiological domain and in all disciplines involving branching systems,for which our Gamma law approach may bring a solution to hitherto unsolved problems.

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemiology Gamma law humans Statistical physics

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IOT Assisted Biomedical Monitoring Sensors for Healthcare in Human

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2853-2868页

作者： S.Periyanayagi V.Nandini K.Basarikodi V.Sumathy Department of ECE Ramco Institute of TechnologyRajapalayam626117India Department of CSE Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India Department of Mathematics Ramco Institute of TechnologyRajapalayamIndia Government College of Engineering DharmapuriIndia

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a concept that refers to the deployment of Internet Protocol(IP)address sensors in health care systems to monitor patients’health.It has the ability to access the Internet and collect data from sensors.Automated decisions are made after evaluating the information of illness people records.Patients’health and well-being can be monitored through IoT medical devices.It is possible to trace the origins of biological,medical equipment and processes.Human reliability is a major concern in user activity and fitness trackers in day-to-day activities.The fundamental challenge is to measure the efficiency of the human system accurately.Aim to maintain tabs on the well-being of humans;this paper recommends the use of wireless body area networks(WBANs)and artificial neural networks(ANN)to create an IoT-based healthcare framework for hospital information systems(IoT-HF-HIS).Our evaluation system uses a server to estimate how much computing power is needed for modeling,and simulations of the framework have been done using data rate and latency requirements are implementing the energy-aware technology presented in this paper.The proposed framework implements several hospital information system case studies by building a time-saving simulation environment.As the world’s population ages,more and more people suffer from physical and emotional ailments.Using the recommended strategy regularly has been proven user-friendly,reliable,and cost-effective,with an overall performance of 95.2%.

关键词： IoT WBANs ANN healthcare biomedical sensors humans

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Drivers of early marriage and teenage pregnancy in Kenya and Uganda during COVID-19 lockdown period:A systematic review

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2022年第4期4卷 202-210页

作者： Brian Barasa MASABA Rose MMUSI-PHETOE Jacklyne Atieno ODHIAMBO Bernard RONO Jane Wamuyu KABO Damaris MORAA Alex RUTTO John Kennedy MOTURI Thomas Ong’ondo NG’AMBWA Damaris OCHANDA Sammy Diana MAWIA Mary KIPMEREWO Samuel OYUGI Stephenie Lydia OJIAMBO Department of Health Studies School of Social SciencesCollege of Human SciencesUniversity of South AfricaPretoriaSouth Africa School of Nursing Great Lakes University of KisumuKisumuKenya Centre of Microbiology Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteKisumuKenya School of Nursing Kibabii UniversityBungomaKenya School of Nursing Kaimosi Friends UniversityKaimosiKenya School of Nursing Midwifery and Paramedical SciencesMasinde Muliro University of Science and TechnologyKakamegaKenya School of Nursing University of EmbuEmbuKenya School of Economics University of NairobiNairobiKenya

The present study aimed to explore the drivers of early marriage and teenage pregnancy in Kenya and Uganda during COVID-19 lockdown period.A systematic review design was adopted.The major online databases utilized were PubMed,Google Scholar,Uganda and Kenya Ministry of Health repositories,ScienceDirect,and Scopus.Studies that were originating from Kenya and Uganda that were publicly available in electronic format published from March 2020 to March 2022 were used.The thematic analysis identified major concepts that were drivers to the present research problem which were as follows:(1)school closure and(2)loss of income by parents.The COVID-19 containment measures introduced in the two countries were noted as major contributing factors.During the pandemic,lockdown led to school closures which meant the teenagers being idle at home with an increased opportunity to indulge in sexual risk behaviors.Schools have been noted to be a safe place protecting this vulnerable population.However,with their prolonged closure,the teenagers were exposed to sexual predators.Parents lost income,and this might have contributed to early marriages and teenagers’dependency on their sexual partners.Based on the reviewed evidence,the present study furthers the advocacy for the reduction of early marriages and teenage pregnancy,especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic era.The study calls upon the governments to intensify efforts toward the present research problem as the COVID-19 pandemic is eroding the earlier gains made within the region.

关键词： Adolescent COVID-19 humans Kenya marriage sexual behavior teenage pregnancy Uganda

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Infection of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>in humans and Livestock Animals: An Emerging Silent Threat for Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2018年第4期8卷 109-117页

作者： Taibur Rahman Atiqur Rahman Sajib Chakraborty Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular, zoonotic protozoan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis. It can potentially infect almost all mammalian and avian hosts including one-third of the human population world-wide. The major target group of the parasite includes immunocompromised patients (e.g. AIDS, cancer, organ transplantation) and fetus bearing pregnant women where it develops toxoplasmic encephalitis, myocarditis, chorioretinitis and abnormal fetal brain development or stillbirths respectively. In this review, we have presented the current status of T. gondii infection in livestock animals and human population in Bangladesh to assess the country-wide relative risk. Although exact prevalence is difficult to predict due to the scarcity of data, nevertheless existing literature suggests that 16% - 39% humans and 8% - 70% domestic animals are infected with T. gondii, which implies Bangladeshi population is at high risk of toxoplasmosis. Furthermore, we have proposed a potential area of research to decipher the genetic diversity and transmission routes of T. gondii infection into Bangladeshi population.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Seroprevalence Livestock Animals humans Bangladesh

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Eye Blink Responses to the Four Basic Taste Stimuli in Healthy Young humans

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第4期3卷 379-384页

作者： Ichiro Ashida Yuko Tamaki Yozo Miyaoka Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata University of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan Department of Health and Nutrition University of Niigata Prefecture Niigata Japan

Taste stimuli can elicit facial responses, and the facial responses may be useful indexes of taste sensations. In this study, we propose that eye blinking is also elicited by taste stimuli and we examined eye blink responses in six healthy young adults. Low and high concentration solutions of the four basic taste qualities (sweetness, saltiness, sourness, and bitterness) and distilled water were delivered via a silicone tube. Facial responses were recorded by a video camera and eye blink responses were identified. The number of eye blinks in the 5 s following stimulation, and the latency and duration of the first eye blink, were quantified. High concentrations of sour and bitter solutions increased the number of eye blinks (195% and 227%, respectively;P P

关键词： Eye Blink Gustofacial Response Taste Adult humans

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