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Ecological constraints on elevational gradients of bird species richness in Tajikistan

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 183-193页

作者： Dilshod Akhrorov Tianlong Cai Gang Song Ping Fan Ahunim Fenitie Abebe Peng He Fumin Lei Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evoluaon Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology and Parasitology Named After Pavlovsky E.N Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Westlake University Department of Biology Faculty of Natural and Computational SciencesAssosa University National Animal Collection Resource Center Insatute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The avifauna in Tajikistan has been widely studied for the last century,but specific work on species richness pattern along elevation gradients in Tajikistan is rarely ***,we reported the first study of bird species richness(BSR)in the high-altitude mountain systems(Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay)of Tajikistan which are very sensitive to the recent climate *** aim to explore the relationship of BSR pattern with elevation gradient and to determine the potential drivers underlying the *** collected occurrence data from field surveys,published articles,and open access websites to compile a list of bird species along elevational gradients across the whole *** BSR was counted by 100 m elevational bands ranging from 294 m to 5146 *** patterns of BSR were calculated separately for five groups:all breeding birds,Passeriformes,Non-Passeriformes,large elevational range species,and small elevational range *** calculated ecological and climatic factors of planimetric area,mid-domain effect(MDE),habitat heterogeneity(HH),mean annual temperature(MAT),temperature annual range(TAR),annual precipitation(AP),normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),human influence index(HII),and human disturbance(HD)in each elevational band.A combination of polynomial regression,Pearson’s correlation,and general least squares model analyses were used to test the effects of these factors on the BSR.A unimodal distribution pattern with a peak at 750-1950 m was observed for all breeding *** similar pattern was explored for Passeriformes and Non-Passeriformes,while species with different elevational range sizes had different shapes and peak *** all the breeding birds and Passeriformes,BSR was significantly related to spatial,climate and human influence factors,while BSR of Non-Passeriformes positively correlated with all the given ***,second and fourth range classes of birds were significantly correlated with human influence factors.M

关键词： Birds Climate Elevational gradients human influence Mountain Species richness Tajikistan

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Spatio-temporal analysis of the human footprint in the Hengduan Mountain region:Assessing the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human impacts

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第7期30卷 1140-1154页

作者： YIN Le DAI Erfu ZHENG Du WANG Yahui MA Liang TONG Miao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Mapping the human footprint(HF)makes it possible to quantify human influence,which has had an unprecedented impact on the global *** five categories of human pressure data,this study mapped the HF of the Hengduan Mountain region and assessed the effectiveness of nature reserves in reducing human *** results showed that the HF of the Hengduan Mountain region was generally higher in the south and lower in the *** HF increased by 11.24%over the past 25 years,with faster growth in the *** HF growth rate in nature reserves was much lower than that across the region,which indicated that nature reserves played an important role in reducing the impact of human pressure.A study of Baimaxueshan nature reserve found that establishing nature reserves could effectively reduce the impact of human activities,and no"leakage"*** growth was an important reason for the increased HF in nature *** development of ecotourism in nature reserves must be based on ecological *** the long-term monitoring,evaluation,and management of nature reserves is a basic requirement for their long-term development.

关键词： human influence human footprint nature reserves effectiveness

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Regeneration and Tree Species Diversity of Sitakund Botanical Garden and Eco-Park,Chittagong,Bangladesh

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 950-958页

作者： Rajasree NINDI Harald VACIK Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences (IFES) Chittagong University Department of Forest and Soil Sciences Institute of Silviculture University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Peter Jordan Str. 82 A-1190 Vienna (Austria)

Anthropogenic disturbances influence plant regeneration and species diversity, which impact the conservation status of protected areas. A study was conducted in the Sitakund Botanical Garden and Eco-park （SBGE）, Chittagong, Bangladesh to analyze the natural regeneration and tree species diversity in disturbed and less disturbed zones. Stratified and systematic random sampling was used to select 50 sample plots from each of the two zones. A total number of 109 plant species from 43 families were recorded in the study; of which 93 species were of natural origin while the rest were planted. From the species with natural origin 66 were tree species, 9 were shrub species and 28 were climbers. Species richness, density of regeneration and disturbance index in the height classes （0- 0.5 m） and {dbh 〉 6 cm） indicated significant differences between the zones. The study analyzed how disturbances affect species diversity in the area. It was found that species richness and basal area are negatively related with disturbances. Moreover, density （N/ha） of trees was more likely to decrease with increasing tree height that reflects the huge demand of local people to harvest large trees as part of their income generating activities. The study findings have implications for future managementdecisions of the SGBE. To restore these ecosystems, management should focus on both biodiversity eonservation and providing benefits to local people without hampering forest ecosystems.

关键词： human influence Species diversity Vegetation structure Regeneration Disturbanceindex

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MASS MOVEMENTS AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT AS A NATURAL HAZARD

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1997年第3期 333-341页

作者： Wolfgang KRON Senior Hydraulic Engineer, Geosciences Research Group, Munich Reinsurance Company, 80791 Munich, Germany

Compared to other natural disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods and volcanic eruptions, events related to the movement of sediment cause fewer deaths and less damage. However, considerable costs abase and numerous people lose their lives every year due to sliding slopes, debris flows, lahars, erosion of embankments, and collapses of bridges. Sediment transport related disasters are not only often caused, triggered or induced by human activities, they also can be reduced or even prevented if they are anticipated through scientific and other investigations, observation of nature, and adequate treatment of artificial deposits and design of structures in rivers.

关键词： landslides sediment transport human influence economic consequences disaster prevention and mitigation

A global network model of the earth＇s health

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International Journal of Technology Management 2013年第3期 124-129页

作者： Lingxiao Li Zhiling Guo Qi Li ChongQing University ChongQing 400044 China

In this paper, the major objective is to build a global dynamic network model to assess the global health condition .First use the PSR model and Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） to calculate the internal health status of some regions, and then establish a global network model which links each region together to figure out the global health status. Finally, taking the human influence into consideration, the degree of the earth＇s health can be figured out in a more accurate way.

关键词： PSR model AHP Global network model human influence