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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第10期19卷 2571-2581页

作者： LI Meng Christopher GAN Wanglin MA Wei JIANG College of Economics Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002P.R.China Department of Financial and Business Systems Faculty of Agribusiness and CommerceLincoln UniversityLincoln 7647ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Global Value Chains and Trade Faculty of Agribusiness and CommerceLincoln UniversityLincoln 7647ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State UniversityPA 16801USA

This study examines the impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions,using survey data collected from low-income regions in *** farmers decide themselves whether to cultivate cash crops,an endogenous treatment regression model that accounts for potential selection bias issue is used to analyze the *** empirical results show that cash crop cultivation exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on household income,but it does not affect household migration decisions *** disaggregated analyses reveal that cash crop cultivation significantly increases farm income but decreases off-farm income.

关键词： cash crop cultivation household income migration decisions endogenous treatment regression model

Rural-urban Migration, Rural household income and Local Geographical Contexts——A Case of Northwestern Guangxi, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2008年第1期18卷 17-23页

作者： YANG Chunyue LU Qi XIE Lishuang Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Central University for Nationalities Beijing 100081 China

This paper aims to examine New Economics of Labor Migration (NELM) in the northwestern Guangxi, China and investigate the relationships among rural-urban migration, rural household income and local geographical contexts. Stratified sampling and typical case study were adopted and 236 questionnaires were collected from four vil- lages, Daxin, Lixin, Longhe and Yongchang. We analyzed the rural-urban migration rate, household income and local geographical factors, focusing on the ratio of remittance income to total household income. Data descriptions and sta- tistical methods, such as Pearson Chi-square test, Contingency coefficient, Eta, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, multiple comparisons (LSD test, Tamhane T2, Dunnett T3 and Dunnet C test) were used. The results are as follows. Rural households’ income is diversified in survey villages so the motivation of rural-urban migration in the study area can be partly explained by NELM. The migration rate of households (the percentage of households with migrants in survey households) in survey villages varies from 50% to 86%, while the proportion of remittance income to house- hold income is in the range of 30% to 80%. In the village of Yongchang, with the least average arable land area per household, the remittance income plays a vital role in household income (80%). And the statistical findings show that the proportion is significantly and negatively correlated with arable land area per household. The conclusion is that di- rect effect of migration, i.e., the contribution of remittance to household income, is negatively correlated with the con- tribution of resources to local income.

关键词： rural-urban migration household income local geographical contexts northwestern Guangxi

Who Lost Most Wages and household income during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poor Rural China?

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China & World Economy 2021年第6期29卷 95-116页

作者： Wenjin Long Junxia Zeng Tongquan Sun College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityChina Institute of Rural Development Chinese Academy of Social SciencesChina

China managed to eliminate all extreme poverty in rural areas in *** households,however,may risk falling back into poverty due to the *** paper examines the impacts of the pandemic on wages and household incomes among different groups in poor areas of rural *** a unique dataset from five poverty-stricken counties,we found that the pandemic has had large negative effects on wage income for migrant workers and workers in manufacturing,the private sector,and small *** with households relying on wage income,households relying on small businesses have suffered much more from the pandemic,whereas households depending on farming or transfer payments have been less *** poor and ethnic minority households lost significant amounts of wage income due to the pandemic,they did not lose more household income than nonpoor and nonminority *** conclude that support from the government has kept vulnerable households from suffering more than other households from the effects of *** findings suggest that the government can play a strong role in alleviating the negative impacts of the COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 household income poverty rural China wage

Assessing the Impact of the Sloping Land Conversion Program on Rural household income in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River,China

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2018年第5期9卷 516-525页

作者： HUANG Jiali ZHAO Hui LIU Yunwei YANG Jianying l.Centre of Mountain Development Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sci-encesChengdu 610041China School of Agricultural Sciences of Xichang College XichangSichuan 615000China Research Institute of Philosophy ＆ Culture Sichuan Academy of Social ScienceChengdu 610072China

One secondary target of the SLCP is poverty reduction. Therefore,the impact of the SLCP on household income is a subject of much research. This study was conducted to determine whether the SLCP has affected incomes of households at different income levels13 years after its implementation. Using survey data from 2012 on rural households＇ livelihoods in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in Sichuan Province and using the non-participating households as a reference,the current impact of the SLCP on household income is calculated with a multiple linear regression model and a quantile regression model. The socio-geographic features of participating and non-participating households are also be compared. The results show no significant differences between the SLCP participating and non-participating households in many socio-demographic characteristics. Participating in the SLCP had no significant impact on household income at all income levels in the study area in 2012. This finding suggests that the SLCP is not currently increasing household income significantly in the study area,and that the implementation plan of the SLCP should be changed in this area in order to achieve its poverty reduction goal.

关键词： Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) household income quantile regression upper reaches of Minjiang River poverty reduction impact

Implication of household’s income Composition on Infrastructure Maintenance in Residential Core of Akure,Nigeria

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Journal of Geographical Research 2021年第1期4卷 28-36页

作者： Owoeye J.O. Olasemojo O.R. Department of Urban and Regional Planning School of Environmental TechnologyFederal University of TechnologyAkure Ondo StateNigeria

This study examines the implication of household income composition on infrastructure maintenance in the residential core of Akure,Nigeria with a view to providing suggestive recommendations that will remedy identified problems in the research *** regards to this,an estimated of 1%research population,amounting to 425,were served with questionnaires using systematic random sampling technique with *** revealed that residents in the study area are low income earners with larger population influenced by market proximity,low prices of staple food items and affordable but tumbledown ***,essential facilities are in poor state owing to poor ***,household income induced variables considered in the study,which accounted for 75.6%of the challenges limiting routine facilities maintenance in the study *** study recommends skill acquisition training,resource collaborative efforts and soft loans scheme to boost the income generation of residents in this locale.

关键词： household income Infrastructure maintenance Concession Residential core Akure

Study on the Influence of the Coordinated Development of Resident income and GDP on Local Economic Development:Take Shandong Province as an Example

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Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 2024年第4期7卷 195-201页

作者： Yamin Sun Guanxian Bureau of Statistics Guanxian 252500Shandong ProvinceChina

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the coordinated development of resident income and GDP has become an important indicator to measure local economic *** to realize the synergistic growth of the two in the new era is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the local *** on the theory of the coordinated development of resident income and GDP,this paper will take Shandong Province as an example to analyze the interaction between resident income growth and GDP,find out the influencing factors that restrict the coordinated development of resident income and GDP,and explore the impact of the coordinated development of resident income and GDP on local economic ***,relevant policies will be *** to effectively increase residents’income,promote the sustainable and healthy development of the local economy,and put forward relevant suggestions to promote the coordinated development of residents’income and GDP.

关键词： household income Gross domestic product Coordinated development Influence mechanism

Non-timber forest products and household incomes in Bonga forest area,southwestern Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第1期25卷 215-223页

作者： Ermias Melaku Zeleke Ewnetu Demel Teketay Bonga Agricultural Research Center Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Botswana College of Agriculture Department of Crop Science and Production

We identified the major non-timber forest products （NTFPs）, their contributions to household incomes, and the determinants influenc-ing engagement of households in using NTFPs in the Bonga forest area of Gimbo and Decha Districts of Kaffa Zone, southwest Ethiopia. Six Kebeles （the lowest administrative unit in Ethiopia） were sampled from two Districts and 150 households were randomly sampled using propor-tional-to-size techniques based on the number of farm households in each Kebele. Secondary data were collected from and focus group discussions were conducted with selected individuals. The farmers diversified liveli-hood activities such as crop and livestock production, collection of NTFPs and off-farm activities. NTFPs played a significant role in household incomes. The contribution from the major NTFPs （forest coffee, honey and spices） accounted for 47% of annual household in-come. The role of NTFPs was influenced by a number of factors. Vari-ables including being native to the area （＋）, total land holding （＋）, pos-session of livestock （＋） and access to extension （＋） significantly affected forest coffee production. Age of household head （-）, land holding （＋） and distance of the market from the residence （-） significantly affected honey production. Size of landholding （＋）, distance to market （-） and distance of the forest from the residence （-） were significant variables determining the NTFP incomes derived by the households. Attention is needed in the design of policies and strategies for the well-being of households to the contribution of NTFPs to local incomes and the variables that affect the collection of NTFPs must be considered.

关键词： Bonga forest determinants of NTFP collection household income livelihood activities NTFPs

Can integrated watershed management reduce soil erosion and improve livelihoods? A study from northern Ethiopia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第3期8卷 266-276页

作者： Kassa Teka Mulu Haftu Madelene Ostwald Christel Cederberg Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle UniversityEthiopia Wukro St.Mary’s Institute WukroTigrayEthiopia Centre for Climate Science and Policy Research Department of Thematic Studies/Environmental ChangeLinköping UniversitySweden Department of Space Earth and EnvironmentPhysical Resource TheoryChalmers University of TechnologySweden

The study aimed at evaluating the impact of integrated watershed management on reducing soil erosion and changes in the livelihoods of rural farming households in *** changes in soil erosion for the years between 2002 and 2015 were estimated using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model,while the impacts on livelihoods were assessed by household *** the study period,the overall average annual soil loss was ***,crop productivity,water availability(irrigation and domestic)and fodder availability increased by 22,33 and 10%,respectively,while an increase in household income(by 56%)was ***,72%of the sampled households were able to cover their 12-month annual expenditure demands in 2015,while only 50%of the households were able to cover these demands in *** can be concluded that the implemented integrated watershed man-agement activities seemingly resulted in reduced soil loss,enhanced vegetation cover,and additional household *** paper also elaborates on the hurdles for integrated watershed management expansion.

关键词： Soil loss Crop productivity Water availability Feed availability household income

Chronic Diseases, Labor Supply and Medical Expenditure at Older Age： Evidence from China

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2013年第2期8卷 233-259页

作者： Chuanchuan Zhang National School of Development Peking University Beijing 100871 China

China has undergone a rapid epidemiological transition from infectious diseases to chronic diseases. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study （CHARLS）, this paper documents the profile of chronic diseases among older Chinese people, estimates the impact of the onset of chronic diseases on the labor supply, and examines the correlation between the prevalence of chronic diseases, a household＇s medical expenditure and the role of health insurance in reducing medical costs. Empirical results show that the prevalence of chronic diseases is extremely high among older Chinese people and increases sharply with age. We find significant negative effects from the onset of chronic diseases on an individual＇s livelihood at work. The estimation results by age and education suggest that the labor supply of the older and more highly educated people is more sensitive to the onset of chronic diseases. We also show that there can be a substantial indirect loss of individual and household income due to the onset of chronic diseases by limiting the labor supply. We find that the prevalence of chronic diseases is significantly associated with higher out-of-pocket medical expenditure. The reduced-form estimation results suggest that people with insurance have lower medical expenditure caused by minor chronic diseases, but this is only the case for women and urban residents. However, health insurance contributes little in reducing medical expenditure caused by major chronic diseases.

关键词： chronic disease labor supply household income medicalexpenditure

Contribution of non-timber forest products to the livelihoods of the forest-dependent communities around the Khadimnagar National Park in northeastern Bangladesh

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Regional Sustainability 2021年第3期2卷 280-295页

作者： Md.Habibur RAHMAN Bishwajit ROY Md.Shahidul ISLAM Laboratory of Tropical Forest Resources and Environments Division of Forest and Biomaterials ScienceGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto606-8502Japan Bangladesh Institute of Social Research Trust LalmatiaDhaka1207Bangladesh Climate Change andSustainable Development Policies Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749-016Portugal Research and Development Cell Bangladesh Knitwear Manufacturers and Exporters AssociationDhaka1000Bangladesh

Non-timber forest products(NTFPs)play a significant role in the improvement of the forest-dependent people’s livelihoodsaround the world,strengthening protection for the sustainable use of *** purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of occupational category-wise(fuelwood collectors,farmers,small-scale businessmen,day labourers,and tea estate labourers)dependencyon NTFPsand the role of NTFPs on household income around the Khadimnagar National Park(KNP)in northeastern *** 2014,178purposively selected respondents from four villages(out of 22 villagesaround the KNP)were interviewed face-to-face using a semi-structured *** study observed that these forest-dependent communities utilized resources of the KNP mainly for domestic energy supply,household income,and house *** showed that income from NTFPs made a significant contribution to family *** data analysis indicated that small-scale businessmen earned relatively more income from NTFPs,followed by tea estate labourersand day *** study revealed significant negative relationships of the distance of households from the forest with the amount of NTFPs collected(Pincome from NTFPs(Pincome from NTFPs and family size(Phouseholds that were moderately to highly dependent on NTFPs collected significantly higher amounts of NTFPs pertrip(Phouseholds that were moderately dependent and less dependent on *** dependence on KNP’sresources,community’sappreciation of the KNP’s ecosystem services for villagers’livelihoods,and community’s high levels of concern for forest conservation provided a foundation

关键词： Forest dependency household income Non-timber forest products Forest sustainability Occupational categories Khadimnagar National Park