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The effects of patch richness on con-specific interference in the parasitoid Ibalia leucospoides （Hymenoptera： Ibaliidae）

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 379-385页

作者： Valeria Fernandez-Arhex Juan Carlos Corley Lab. Ecologia de tnsectos INTA EEA-Bariloche Bariloche Rio Negro Argentina

We experimentally studied con-specific interference in Ibalia leucospoides, a parasitoid of the woodwasp Sirex noctilio, on pine logs containing variable numbers of woodwasp larvae. Competiton occurred when two different-sized female parasitoids foraged on a host patch, and consequently the small female always abandoned the patch. Regardless of host density, con-specific presence did not affect the attack rate, the number of hosts attacked, nor patch residence time by the winner, when compared to a control female that foraged alone. In contrast, con-specific presence reduced patch time and the number of hosts attacked by the loser. Finally patch time （by both） as well as number of hosts attacked （by the winner only） increased with host density per patch. Our results suggest that con-specific presence has different consequences for different-sized females during patch exploitation.

关键词： aggregation direct competition host-parasitoid interactions parasitoid com-petition patch quality Sirex noctilio

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Influence of"protective"symbionts throughout the different steps of an aphid-parasitoid interaction

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Current Zoology 2021年第4期67卷 441-453页

作者： Corentin Sochard Laura Bellec Jean-Christophe Simon Yannick Outreman IGEPP INRAEInstitut AgroUniv Rennes35000RennesFrance IGEPP INRAEInstitut AgroUniv Rennes35650Le RheuFrance

Microbial associates are widespread in insects,some conferring a protection to their hosts against natural enemies like *** protective symbionts may affect the infection success of the parasitoid by modifying behavioral defenses of their hosts,the development success of the parasitoid by conferring a resistance against it or by altering life-history traits of the emerging ***,we assessed the effects of different protective bacterial symbionts on the entire sequence of the host-parasitoid interaction(i.e.,from parasitoid attack to offspring emergence)between the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum,and its main parasitoid,Aphidius ervi and their impacts on the life-history traits of the emerging *** test whether symbiont-mediated phenotypes were general or specific to particular aphid-symbiont associations,we considered several aphid lineages,each harboring a different strain of either Hamiltonella defensa or Regiella insecticola,two protective symbionts commonly found in *** found that symbiont species and strains had a weak effect on the ability of aphids to defend themselves against the parasitic wasps during the attack and a strong effect on aphid resistance against parasitoid *** parasitism resistance was mainly determined by symbionts,their effects on host defensive behaviors varied from one aphid-symbiont association to ***,the symbiotic status of the aphid individuals had no impact on the attack rate of the parasitic wasps,the parasitoid emergence rate from parasitized aphids nor the life-history traits of the emerging ***,no correlations between symbiont effects on the different stages of the host-parasitoid interaction was observed,suggesting no trade-offs or positive associations between symbiont-mediated *** study highlights the need to consider various sequences of the host-parasitoid interaction to better assess the outcomes of protective symbioses and understand the

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum defensive behaviors Hamiltonella defensa host-parasitoid interactions protective symbioses Regiella insecticola

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