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Factors that Affect the Frequency of HIV Testing in College Men Who Have Sex with Men--Northeast China,2017-2018

语言文字学 2024年第2期

作者：張顯成唐強何義軍

常用字“已”的源流有必要予以釐清。通過對出土文獻和傳世文獻中“巳”“已”使用情况的歷時清理，得出結論如下：秦漢魏晉時期｛已｝的記錄形式“已”還未產生，“巳”兼表｛巳｝｛已｝二詞；南北朝時期“已”字產生，但“巳”“已”... 详细信息

常用字“已”的源流有必要予以釐清。通過對出土文獻和傳世文獻中“巳”“已”使用情况的歷時清理，得出結論如下：秦漢魏晉時期｛已｝的記錄形式“已”還未產生，“巳”兼表｛巳｝｛已｝二詞；南北朝時期“已”字產生，但“巳”“已”使用混亂；隋唐至元“巳”“已”繼續混用，同時使用末筆不挑鉤的“巳”“已”記錄｛巳｝的寫法萌芽；明清時期是否“挑鉤”成爲｛巳｝｛已｝記錄形式的主要區分標準；晚清民國時期是否“封口”重新成爲主要的區分標準；1953年版《新華字典》將｛巳｝｛已｝的記錄形式統一爲“巳”“已”，此後逐步得以固化普及。｛已｝記錄形式的產生和最终的規範普及是一個漫長的漢字規範過程。目前對簡帛等出土材料的釋讀應當尊重“巳”“已”二字的歷時關係來處理釋文。

关键词：巳已封口挑鉤漢字規範　　"Si"(巳)and "yi"(已) Encircled hook Orthographic regulation of Chinese characters

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China CDC weekly 2022年第25期4卷 549-553页

作者： Menglong Li Huichao Wu Wen Shu Ziang Li Hongmei Yan Hongtao Hui Hailong Li Zhenhua Yang Sten H.Vermund Yifei Hu Department of Child Adolescent Health and Maternal CareSchool of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina General Management Office Xidan CampusPeking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingChina Department of HIV/STD Prevention and Control Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Heilongjiang Kangtong Community Harbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina School of Computer and Information Engineering Harbin University of CommerceHarbin CityHeilongjiang ProvinceChina Yale School of Public Health Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA.

Summary What is already known about this topic?Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing is a critical tool in reducing HIV transmission among men who have sex with men(MSM);young MSM frequently use mobile phone applic... 详细信息

关键词： Northeast immunodeficiency hook

Robotic Boats Test the Water

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 6-8页

作者： Mitch Leslie Senior Technology Writer

An open-topped, metallic gray boat about the size of a compact car churns across a small harbor in central Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The craft detours around a pier jutting into the harbor and then slows as it approaches a customized dock. Turning sideways, it eases closer and closer until two hooks swing out from its side and latch onto the dock.

关键词： hook closer harbor

hook教授在重庆传染病学组座谈会上的讲话摘要

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重庆医学 1980年第3期 39-40页

作者： hook 罗明仪王敏霓弗吉利亚大学内科教授

一、抗菌互治疗（一）联合用药：在美国抗菌素的联合应用有两种情况：1．用于诊断不明的急性严重感染，因考虑到有各种致病菌的可能，以后再根据细菌培养及结果用药。2．用于有特殊适应症的患者，如感染性心内膜炎，特别是肠球菌所致的... 详细信息

一、抗菌互治疗（一）联合用药：在美国抗菌素的联合应用有两种情况：1．用于诊断不明的急性严重感染，因考虑到有各种致病菌的可能，以后再根据细菌培养及结果用药。2．用于有特殊适应症的患者，如感染性心内膜炎，特别是肠球菌所致的细菌性心内膜炎。然而对此

关键词：青霉素酶联合用药酰胺酶抗菌素 hook 耐药菌株耐药性抗药性伤寒疫苗淋球菌感染肠毒素四环素

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ERRATUM

Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 478-479页

In Guillette and Healy(2019),these erroneous text should be excluded on https://***/10.1111/1749-4877.12316:•Page 205,left column.The text“and are the only non-human species known to craft hooks.Based on a small number of observations,their manufacture of hooked stick tools has previously been described as a complex,multi-stage process.Tool behaviour is shaped by genetic predispositions,individual and social learning,and/or ecological influences,but disentangling the relative contributions of these factors remains a major research challenge.The properties of raw materials are an obvious,but largely overlooked,source of variation in tool-manufacture behaviour.

关键词： hook has shaped

Immunoregulatory effects of Tripterygium wilfordii hook Fand its extracts in clinical practice

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第5期13卷 556-563页

作者： Dan Luo Zhengyun Zuo Hongyan Zhao Yong Tan Cheng Xiao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Changping District Beijing 102200China Institute of Clinical Medicine China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanchang 330004China Experimental Research Center China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100070China Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100070China

Tripterygium wilfordii hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological effects. However, the clinical immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts remain unclear, so we reviewed their effects for use in clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on the immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts in clinical studies. TwHF and its extracts affect the proliferation and activation of T and B cells;ratio of T cell subsets;inflammatory response of monocytes, macrophages, and immunoglobulins;and secretion of many cytokines. Together, these effects dictate immune function in a variety of diseases. TwHF and its extracts can be used alone or in combination with existing therapies against many immune disorders through immunomodulation.

关键词： Tripterygium mlfordii hook F immunoregulation clinical studies

Triptolide, A Potential Autophagy Modulator

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第3期25卷 233-240页

作者： WEI Yan-ming WANG Yong-hui XUE Hui-qing LUAN Zhi-hua LIU Bi-wang REN Jin-hong Experimental Management Centre Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine

As a major active component extracted from traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii hook F, triptolide exhibits multiple pharmacological effects. Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved intracellular catabolic process involved in cytoplasmic materials degradation. Autophagic dysfunction contributes to the pathologies of many human diseases, which makes it a promising therapeutic target. Recent studies have shown that triptolide exerts neuroprotection, anti-tumor activities, organ toxicity, and podocyte protection by modulating autophagy. This article highlights the current information on triptolide-modulated autophagy, analyzes the possible pathways involved, and describes the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis modulated by triptolide, in hope of providing implications for the roles of autophagy in pharmacological effects of triptolide and expanding its novel usage as an autophagy modulator.

关键词： triptolide autophagy apoptosis Tripterygium wilfordii hook F

Novel endoscopic management of buried bumper syndrome in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: The Olympus hook Knife

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6546-6548页

作者： Laura E Wolpert Dominic M Summers Andrew Tsang Department of General Surgery Peterborough City HospitalEdith Cavell Campus

Buried bumper syndrome(BBS) is an uncommon but serious complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. It involves the internal fixation device, or "bumper", migrating into the gastric wall and subsequent mucosal overgrowth. We described a case series of four patients with BBS treated with a novel endoscopic technique using a hook Knife between June 2016 and February 2017. The hook Knife is a rotating L-shaped cutting wire designed for hooking tissue and pulling it away from the gastric wall towards the lumen. The technique was successful in all four cases with no complications. Each patient was discharged on the day of treatment. The hook Knife is a manoeuvrable, safe and effective device for endoscopic removal of buried bumpers and could avoid surgery in a high risk group of patients. To our knowledge this technique has not been described previously. We suggest that this technique should be added to the treatment algorithms for managing BBS.

关键词： Buried bumper syndrome Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy hook Knife

A novel friction stir diffusion bonding process using convex-vortex pin tools

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第13期47卷 23-30页

作者： S.D.Ji Q.Wen Z.W.Li College of Aerospace Engineering Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

In this work,a novel friction stir diffusion bonding(FSDB)method was proposed to eliminate hook when joining thin sheets.Three tools,with several convex-vortex pins were innovatively designed to improve the diffusion bonding effect of the lap interface.Results showed that sound joints,excellently bonded at the lap interface and without hook,were obtained.The lap interfaces on the joints welded using the T-tool and F-tool almost remained intact,thereby indicating that they were formed by diffusion bonding.The material flow behavior was also simulated by FLUENT software and the results showed that the material flow along thickness was significantly enhanced by increasing the pin number.The joint welded by the T-tool showed shear fracture mode.Sound bonding was formed at the lap interface when using the F-tool and thus the joint showed tensile fracture.

关键词： Friction stir diffusion bonding Convex-vortex pin hook Material flow Failure