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The KL system in wheat permits homoeologous crossing over between closely related chromosomes

The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 808-816页

作者： Chaolan Fan Jiangtao Luo Jiaojiao Sun Hong Chen Liqiong Li Lanyue Zhang Xue Chen Yazhou Li Shunzong Ning Zhongwei Yuan Bo Jiang Lianquan Zhang Xuejiao Chen Adam J.Lukaszewski Dengcai Liu Ming Hao State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academic of Agricultural ScienceChengdu 610066SichuanChina

The Chinese wheat landrace Kaixianluohanmai(KL)expresses the ph-like phenotype.A major QTL,QPh.sicau-3A(syn.phKL),responsible for this effect has been mapped to chromosome arm 3AL.This study presents some characteristics of homoeologous pairing and recombination induced by phKL.In KL haploids,the level of homoeologous pairing was elevated relative to Ph1 Chinese Spring(CS)haploids.There was a clear preference for A–D pairing and less frequent for A–B and B–D,reflecting the higher levels of affinity between genomes A and D in wheat.The characteristics of pairing were affected by temperature and magnesium ion supplementation.The suitability of phKL for chromosome engineering was tested on three pairs of homoeologues:2Sv-2B,2Sv-2D,and 2RL-2BL.The recombination rates were 1.68%,0.17%,and 0%,respectively.The phKL locus in KL induced a moderate level of homoeologous chromosome pairing and recombination when the Ph1 locus of wheat was present,both in wheat haploids and hexaploids.The Ph1-imposed criteria for chromosome pairing and crossing over were relaxed to some degree,permitting homoeologous crossing over but only between closely related chromosomes;there was no crossing over between more differentiated chromosomes.Therefore,the phKL system(QPh.sicau-3A)can be a useful tool in chromosome engineering of wheat to transfer genes from closely related species with the benefit of reduced genomic chaos generated by the ph1b mutation.

关键词： ph-like gene phKL homoeologous recombination Homoeology

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Genomic mosaicism due to homoeologous exchange generates extensive phenotypic diversity in nascent allopolyploids

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National Science Review 2021年第5期8卷 23-37页

作者： Ying Wu Fan Lin Yao Zhou Jie Wang Shuai Sun Bin Wang Zhibin Zhang Guo Li Xiuyun Lin Xutong Wang Yue Sun Qianli Dong Chunming Xu Lei Gong Jonathan F.Wendel Zhiwu Zhang Bao Liu Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Department of Crop & Soil Sciences Washington State University Brightseed Inc. Department of Ecology Evolution& Organismal BiologyIowa State University

Allopolyploidy is an important process in plant speciation, yet newly formed allopolyploid species typically suffer from extreme genetic bottlenecks. One escape from this impasse might be homoeologous meiotic pairing, during which homoeologous exchanges(HEs) generate phenotypically variable progeny. However,the immediate genome-wide patterns and resulting phenotypic diversity generated by HEs remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the genome composition of 202 phenotyped euploid segmental allopolyploid individuals from the fourth selfed generation following chromosomal doubling of reciprocal F1 hybrids of crosses between rice subspecies, using whole-genome sequencing. We describe rampant occurrence of HEs that, by overcoming incompatibility or conferring superiority of hetero-cytonuclear interactions, generate extensive and individualized genomic mosaicism across the analyzed tetraploids. We show that the resulting homoeolog copy number alteration in tetraploids affects known-function genes and their complex genetic interactions, in the process creating extraordinary phenotypic diversity at the population level following a single initial hybridization. Our results illuminate the immediate genomic landscapes possible in a tetraploid genomic environment, and underscore HE as an important mechanism that fuels rapid phenotypic diversification accompanying the initial stages of allopolyploid evolution.

关键词： nascent allopolyploidy homoeologous recombination phenotypic diversity plant evolution GWAS dosage effects epistasis

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Diverse transcriptional patterns of homoeologous recombinant transcripts in triploid fish(Cyprinidae)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第9期64卷 1491-1501页

作者： Li Ren Xueyin Zhang Jiaming Li Xiaojing Yan Xin Gao Jialin Cui Chenchen Tang Shaojun Liu State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

homoeologous recombination(HR),the exchange of homoeologous chromosomes,contributes to subgenome adaptation to diverse environments by producing various phenotypes.However,the potential relevance of HR and innate immunity is rarely described in triploid cyprinid fish species.In our study,two allotriploid genotypes(R_(2)C and RC_(2)),whose innate immunity was stronger than their inbred parents(Carassius auratus red var.and Cyprinus carpio L.),were obtained from backcrossing between male allotetraploids of C.auratus red var.×C.carpio L.and females of their two inbred parents,respectively.The work detected 140 HRs shared between the two triploids at the genomic level.Further,transcriptions of 54 homoeologous recombinant genes(HRGs)in R_(2)C and 65 HRGs in RC_(2) were detected using both Illumina and PacBio data.Finally,by comparing expressed recombinant reads to total expressed reads in each of the genes,a range of 0.1%-10% was observed in most of the 99-193 HRGs,of which six recombinant genes were classified as"response to stimulus".These results not only provide a novel way to predict HRs in allopolyploids based on cross prediction at both genomic and transcriptional levels,but also insight into the potential relationship between HRs related to innate immunity and adaptation of the triploids and allotetraploids.

关键词： homoeologous recombination recombinant transcripts triploid innate immunity

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Development and Identification of Triticum aestivum L.-Thinopyrum bessarabicum Lve Chromosome Translocations

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第9期3卷 649-655页

作者： ZHUANGLi-fang QIZeng-jun CHENPei-du FENGYi-gao LIUDa-jun StateKeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandGermplasmEnhancement NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095P.R.China

With assistance of chromosome C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) combinedwith meiotic analysis, five germplasms with homozygous wheat-Th. bessarabicum chromosometranslocations were developed and identified among BC1F5 progenies of the cross betweenT. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring and Chinese Spring-Th. bessarabicum amphiploid. Theselines included Tj01 and Tj02 (2n=44) containing a pair of wheat-Th. bessarabicumtranslocation chromosomes besides a pair of added Th. bessarabicum chromosomes, Tj03(2n=44) with a pair of added interspecific translocation chromosomes, Tj04 (2n=44)containing a pair of interspecific translocation chromosomes besides an added pair ofTh. bessarabicum chromosome arms and Tj05 (2n=46) containing a pair of interspecifictranslocation chromosomes besides two pairs of added intact alien chromosomes. Thebreakpoints of all the translocations were found to be not around centromere. Meanwhile,all the lines showed normal plant growth, development and fertility, while the translocationchromosomes transmitted regularly. The obtained translocations might be of use fortransferring elite genes from Th. bessarabicum into wheat.

关键词： T. aestivum Th. bessarabicum Translocation homoeologous recombination

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