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homeopathy for COVID-19 in primary care:A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial(COVID-Simile study)

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第3期20卷 221-229页

作者： Ubiratan Cardinalli Adler Maristela Schiabel Adler Ana Elisa Madureira Padula Livia Mitchiguian Hotta Amarilysde Toledo Cesar JoséNelson Martins Diniz Helen de Freitas Santos Edson Zangiacomi Martinez Department of Medicine Federal University of São CarlosSão Carlos 13565-905Brazil homeopathy Solidarity Outpatient Extension Program Mackenzie Presbyterian UniversitySão Paulo 01302-907Brazil Municipal Center for Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health Guarulhos 07023-051Brazil HN-Cristiano Institute São Paulo 02013-001Brazil School Health Unit Federal University of São CarlosSao Carlos 13565-905Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of São PauloBirigui 16201-407Brazil Department of Social Medicine Ribeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao Preto 14049-900Brazil

Background:Different homeopathic approaches have been used as supportive care for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases,but none has been tested in a clinical trial.Objectives:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the homeopathic medicine,Natrum muriaticum LM2,for mild cases of COVID-19.Design,setting,participants,and interventions:A randomized,double-blind,two-armed,parallel,singlecenter,placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted from June 2020 to April 2021 in S?o-Carlos,Brazil.Participants aged>18 years,with influenza-like symptoms and positive result from a real-time polymerase chain reaction test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 were recruited and randomized(1:1)into two groups that received different treatments during a period of at-homeisolation.One group received the homeopathic medicine Natrum muriaticum,prepared with the second degree of the fifty-millesimal dynamization(LM2;Natrum muriaticum LM2),while the other group received a placebo.Outcome measures:The primary endpoint was time until recovery from COVID-19 influenza-like symptoms.Secondary measures included a survival analysis of the number and severity of COVID-19 symptoms(influenza-like symptoms plus anosmia and ageusia)from a symptom grading scale that was informed by the participant,hospital admissions,and adverse events.Kaplan-Meier curves were used to estimate time-to-event(survival)measures.Results:Data from 86 participants were analyzed(homeopathy,n=42;placebo,n=44).There was no difference in time to recovery between two groups among participants who were reporting influenzalike symptoms at the beginning of monitoring(homeopathy,n=41;placebo,n=41;P=0.56),nor in a sub-group that had at least 5 moderate to severe influenza-like symptoms at the beginning of monitoring(homeopathy,n=15;placebo,n=17;P=0.06).Secondary outcomes indicated that a 50%reduction in symptom score was achieved significantly earlier in the homeopathy group(homeopathy,n=24;placebo,n=25;P=0.04),among the participants with a basal symptom s

关键词： homeopathy COVID-19 Primary care Natrum muriaticum Randomized controlled trial

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Double-blind evaluation of homeopathy on cocaine craving：a randomized controlled pilot study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第3期16卷 178-184页

作者： Ubiratan Cardinalli Adler Ana Carolina Acorinte Fernando Oliveira Calzavara Adriano André da Silva Amarilys de Toledo Cesar Maristela Schiabel Adler Edson Zangiacomi Martinez José Carlos Fernandes Galduróz Department of Medicine Federal University of Sao Carlos Washington Luiz 235 Sao Carlos Sao Paulo 13565-905 Brazil Psychosocial Attention Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs Sao Sebastiao 3002 Soo Carlos Sao Paulo 13560-230 Brazil HN Cristiano Homeopathic Laboratory and Pharmacy Dr. Cesar 212 Sao Paulo Sao Paulo 02013-001 Brazil Department of Social Medicine Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Bandeirantes 3900. Ribeirao Preto Sao Paulo 14049-900 Brazi Department of Psychobiology Federal University of Sao Paulo Napoleao de Barros 925 Sao Paulo SP 04024-002 Brazil

Background： Brazil is among the nations with the greatest rates of annual cocaine usage. Pharmacological treatment of cocaine addiction is still limited, opening space for nonconventional interventions.Homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and Erythroxylum coca have been tested in the integrative treatment of cocaine craving among homeless addicts, but this setting had not proven feasible, due to insufficient recruitment.Objective： This study investigates the effectiveness and tolerability of homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and E. coca in the integrative treatment of cocaine craving in a community-based psychosocial rehabilitation setting.Design, setting, participants, and interventions： A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallelgroup, eight-week pilot trial was performed at the Psychosocial Attention Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs（CAPS-AD）, Sao Carlos/SP, Brazil. Eligible subjects included CAPS-AD patients between 18 and 65 years of age, with an International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnosis of cocaine dependence（F14.2）. The patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups： psychosocial rehabilitation plus homeopathic Q-potencies of opium and E. coca（homeopathy group）, and psychosocial rehabilitation plus indistinguishable placebo（placebo group）.Main outcome measures： The main outcome measure was the percentage of cocaine-using days. Secondary measures were the Minnesota Cocaine Craving Scale and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey scores.Adverse events were reported in both groups.Results： The study population comprised 54 patients who attended at least one post-baseline assessment,out of the 104 subjects initially enrolled. The mean percentage of cocaine-using days in the homeopathy group was 18.1%（standard deviation（SD）： 22.3%）, compared to 29.8%（SD： 30.6%） in the placebo group（P 〈0.01）. Analysis of the Minnesota Cocaine Craving Scale scores showed no between-group differences in the intensity of cravings, but results significantly favored homeopathy over placebo in the proportion of

关键词： homeopathy Cocaine-related disorders Clinical trial Opium Erythroxylum coca

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Apoptotic and autophagic death union by Thuja occidentalis homeopathic drug in cervical cancer cells with thujone as the bioactive principle

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期20卷 463-472页

作者： Asmita Pal Sucharita Das Soumalee Basu Rita Kundu Department of Botany University of CalcuttaKolkataWest Bengal 700019India Department of Microbiology University of CalcuttaKolkataWest Bengal 700019India

Objective‘Multi-targeting’drugs can prove fruitful to combat drug-resistance of multifactorial disease—cervical cancer.This study envisioned to reveal if Thuja homeopathic mother tincture(MT)and its bioactive component could combat human papillomavirus(HPV)-16-infected SiHa cervical cancer cells since it is globally acclaimed for HPV-mediated warts.Methods Thuja MT was studied for its antiproliferative and antimigratory properties in SiHa cells followed by microscopic determination of reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation by 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(DCFDA)staining and loss in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)by rhodamine(Rh)123 staining.Apoptosis and autophagy inductions were studied by acridine orange(AO)ethidium bromide(EB)staining and immunoblot analyses of marker proteins.The bioactive component of Thuja MT detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was studied for antiproliferative and antimigratory properties along with in silico prediction of its cellular targets by molecular docking and oral drug forming competency.Results Thuja MT showed significant antiproliferative and antimigratory potential in SiHa cells at a 50%inhibitory concentration(IC50)dosage of 17.3μL/mL.An increase in DCFDA fluorescence and loss in Rh123 fluorescence prove that Thuja MT acted through the burst of ROS and loss in MMP respectively.AO/EB-stained cells under the microscope and immunoblot analyses supported Thuja-induced cellular demise via dual pathways—apoptosis and autophagy.Immunoblots showed cleavage of caspase-3 and poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase-1(PARP-1)along with upregulation of Beclin-1,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B(LC3B)-II,and p62 proteins.Hence,the apoptotic cascade followed a caspase-3-dependent pathway supported by PARP-1 cleavage,while autophagic death was Beclin-1-dependent and mediated by accumulation of LC3BII and p62 proteins.Thujone,detected as the bioactive principle of Thuja MT showed greater anti-proliferative and anti-migratory potential at an IC

关键词： Thuja homeopathy Thujone Cervical cancer Apoptosis-autophagy crosstalk

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A new explanation to homeopathy-analysis of the principles of homeopathy

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TMR Theory and Hypothesis 2020年第3期3卷 353-361页

作者： Dipangkar Deb Rampur Selimnagar(3301)BahubalHabiganjBangladesh

homeopathy is approximately two hundred and fifty years old medical system.In homeopathy,extremely small dose of original substances is used to treat diseases that produce similar symptoms of the disease.Therefore,two principles of homeopathy are the law of similars and the law of minute dose.Hahnemann proposed that similar symptoms produced by remedies occupy the space of the disease.Reaction or withdrawal effect of the remedy goes against the symptoms of the disease and thus the disease is cured.Although similar substances are used to treat diseases,some substances produce both similar and opposite symptoms of the disease.Again many substances used in minute dose previously exist in the body as large doses.The other principles of homeopathy are the law of chronic diseases and the law of vital force.Hahnemann considered psora or scabies like syphilis.Like syphilis,he considered skin symptoms as primary symptoms and chronic diseases as secondary symptoms.On the other hand,high potency homeopathic remedies do not contain any original substance to produce a reaction or withdrawal effect and'vital force'theory has been refuted in modern science.Therefore these two principles have limitations too.Hahnemann proposed that water is able to retain the memory of the original substance.Modern observers suggest that water can form nanoparticles like original substances.But there is no strong proof that nanoparticles are found in bloodstream or breast milk.To explain homeopathy these limitations should be amended.

关键词： Limitations principles homeopathy

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A new explanation to homeopathy:analysis of the pharmacological property of homeopathic remedies

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TMR Theory and Hypothesis 2021年第1期4卷 445-454页

作者： Dipangkar Deb Rampur Selimnagar(3301)BahubalHabiganjBangladesh

Although the biological system is a combination of different chemical processes,many of the mechanisms can not be explained by general chemical processes.Therefore,as a driving force of biological system,a distinct entity called'vital force'can be imagined.But this is not essential to explain homeopathy.From the analysis of different phenomena it apparent that biological system has a tendency to maintain a balanced state.Such a good example is catch-up growth.A stimulus is required to disrupt the balance.This stimulus must enter the body from outside or in case of disease it must arise from within inside.This is the primary stimulus.Infection,chronic poisoning,etc.help the expression of the internal stimulus.These are secondary stimulus.The active dose of similar drug acts on the terminal site of the disease process.This causes the actual reversal of the disease process.Allopathic dissimilar drugs act on different stages of the disease process and alter the course of the disease process.The effect of allopathic drugs does not destroy the effect of disease and compete with the effect of the disease.Potentized homeopathic remedies neutralize the effect of disease but do not alter the course of the disease.As a result,either symptoms of the disease are neutralized or the disease process is accelerated.Different other phenomena support that the property of the potentized remedy is not similar to the original substance.It is a new property which is negative pharmacological property.

关键词： homeopathy Biological system Pharmacological property Homeopathic remedies

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Medicine has always been "Modern" and "Scientific" from ancient times to the present day

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 229-237页

作者： Mikhail Teppone Bionion Sdn Bhd 1 Jalan Sungai Jeluh Bhmed INC PTE.LTD.

Throughout human history, doctors and healers have gathered and refined the knowledge inherited from the previous generations. Different methods of effective therapy have been designed during various historical periods;when each was developed, it was considered "modern scientific medicine" for their time. Mankind has gone through natural and social disasters and survived;hence, history has proved there was no time when medical knowledge was eironeous or ineffective. Classic medicine has grown to be divided into narrow, specialized branches, causing it to lose its holistic approach and general view on health, sickness and therapeutic methods. Many of traditional medicine's effective methods have been forgotten and removed from the mainstream medicine. It would be good for modern medical education to incorporate the general knowledge of historically effective therapeutic modalities and study practical cases. Medical students should be taught how to choose a "good method" or "good medicine" independent of when that method or remedy was discovered. However, he has to keep in mind the primary goal of medicine:"I will use treatment to help the sick according to my ability and judgment..."(from Hippocratic Oath).

关键词： Integrative medicine Alternative medicine Traditional Chinese medicine homeopathy Cellular therapy

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Effects of homoeopathic ultrahigh dilutions of Aconitum napellus on Baker＇s yeast-induced fever in rabbits

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第3期15卷 209-213页

作者： Saeed Ahmad Tayyeba Rehman Waheed Mumtaz Abbasi Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy and Altemative Medicine The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan University College 'of Conventional Medicine Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur 63100 Pakistan

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the effects of homoeopathic ultrahigh dilutions of Aconitum napellus in Baker＇s yeast-induced fever in rabbits. METHODS： Rabbits were divided into 4 groups and each group contained 6 rabbits. Baker＇s yeast suspension （20%） was injected subcutaneously. After fever induction, paracetamol and homoeopathic ultrahigh dilutions （A. nape//us 200c and 1 000c） were given orally. Rectal temperature was measured with digital thermometer hourly. RESULTS： Fever was induced in all the rabbits after 4 hours of Baker＇s yeast administration. A. nape//us 200c and 1000c significantly reduced the temperature （P 〈 0.05）. In positive control, temperature decrease was more significant （P 〈 0.001 ）. CONCLUSION： The above findings indicate the effectiveness of ultrahigh dilutions ofA. nape//us in Baker＇s yeast-induced fever in rabbits. However, the effects were slower and less significant than standard medicine Moreover, future research is required to know their mechanism of reducing temperature.

关键词： Aconitum napellus antipyretic homeopathy ultrahigh dilutions

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COVID-19 rhapsody:Rage towards advanced diagnostics and therapeutic strategy

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第5期11卷 529-540页

作者： Koel Sinha Sutapa Som Chaudhury Pramita Sharma Bhuban Ruidas Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology Indian Institute of Engineering Science TechnologyShibpurHowrah711103India Department of Zoology Hooghly Mohsin College Affiliated to University of BurdwanHooghly712101India

The deadly global outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)has forged an unrivaled threat to human civilization.Contemplating its profuse impact,initial risk management and therapies are needed,as well as rapid detection strategies alongside treatments with existing drugs or traditional treatments to provide better clinical support for critical patients.Conventional detection techniques have been considered but do not sufficiently meet the current challenges of effective COVID-19 diagnosis.Therefore,several modern techniques including point-of-care diagnosis with a biosensor,clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated proteins that function as nuclease(Cas)technology,next-generation sequencing,serological,digital,and imaging approaches have delivered improved and noteworthy success compared to that using traditional strategies.Conventional drug treatment,plasma therapy,and vaccine development are also ongoing.However,alternative medicines including Ayurveda,herbal drugs,homeopathy,and Unani have also been enlisted as prominent treatment strategies for developing herd immunity and physical defenses against COVID-19.All considered,this review can help develop rapid and simplified diagnostic strategies,as well as advanced evidencebased modern therapeutic approaches that will aid in combating the global pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Ayurveda Herd immunity homeopathy

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Homeopathic potencies of Arnica montana L. change gene expression in a Tamm-Horsfall protein-1 cell line in vitro model: the role of ethanol as a possible confounder and statistical bias

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第4期15卷 255-264页

作者： Salvatore Chirumbolo Geir Bj?rklund Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences University of Verona Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine

Marzotto et al. showed that homeopathic preparations of Amica montana L. acted directly on gene expression of Tamm-Horsfall protein- 1 （THP-1） monocyte/macrophage cell lines activated with phorbol 12-mydstate 13- acetate and interleukin-4 （IL-4）. A. montana homeopathic dilutions are used in complementary and alternative medicine to treat inflammation disorders and post-traumatic events as well as for wound repair. The French Pharmacopoeia of these remedies uses 0.3% ethanol in each centesimal dilution. In this paper, we discuss how ethanol-containing A. montana homeopathic centesimal dilutions can change gene expression in IL-4- treated monocyte/macrophage THP-I. We assessed the role of ethanol in the Arnica homeopathic dilutions containing this alcohol by investigating its action on gene expression of THP-1 cell. Evidence would strongly suggest that the presence of ethanol in these remedies might play a fundamental role in the dilutions ability to affect gene expression, particularly for doses from 5c to 15c. Where, rather than playing a major role in the mesoscopic structure of water, the ethanol might have a chemical-physical role in the induction of THP-1 gene expression, apoptosis, and deoxyribonucleic acid function. This evidence generates a debate about the suggestion that the use of a binary-mixed solvent in homeopathic chemistry, used by Hahnemann since 1810, may be fundamental to explain the activity of homeopathy on cell models.

关键词： Arnica homeopathy bias statistics gene expression Tamm-Horsfall protein cell line

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Medicine prescription practices of homeopathic undergraduate students in West Bengal,India

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2014年第1期12卷 7-12页

作者： Subhranil Saha Munmun Koley Jogendra Singh Arya Gurudev Choubey Shubhamoy Ghosh Subhasish Ganguly Aloke Ghosh Sangita Saha Malay Mundle Clinical Research Unit(homeopathy) Siliguri 734006DarjeelingWest BengalIndia under Central Council for Research in homeopathy Government of India Department of Pathology and Microbiology Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital Department of Organon of Medicine and Homeopathic Philosophy D N De Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital Department of Organon of Medicine and Homeopathic Philosophy Midnapore Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital Department of Organon of Medicine and Homeopathic Philosophy Calcutta Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital Department of Community Medicine Medical College of Kolkata

OBJECTIVE： To our knowledge, prescription of homeopathic medicines by homeopathic undergraduate students has not been studied before though it may possess serious implications. We aimed to determine the practice and attitudes of prescription by homeopathic undergraduate students. METHODS： A cross-sectional study was carried out involving all the students from four government homeopathic schools of West Bengal, India. Ethical requirements were ensured and data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Chi-square tests and logistic univariate regression analyses were performed to identify associations and differences. RESULTS： A total of 328 forms were completed. Of these, 264 （80.5%） homeopathic undergraduate students admitted of prescribing medicines independently and most （40.5%） said that they did this 2-3 times a year. The most common reasons for this were ＇urgency of the problem＇（35.2%）, ＇previous experience with same kind of illness＇（31.8%）, and ＇the problem too trivial to go to a doctor＇（25.8%）. About 63.4% of the students thought that it was alright to independently diagnose an illness while 51.2% thought that it was alright for them to prescribe medicines to others. Common conditions encountered were fever, indigestion, and injury. Students who prescribed medicines were more likely to belong to Calcutta Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital （odds ratio = 5.8; 95% confidence interval 2.247-14.972）. Prescription by students gradually increased with academic years of homeopathic schools. Many students thought it was alright for students to diagnose and treat illnesses. CONCLUSION： Prescription of medicines by homeopathic undergraduate students is quite rampant and corrective measures are warranted.

关键词： homeopathy education, medical, undergraduate India prescriptions, drug practice, institutional drug use, irrational

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