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Multi-hazard performance assessment of a transfer-plate high-rise building

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2007年第4期6卷 371-382页

作者： Xiangming Zhou 徐幼麟 Department of Civil Engineering School of Engineering University of Greenwich at Medway United Kingdom Department of Civil and Structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Many urban areas are located in regions of moderate seismicity and are subjected to strong wind. buildings in these regions are often designed without seismic provisions. As a result, in the event of an earthquake, the potential for damage and loss of lives may not be known. In this paper, the performance of a typical high-rise building with a thick transfer plate （TP）, which is one type of building structure commonly found in Hong Kong, is assessed against both earthquake and wind hazards. Seismic- and wind-resistant performance objectives are first reviewed based on relevant codes and design guidelines for high-rise buildings. After a brief introduction of wind-resistant design of the building, various methodologies, including equivalent static load analysis （ESLA）, response spectrum analysis （RSA）, pushover analysis （POA）, linear and nonlinear time-history analysis （LTHA and NTHA）, are employed to assess the seismic performance of the building when subjected to frequent earthquakes, design based earthquakes and maximum credible earthquakes. The effects of design wind and seismic action with a common 50-year return period are also compared. The results indicate that most performance objectives can be satisfied by the building, but there are some objectives, such as inter-story drift ratio, that cannot be achieved when subjected to the frequent earthquakes. It is concluded that in addition to wind, seismic action may need to be explicitly considered in the design of buildings in regions of moderate seismicity.

关键词： multi-hazard performance-based design seismic moderate seismicity wind pushover analysis transferplate high-rise building

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Numerical investigation on the drag reduction properties of a suction controlled high-rise building

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2010年第7期11卷 477-487页

作者： Chao-rong ZHENG Yao-chun ZHANG School of Civil Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

To reduce the wind-induced drag and improve the wind-resistance performance of a high-rise building, steady suction control is introduced into the building structure. Based on validation of the numerical methods by experiment with suction control over the flow separation of a 3D backward-facing step, the Reynolds stress equation model is used to investigate the drag reduction (DR) properties of a high-rise building whose side faces are controlled by all-height suction. Effects of the orifice geometrical parameters and suction flux parameters on the DR and the separation control are analyzed, and the detailed flow fields are shown to clarify the mechanism of suction control. The results indicate that suction control is very effective in reducing the wind loads on the high-rise building model, and only the dimensionless suction flux dominates. Lastly, the power consumed and the counterforce induced by suction are discussed, the suction models become the "zero-drag" model under certain suction angles.

关键词： high-rise building Numerical simulation Suction control Drag reduction (DR) Power Mechanism analysis

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A novel control strategy for reproducing the floor motions of high-rise buildings by earthquake-simulating shake tables

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Earthquake Research Advances 2024年第1期4卷 67-75页

作者： Yuteng Cao Zhe Qu Xiaodong Ji Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin150080China Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin150080China Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Safety and Durability of China Education Ministry Department of Civil EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

To enable the experimental assessment of the seismic performance of full-scale nonstructural elements with multiple engineering parameters(EDPs),a three-layer testbed named Nonstructural Element Simulator on Shake Table(NEST)has been developed.The testbed consists of three consecutive floors of steel structure.The bottom two floors provide a space to accommodate a full-scale room.To fully explore the flexibility of NEST,we propose a novel control strategy to generate the required shake table input time histories for the testbed to track the target floor motions of the buildings of interest with high accuracy.The control strategy contains two parts:an inverse dynamic compensation via simulation of feedback control systems(IDCS)algorithm and an offline iteration procedure based on a refined nonlinear numerical model of the testbed.The key aspects of the control strategy were introduced in this paper.Experimental tests were conducted to simulate the seismic responses of a full-scale office room on the 21^(st)floor of a 42-story high-rise building.The test results show that the proposed control strategy can reproduce the target floor motions of the building of interest with less than 20%errors within the specified frequency range.

关键词： Shake table test Nonstructural element high-rise building Open-loop IDCS algorithm Off-line iteration

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Simulation on spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft for a high-rise building

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2014年第3期4卷 80-85页

作者： Yunchun Xia School of Civil Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University

Spread of fire smoke in the elevator shaft of a high-rise building is influ- enced by many driving facts. We simulate smoke spreading in the elevator shaft, stair room, and pre-chamber with and without different supplied pressurized air. The simulation shows that smoke moves very fast in the elevator shaft. When a 12 floor high-rise building is in fire, smoke can fill up the elevator shaft in less than 1.5 min after a fire started, temperature in the elevator shaft can be higher than 187℃ in 5 rain, and the concentration of CO can also reach a high level. The elevator shaft has a very low visibility in less than about 100 s.

关键词： high-rise building elevator shaft stair room smoke spread

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A Contribution to Analysis of Collapse of high-rise building Inspired by the Collapses of WTC1 and WTC2: Derivation of Simple Formulas for Collapse Upper Speed and Acceleration

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2018年第12期6卷 2666-2680页

作者： Ivan Nemec Miroslav Trcala JiríVala Adéla Vanecková Faculty of Civil Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrnoCzech Republic FEM Consulting BrnoCzech Republic

The paper is a contribution to the technical discussion concerning the collapses of the WTC buildings. It returns to the problem of the dynamics of the collapses;it does not concern the reason why the buildings started collapsing, but investigates the dynamics of the collapse itself. It works with the same assumptions as the official NIST report [1], i.e. that the falling mass hits the motionless mass beneath;the supporting columns loose stability and the mass of the pertinent floor starts to fall together with the falling mass. The aim was to derive the theoretical upper limit of the speed of the collapse, supposing that influence of the columns which resist the fall, is neglected. The differential equation of the fall was obtained using two independent laws of mechanics, with the identical result. Its solution can be found from a very simple explicit formula. The theoretical upper limit acceleration of the fall obtained by such formula is one third of the gravitational acceleration, which is faster than it was observed in the case of the collapses of WTC1 and WTC2. This leads to the conclusion that the mechanism of the collapse must be different from the assumed and the falling mass must not hit the motionless mass bellow it, but rather a mass which had started to fall before the impact of the falling mass occurred.

关键词： Progressive Collapse WTC high-rise building Equation of Motion Upper Limit Acceleration 9/11

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Research on Deformation Control Indicators and Standard of Urban Traffic Tunnel Construction Adjacent to high-rise building

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2020年第6期4卷 24-30页

作者： Bo Shi Kun Wang Ke Li China Merchants Chongqing Communications Technology Research&Design Institute CO .LTD.Chongqing 400067China National Engineering Laboratory for highway Tunnel Construction Technology Chongqing 400067China

The biggest environmental problem caused by the construction of tunnels adjacent to high-rise buildings is the settlement of buildings.The paper analyzes the influence of tunnel excavation on the deformation of the superstructure and the deformation mode of the superstructure.It introduces the indicators and standards for the construction control of tunnel adjacent to the building at home and abroad.Combined with the Yuzhong tunnel project under construction in Chongqing,the main monitoring indicators and control standards of the Yuzhong Tunnel passing through the main buildings are given after comprehensive analysis and considerations,which provide a reference for the deformation control indicators of similar urban traffic tunnels adjacent to high-rise buildings.

关键词： Deformation Control Indicators Urban Traffic Tunnel Construction high-rise building

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Analysis of COVID-19 clusters involving vertical transmission in residential buildings in Hong Kong region

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building Simulation 2023年第5期16卷 701-711页

作者： Pengcheng Zhao Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Multiple clusters of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Hong Kong have involved vertical transmissions in residential buildings,wherein the flats of confirmed cases were often vertically aligned.Data on the buildings and cases associated with 19 such clusters were retrieved and compared with the corresponding data on the entirety of Hong Kong region.Vertical transmissions usually occurred in old high-rise buildings with small flat areas and low estate prices during winter.In addition,infection occurred frequently among the elderly and among upstairs neighbours of index cases.Virus-laden aerosols may have been transmitted between flats mostly via shared drainpipes,and the vertical distribution of the confirmed cases in a building varied by its drainage system design.For buildings with their entire drainpipes installed indoors,both the upstairs and downstairs neighbours of the index case flats could be infected.By comparison,buildings with their drainage stacks installed outdoors had lower infection risks and demonstrated a clearer pattern of vertical transmission:most infected cases resided upstairs from the index case flats,indicating that the virus spread could be dominated by the stack effect.This study provides valuable data and analysis for developing epidemic control strategies for residential buildings.

关键词： drainage system high-rise building infection SARS-CoV-2 stack effect ventilation

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Seismic design and analysis of a high-rise self-centering wallbuilding:Case study

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 1690-1706页

作者： Ying ZHOU Rui WANG Yiqiu LU State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Post-tensioning self-centering walls are a well-developed and resilient technology.However,despite extensive research,the application of this technology has previously been limited to low-rise buildings.A ten-story selfcentering wall building has now been designed and constructed using the state-of-art design methodologies and construction detailing,as described in this paper.The building is designed in accordance with direct displacement-based design methodology,with modification of seismic demand due to relevant issues including higher-mode effects,second order effects,torsional effects,and flexural deformation of wall panels.Wall sections are designed with external energydissipating devices of steel dampers,and seismic performance of such designed self-centering walls is evaluated through numerical simulation.It is the first engineering project that uses self-centering walls in a high-rise building.The seismic design procedure of such a high-rise building,using self-centering wall structures,is comprehensively reviewed in this work,and additional proposals are put forward.Description of construction detailing,including slotted beams,flexible wall-to-floor connections,embedded beams,and damper installation,is provided.The demonstration project promotes the concept of seismic resilient structures and contributes to the most appealing city planning strategy of resilient cities at present.The paper could be a reference for industry engineers to promote the self-centering wall systems worldwide.

关键词： self-centering wall post-tensioned precast concrete wall seismic resilient structure high-rise building seismic design engineering practice

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Numerical simulation of land subsidence caused by high-rise building,applied in Tanggu,China

Numerical simulation of land subsidence caused by high-rise ...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）...

作者： Fengshan Ma~a,Aihua Wei~b,Demin Ding~c,Jie Guo~d Key laboratory of engineering geomechanics,Institute of geology and geophysics,China Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,P R China

Ground subsidence is aggravated and becomes a prominent phenomenon recently in Tanggu,China.The subsidence reached its most critic state because of intensive water over-extraction in 1980s.Thereafter,over-draft withdraw of groundwater has been strictly controlled.Consequently,the rate of settlement decreased in the subsequent period.However,in recent year,ground subsidence becomes a prominent hazard again in some high-rise building areas.GPS-based monitoring data indicated new cone of depression has been formed.After detail investigation and analysis,it was thought that the appearance of the new subsidence center is the direct consequence of the construction of high-rise building.In this study,based on acquired monitoring data of subsidence,a special software package of Adina computer programs was applied in this study and analysis of the mechanism of subsidence induced by buildings.The results indicate that this method is useful to manage the land subsidence problem to high-rise building group.

关键词： Ground subsidence high-rise building Adina

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Strain Detection System for high-rise building Pile Foundation Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor

Strain Detection System for High-rise Building Pile Foundati...

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第40届中国控制会议

作者： Danjiang Chen Zhenyi Zhang Yutian Liu College of Information and Intelligence Engineering Zhejiang Wanli University ZheJiang Sinobloom Controls Co. Ltd

The health of the pile foundation of a high-rise building is related to the safety of the entire building and even the life safety of personnel.Therefore,it is very necessary to carry out strain detection for the pile foundation.In order to solve the shortcomings of traditional detection methods,a strain detection method based on distributed optical fiber sensors is proposed.When light propagates in an optical fiber,Brillouin scattering will occur.In addition,temperature and fiber strain will cause linear movement of the Brillouin frequency.Based on the above principles,a strain detection system is designed,which uses optical time domain reflection（OTDR） technology to measure and monitor the spatial distribution and time-varying information along the optical fiber transmission path.Based on the system,strain monitoring was performed on two pressure-bearing piles of a high-rise building,and the detection data were analyzed.The results verified the effectiveness of the system.

关键词： Distributed optical fiber sensor Brillouin scattering high-rise building pile foundation strain detection

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