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A study on IP-based hierarchical routing strategy in network simulation

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High Technology Letters 2017年第2期23卷 156-164页

作者：闫健恩 Zhang Zhaoxin Shen Yinghong School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 P. R. China

The intrinsic routing policy of NS2—a network simulation tool— based on flat or hierarchical address has the disadvantage such as small topology scale,high resource consumption,low efficiency and so *** paper proposes an IP based hierarchical routing strategy in network simulation to extend the topology scale and improve performance in ***,a stratification mechanism to identify IP address of nodes is ***,an algorithm of packet transmitting method(PTM) is presented for packet forwarding in the same ***,algorithms of region partition(RP),routing computation based on region division(RCBRD) and routing distribution(RD) is proposed to implement regional segmentation,route calculation and route distribution for forwarding packets in different subnets *** experiment results show that under the same condition,compared with plane address,the topology scale of the network simulation is extended two times and the consumption of time and memory during simulation is reduced by approximately 73%and 45.8% *** with hierarchical address,the topology scale of the network simulation is expanded by more than 50%,and the consumption of time and memory is reduced by about 59.2% and 25% *** addition,along with the growth of the node size,the proportion of reducing total simulation time and memory consumption would gradually increase.

关键词： network simulation routing policy plane routing hierarchical routing

QoS multicast routing protocol in hierarchical wireless MANET

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Science in China(Series F) 2008年第2期51卷 196-212页

作者： LI LaYuan LI ChunLin Department of Computer Science Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430063 China

A wireless MANET is a self-configurable network in which mobile, battery-powered devices dynamically create and change the network topology without relying on any intrastructure or administrative support. It offers unique benefits for certain environments, but there are still several open issues to be resolved before realizing these benefits, including QoS routing, multicasting, and mobility management. Specifically, an efficient QoS multicast routing protocol is needed, This paper presents a hierarchical QoS multicast routing protocol （QMRP） for mobile ad hoc networks. It can provide QoS-sensitive routes in a scalable and flexible way, in the network environment with mobility. In the proposed QMRP scheme, each local node only needs to maintain local multicast routing information and/or summary information of other clusters （or domains） but does not require any global ad hoc network states to be maintained. The QMRP also allows any ad hoc group member to join/leave the multicast group dynamically and supports multiple QoS constraints. This paper presents formal description and main procedures for realizing routing decision process of the QMRP and the proof of correctness and complexity analysis of the protocol. The performance measures of QMRP are evaluated using simulation. The simulation results verify the efficiency and availability of QMRP.

关键词： wireless ad hoc networks QoS routing multicast hierarchical routing mobile wireless networks

ADAPTIVE routing AND WAVELENGTH ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS FOR hierarchical ARCHITECTURE IN ASON

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ADAPTIVE ROUTING AND WAVELENGTH ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHMS FOR HI...

Fuzzy Based Adaptive Clustering to Improve the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network

2009 IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content（IC-NIDC 2009）

作者： Pei Luo Shanguo Huang Bin Li Jie Zhang Wanyi Gu Key Laboratory of Optical Communication and Lightwave Technologies Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing

The hierarchical routing and wavelength assignment problem in Automatic Switched Optical Network （ASON） is *** on our analysis,three adaptive algorithms called MLLR （Multi-Layer Least Loaded routing Algorithm）,WMLCR （Wavelength-graph-based Multi-Layer Least Congestion routing Algorithm） and BMR （Backtracking-based Multi-Layer routing Algorithm） are proposed.A platform named AHORSP （ASON based hierarchical optimal routing ＆ signaling platform） supporting our routing scheme is proposed and *** simulation shows that the proposed algorithms can have comprehensive application on the basis of their convenience to be realized,low BP performance and acceptable operation time.

关键词： hierarchical routing fixed alternate routing ASON resource balancing routing and wavelength assignment

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cnki会议

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China Communications 2019年第12期16卷 56-71页

作者： D.Uma Maheswari S.Sudha M.Meenalochani National Institute of Technology

The objective of the recently proposed fuzzy based hierarchical routing protocol F-SCH is to improve the lifetime of a Wireless Sensor Network. Though the performance of F-SCH is better than LEACH, the randomness in CH selection inhibits it from attaining enhanced lifetime. CBCH ensures maximum network lifetime when CH is close to the centroid of the cluster. However, for a widely distributed network, CBCH results in small sized clusters increasing the inter cluster communication cost. Hence, with an objective to enhance the network lifetime, a fuzzy based two-level hierarchical routing protocol is proposed. The novelty of the proposal lies in identification of appropriate parameters used in Cluster Head and Super Cluster Head selection. Experiments for different network scenarios are performed through both simulation and hardware to validate the proposal. The performance of the network is evaluated in terms of Node Death. The proposal is compared with F-SCH and the results reveal the efficacy of the proposal in enhancing the lifetime of network.

关键词： hierarchical routing node degree centrality network lifetime fuzzy wireless sensor networks

Steadfast Energy Proficient Sensor Node Activation System in Wireless Networks Lifetime Enhancement

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Circuits and Systems 2016年第4期7卷 402-416页

作者： R. Saravanakumar Dr. N. Mohankumar ECE/OAS Institute of Technology and Management Pulivalam Tiruchirappalli Tamilnadu India ECE/SKP Engineering College Thiruvannamalai Tamilnadu India

The wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the budding exploring areas and fast rising fields in wireless communications. The sensor nodes in the network are generally small-size, low-cost, low-power and multi-function capabilities. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used for various applications;since numerous sensor nodes are usually deployed on remote and inaccessible places, the employment and preservation should be easy and scalable. Sensor nodes in the field being run out of energy quickly has been an issue and many energy efficient routing protocols have been proposed to solve this problem and preserve the long life of the network. This paper work proposes a hierarchical based node activation routing technique which shows energy efficiency. This technique selects cluster head with highest residual energy in each communication round of transmission to the base station from the cluster heads. hierarchical based node activation routing technique with different levels of hierarchy simulation results prolongs the lifetime of the network compared to other clustering schemes and communication rounds of simulation increase significantly.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Networks hierarchical routing Energy Efficiency Clustering Node Activation Scheme Network Lifespan

Location-Information-Based Multiple-Landmark Multicast Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks

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维普期刊数据库

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International Journal of Systems and Control

International Journal of Systems and Control 2008年第2期 134-138页

作者： YUAN Ping,JIANG Zhijun College of Information Science & Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110006,China

A typical scenario in Mobile Ad Hoc networks(MANETs) consists of nodes having functional and motorial affinities(e.g., groups in the same exploration). In order to achieve scalability for such a network having a large scale, we propose, in this paper, a novel "Location-Information-Based Multiple-Landmark Multicast Protocol (MLMP). This protocol is an "implicit" , flexible hierarchical routing scheme following the traditional hierarchical method for handling scalability in large, wired networks. MLMP features dynamic distributed election of multiple landmarks with scope constraints and multicast packet forwarding using Location-Information-Based protocol. This protocol is very suit for large scale Ad hoc networks. Simulation result shows the good performance properties of MLMP in general ad hoc network infrastructures.

关键词： hierarchical routing Multicast Ad Hoc Networks