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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第1期8卷 50-52页

作者： Mamun-Al Mahtab Salimur Rahman Mobin Khan Md.Fazal Karim Department of Hepatology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

BACKGROUND:Acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) is common in *** viral e hepatitis is sporadically encountered in this country each year,with a rising incidence in the rainy *** study aimed to identify the etiology of ACLF in Bangladesh. MeTHODS:In this retrospective study,69 ACLF patients were *** presented to our department at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in *** of diseases was recorded and appropriate investigations were conducted in all patients. ReSULTS:Acute hepatitis e virus(HeV)infection was positive in 21.7%(15/69)of the patients,while 14.5% (10/69)had *** gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage was seen in 4.3%of the patients(3/69),while another 4.3%(3/69)had a positive history for alcohol or *** of the patients tested positive for hepatitis A virus infection and no evidence of hepatitis B virus flare was found in any *** specific cause for ACLF could be identified. CONCLUSIONS:Acute HeV infection is a leading cause of ACLF in *** patients were thought to have decompensation of cirrhosis,but subsequently were recognized as having ACLF by a retrospective review according to the definition of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver Working Party Meeting on ACLF in New Delhi in early 2008.

关键词： acute-on-chronic liver failure hepatitis e virus septicemia

hepatitis e virus: epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5543-5560页

作者： Abdullah Tarık Aslan Hatice Yasemin Balaban Department of Internal Medicine Gölhisar State HospitalBurdur 15100Turkey Department of Gastroenterology Hacettepe University Faculty of MedicineAnkara 06100Turkey

The hepatitis e virus(HeV)is the fifth known form of viral hepatitis and was first recognized as the cause of an epidemic of unexplained acute hepatitis in the early ***,it is one of the most frequent causes of acute viral *** majority of HeV infections are asymptomatic and lead to the spontaneous clearance of the *** the eight different genotypes identified to date,HeV genotype 1(HeV1),HeV2,HeV3,and HeV4 are the most frequent genotypes causing infections in ***1 and HeV2 are prevalent in developing regions and able to result in large-scale outbreaks originating from contaminated water *** are also responsible for severe hepatitis in pregnant patients and *** contrast,HeV3 and HeV4 are zoonotic,and the transmission of these genotypes to humans occurs mainly through the fecal contamination of water and consumption of contaminated meat from infected *** main reservoir is the pig,and they are mostly encountered in developed *** major risk groups for HeV infection and its ensuing adverse consequences are pregnant women,infants,older people,immunocompromised individuals,patients with underlying chronic liver diseases,and workers that come into close contact with HeV-infected *** the clinical perspective,HeV infections have diverse clinical manifestations including acute and self-limiting hepatitis,acute-on-chronic liver disease,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and liver *** HeV mainly results in acute selflimiting infection,chronic HeV infection may occur among immunocompromised patients(e.g.,solid-organ transplant recipients).Additionally,HeV-associated extrahepatic manifestations involving various organs have been reported in the last decade,although the causal link for many of them still needs to be *** and interferon-alpha are the most widely used agents for the treatment of HeV infections with a certain level of ***,ribavirin is contraindicated in pregnan

关键词： hepatitis e hepatitis e virus extrahepatic manifestations Zoonotic infection Chronic hepatitis Acute hepatitis

hepatitis e virus re-infection accelerates hepatocellular carcinoma development and relapse in a patient with liver cirrhosis:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第12期12卷 1358-1366页

作者： Xiao-Na Lin Qiu-Xiong Lin Shu-Mei Li Ke-Ping Xie Jun Hou Ren Chen The Laboratory of Computational Medicine and Systems Biology School of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Infectious Disease Guangdong General Hospital&Guangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Medicine South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510000Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND hepatitis e virus(HeV)superinfection is a suspected promoting factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with chronic hepatitis and ***,to date,very few cases of HeV-related HCC have been ***,the role of HeV re-infection in cirrhotic liver without other chronic hepatitis infections has rarely been *** SUMMARY A 53-year-old male farmer was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly in August 2016,accompanied with negative HeV-IgM and positive *** evidence of hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection was *** then the patient was evaluated for liver function and viral parameters every 3 *** June 2017,the patient presented severe fatigue with whole body itching and was diagnosed with *** this patient experienced quick HCC development,progression,relapse,and metastasis in the following 8 mo,and presented persistent dual positivity of HeV-IgM and *** patient had a long history of smoking and alcohol *** This unique case invokes the importance of HeV surveillance and treatment among cirrhotic patients,HCC cases,and blood donors.

关键词： hepatitis e virus Re-infection Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Case report

hepatitis e virus in professionally exposed: A reason for concern?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第7期13卷 723-730页

作者： Anna Mrzljak Ivan Balen Ljubo Barbic Maja Ilic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Centre ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and endocrinology General Hospital“Dr.Josip Bencevic”Slavonski Brod 35000Croatia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of epidemiology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

The zoonotic risk of hepatitis e virus(HeV)is well *** HeV seroprevalence rates vary according to geographical region,assays used,and study *** infection is still underdiagnosed,implying the need to evaluate the disease's burden in the general population and specific risk groups,such as professionally *** contact with various animal reservoirs such as pigs,rabbits,sheep,dogs,wild boars,and deer has been associated with higher anti-HeV seroprevalence as a part of occupational *** exact transmission routes remain to be determined,some general preventive measures such as proper hand hygiene,the usage of personal protective equipment,and the thermal processing of food before consumption should be followed.A“One-Health”multisectoral approach should be implemented to achieve optimal health and well-being outcomes,recognizing the interconnections between humans,animals,plants,and their shared environment,in which a vaccine against the zoonotic genotypes 3 and 4 and swine vaccination should be considered as a possible public health *** opinion review comprehensively addresses the HeV burden of professional exposure for butchers,slaughterhouse workers,veterinarians,farmers,hunters,and forestry workers delineates the current limits of protective work measures,and tackles future directions.

关键词： hepatitis e virus Zoonotic infection Occupational disease Veterinarians Farmers Butchers Slaughterhouse workers Forestry workers Hunters

hepatitis e virus in patients with acute severe liver injury

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第6期6卷 426-434页

作者： Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth J Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy Janice Davidson Harry R Dalton Linda Scobie Department of Life Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG4 0BAUnited Kingdom Scottish Liver Transplant Unit Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SAUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology University of EdinburghEdinburghEH16 4SBUnited Kingdom Gastrointestinal Unit Royal Cornwall Hospitaland European Centre for the Environment and Human HealthUniversity of Exeter Medical SchoolTruroTR1 3HDUnited Kingdom Department of Life Sciences School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowG40BAUnited Kingdom

AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis e(Hepe) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant ***: hepatitis e virus(HeV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. Hepe infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for Hepe. There are few data regarding the significance of HeV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HeV and anti-HeV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HeV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HeV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain ***: Four cases of hepatitis e were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HeV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HeV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient

关键词： Virology Infection Acute liver injury hepatitis e virus

Detection and characterization of hepatitis e virus from commercial rabbit livers in Hebei, China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第12期20卷 3270-3276页

作者： XIAO Peng TIAN Ji-jing MAO Jing-jing GUO Zhao-jie ZHAO Yue LIU Tian-long CHeN Jian WANG Tong-tong MA Long-huan SHe Rui-ping Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health/Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Shanghai InnoStar Bio-Tech Co. Shanghai 201203P.R.China Institute of Laboratory Animal Science Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632P.R.China

Rabbit hepatitis e virus(HeV)has been reported for years and is thought to have the potential for zoonotic transmission from rabbits to *** reported,HeV genotype 3(gt3)is the most prevalent form of HeV in *** determine the prevalence of HeV in commercial rabbit livers,176 liver samples were collected from an abattoir in Hebei Province,***(1.7%)samples tested positive for RNA of HeV-0RF2(open reading frames-2).Sequence analysis showed that the three isolates shared high identities with each other(94.08-98.85%).Further analysis showed that all the rabbit strains clustered together in the branch of HeV *** study by immunohistochemistry(IHC)assays showed that 131(74.4%)liver samples were positive for HeV ORF2 *** changes including cell degeneration,inflammatory cell infiltration and bile duct epithelial cell hyperplasia were observed under *** findings indicated the presence of HeV in commercial livers of *** studies should be conducted to investigate the infectivity of rabbit HeV(rHeV)and the potential risks of zoonotic transmission of rHeV from rabbits to human beings.

关键词： hepatitis e virus IHC RT-nPCR commercial rabbits livers

epidemiology of hepatitis e virus in Iran

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第22期22卷 5143-5153页

作者： Reza Taherkhani Fatemeh Farshadpour Department of Microbiology and Parasitology School of Medicine Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Persian Gulf Biomedical Research Center Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center Bushehr University of Medical Sciences

Iran is known as an endemic country for hepatitis e virus(HeV) infection, while there are variations in the epidemiology of HeV infection throughout the country. The available epidemiological studies in different regions of Iran show HeV seroprevalence of 1.1%-14.2% among general population, 4.5%-14.3% among blood donors, 6.1%-22.8% among injecting drug users, 6.3%-28.3% among hemodialysis patients, 1.6%-11.3% among patients infected with other hepatitis viruses, 27.5% among patients with chronic liver disease, 30.8% among kidney transplant recipient patients, and 10%-16.4% among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. These variations reflect differences in the status of public health and hygiene, risk factors, and routes of transmission in different regions and groups. Therefore, it is necessary to review the epidemiology of HeV infection to determine the most prevalent risk factors and routes of transmission, and to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive strategies employed in the public health services of the country. Moreover, the other epidemiological aspects of HeV, including the genotypic pattern, extra hepatic manifestations, and incidence of chronic infection need to be investigated among Iranian population to expand the current knowledge on the epidemiology of HeV and to clarify the real burden of HeV infection. Therefore, this review was performed to provide a general overview regarding the epidemiology of HeV in Iran.

关键词： hepatitis e virus General population Blood donors Injecting drug users Hemodialysis Immunocompromised patients Chronic liver disease Prevalence epidemiology Iran

Recent Advances Towards the Development of a Potent Antiviral Against the hepatitis e virus

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第3期6卷 310-316页

作者： Saumya Anang Nidhi Kaushik Milan Surjit Virology Laboratory Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research CentreTranslational Health Science and Technology InstituteNCR Biotech Science Cluster3rd MilestoneFaridabad-Gurgaon ExpresswayFaridabadHaryanaIndia

hepatitis e virus(HeV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral *** also causes acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure in many patients,such as those suffering from other infections/liver injuries or organ transplant/chemo-therapy *** widespread sporadic and epidemic incidents,there is no specific treatment against HeV,justifying an urgent need for developing a potent antiviral against *** review summarizes the known antiviral candidates and pro-vides an overview of the potential targets for the development of specific antivirals against HeV.

关键词： hepatitis e virus HeV antiviral HeV therapy Interferon Ribavirin

expression and Characterization of a Recombinant Truncated Capsid Protein of hepatitis e virus in Pichia pastoris

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2010年第2期26卷 235-239页

作者： YANG en-cheng CHI Bao-rong LI Xiao LIU Yan GAO Peng JIA Peng KAN Shi-fu WeN Zhong-mei WANG Wan JIN Ning-yi The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 P R. China Genetic engineering Laboratory of PLA Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun 130062 P. R. China The Hospital of Digestive Diseases People＇s Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Harbin 150001 P. R. China Department of Pharmacy the First Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001 P. R. China

hepatitis e is an enterically transmitted viral disease caused by infection with hepatitis e virus（HeV）. HeV is a nonenveloped virus that bas been classified in the family of Caliciviridae. The virus appears to be a polya-denylated, positive-stranded RNA virus with three major open reading frames（ORFs）. The capsid protein of HeV is encoded by the open reading frame 2（ORF2）. We attempted to produce a truncated capsid protein, designed p293, in Pichia pastoris. The p293 gene encoding amino acids（aa） 382-674 of HeV ORF2 was designed based on the full length of HeV ORF2, cloned into the yeast vector pPIC9K, and expressed in P. pastoris strain GS 115. SDS-PAGe and Western blotting demonstrated that the recombinant protein p293 could well be expressed in P pastoris. Under optimized conditions （culture medium pH, 6.0-6.5; methanol concentration added daily, 3.0%; inoculum density, OD600=60; induction time point, 72-96 h）, the yield of soluble p293 was approximately 80 mg/L. We also observed p293 secretory expressed in P. pastoris to be 30 nm viral like particles by using electron microscopy. These results show that the p293 may has utility in the analysis of cell specific factors in the protein processing and assembly of HeV, and serve as a useful antigen for both diagnostic and vaccine purposes.

关键词： hepatitis e virus Capsid protein Pichiapastoris Protein purification

Insights into hepatitis e virus epidemiology in Croatia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第37期28卷 5494-5505页

作者： Pavle Jelicic Thomas Ferenc Anna Mrzljak Lorena Jemersic Natasa Janev-Holcer Milan Milosevic Maja Bogdanic Ljubo Barbic Branko Kolaric Vladimir Stevanovic Mateja Vujica Zeljka Jurekovic Jadranka Pavicic Saric Maja Vilibic Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek Department of environmental Health Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Radiology Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Center ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Veterinary InstituteZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Social Medicine and epidemiology Faculty of Medicine University of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Occupational and environmental Health Andrija Stampar School of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Virology Croatian Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Gerontology and Social Medicine Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public HealthZagreb 10000Croatia Institute of emergency Medicine of Krapina-Zagorje County Krapina 49000Croatia Department of Nephrology Merkur University HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital MerkurZagreb 10000Croatia Department for Social Psychiatry Psychotherapy and PsychodiagnosticsUniversity Clinical Hospital Center“Sestre Milosrdnice”Zagreb 10000Croatia

BACKGROUND hepatitis e virus(HeV)is an emerging virus of global health *** seroprevalence rates differ greatly according to geographic region and population *** To analyze the seroprevalence of HeV in exposed(animal-related professions)and nonexposed populations,as well as solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant *** Forestry workers(n=93),hunters(n=74),and veterinarians(n=151)represented the exposed *** general population(n=126)and pregnant women(n=118)constituted the control *** patients included liver transplant recipients(LTRs)(n=83),kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)(n=43),and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients(HSCRs)(n=39).HeV immunoglobulin G antibodies were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by the immunoblot *** The HeV seroprevalence significantly differed between groups:Veterinarians 15.2%,hunters 14.9%,forestry workers 6.5%,general population 7.1%,and pregnant women 1.7%.In transplant patients,the seropositivity was highest in LTRs(19.3%),while in KTRs and HSCRs,the seroprevalence was similar to the general population(6.9%and 5.1%,respectively).A significant increase in seropositivity with age was observed from 2.9%in individuals less than 30 years to 23.5%in those older than 60 *** characteristics(sex,educational level,area of residence,and number of household members),eating habits(game meat,offal,and pork products consumption),and environmental and housing conditions(drinking water supply,type of water drainage/sewer,waste disposal,domestic animals)were not associated with HeV ***,individuals who reported a pet ownership were more often seropositive compared to those who did not have pet animals(12.5%vs 7.0%).CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that individuals in professional contact with animals and LTRs are at higher risk for HeV *** addition,age is a significant risk factor for HeV

关键词： hepatitis e virus Seroprevalence Veterinarians Hunters Forestry workers Transplant patients Croatia