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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1780-1790页

作者： Munazza Nazir Asghari Bano Faizan Ullah Samiullah Khan Naeem Khan Department of Botany University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir Pakistan Department of Biosciences Quaid Avenue University of Wah Wah Cantt Pakistan Department of Botany University of Science and Technology Bannu Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Haripur Haripur Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

Experiments were conducted to analyze effects of high temperature stress on wheat at pre-anthesis growth stage. Twenty four wheat genotypes exposed to a sub optimal temperature (>35°C) which showed altered physiological, biochemical and agronomic characteristics. Accumulation of proline, presence of new protein bands and higher antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves of G.7 and G.17 reflects their better adaptive response under heat stress conditions. G.17 and G.19 showed least reduction in number of spikelets per spike, biological yield and 100 grain weight. It was inferred that the genotypes G.7, G.17 and G.19 exhibited greater heat tolerance and could be recommended for cultivation under heat stress conditions.

关键词： heat stress Tolerance Mechanisms Protein Profiling Osmolytes

Effects of Dietary Betaine on Production Perform-ance,Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Layers under heat stress Condition

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2017年第2期9卷 80-85页

作者： Hao Shengyan Liu Longsheng Wang Guodong Gu Xian Pan Faming Institute of Animal Husbandry Pasture and Green AgricultureGansu Academy of Agricultural ScienceLanzhou 730070China

[ Objective ] This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary betaine on peiformance, egg quality and serum biochemical parameters of lay- ing hens under heat stress condition. [ Method] A total of 600 22-week-old commercial Roman laying hens were randomly divided into five groups, with eight repli- cates in each group and 15 hens in each replicate. Group I was taken as the positive control group, and laying hens in group ] were fed with basal diets in anrmal thermal environment. Temperature humidity index of group 1 was between 64.9 and 68.9. Group II was taken as the negative control group, and laying hens in group II were fed with basal diets under heal stress condition. Temperature humidity index of group II was higher than 72. laying hens in groups llI-V were fed with basal diets supplemented with 200,400 and 600 mg/kg betaine under heat stress condition respectively, and temperature humidity indexes in groups III-V were all higher than 72. The experiment lasted for 14 weeks. [ Results ] Results showed that there were no significant differences in average daily feed intake, feed egg ratio and broken egg rate among different test groups （P 〉 0.05 ）. Hen-housed laying rate, hen-housed egg yield, serum total protein （TP） content and serum alkaline phosphatase （AKP） activity in group II were significantly lower than those in group I（ P 〈0.05 ）. However, activities of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase （GOT）, creatine kinase （CK） and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase （GPT） in group II were significantly higher than those in group i （P 〈0.05 ）. Hen-housed laying rate, hen-housed egg yield and serum TP content in group IV were significantly higher than those in group II（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Hen-housed egg yield, serum TP eontent and serum albumin （ALB） content in group V were significantly higher than those in group II（P 〈0.05）. Activities of serum CK and Girl in groups IV and V were significantly lower than those in group II （ P 〈 0.05 ）, serum triglyceride （TG） cont

关键词： Betaine heat stress Laying hens Performance Egg quality Serum biochemical parameters

Mining heat stress Associated Genes in Tomato Fruit (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Through RNA-seq

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2021年第4期28卷 12-24页

作者： Zhang Ying-ying Liu Ya-hui Zhang Hui Zhu Wei-min Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology The Protected Horticulture InstituteShanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201403China

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)is a thermophilic vegetable crop,but sensitive to high temperature stress,especially under the greenhouse *** to global climate changes,heat stress has now become a great threat to tomato production and fruit *** studies have been conducted to determine the functions of genes in tomato responsive to abiotic and biotic stresses,but transcriptomic information on heat stress responses of tomato fruit is still *** investigate heat stress associated genes in tomato fruit,a cDNA library was constructed using fruit harvested from tomato cv.P19-9 plants grown under 42℃for 0,1,2 and4 h and the expression profiles of heat stress responsive genes in tomato fruit were analyzed through RNA-seq.A total of 632224558 clean high quality paired-end reads were obtained and then mapped to reference genome for RNA-seq *** quality control analysis,alignment analysis and transcript assembly,a total of 55457 RNA transcripts were obtained with functional ***,6869 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified with a significant response to one or more of the three heat stress treatment *** on GO enrichment analysis,22 genes potentially involved in tomato thermo-tolerance were selected and validated for their expressions through *** expression profile of tomato fruit genes obtained in this study could shed light on the mechanism and gene editing breeding projects for tomato *** findings could also benefit improvement of harvest and storage of tomato in greenhouse.

关键词： tomato fruit heat stress transcriptomic analysis gene expression profiling

Physiological Performances of Temperate Vegetables with Response to Chronic and Acute heat stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第14期7卷 2055-2071页

作者： Cheng-Hsiang Lai Jie He Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group National Institute of Education Nanyang Technological University Singapore

In face of climate change catastrophes, understanding the thermal limits and optimal physiological thermal window food crop is of particular urgency. This research aims to evaluate: 1) how physiological performances of plant will change with increasing chronic and acute heat stress;2) if the examined parameters form a hierarchy in terms of thermal tolerance;and 3) the optimal thermal window and critical temperatures of the examined plants with response to chronic and acute heat stress. Six temperate vegetables were subjected to chronic and acute heat stress and a suite of physiological parameters were evaluated. Dose responses were observed in shoot fresh weight, photosynthetic gas exchange, photosynthetic oxygen evolution, electron transfer rate, photo- and non-photochemical quenching with significant drop in performance as early as 28°C for selected species. Conversely, ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was not affected by heat stress until 46°C in chronic heat stress. Examining the temperature at which a measured parameter’s performance dropped by 50% compared to control (LT50), a distinct hierarchy of the indices was observed for Canasta, recombinant inbred line 141, Lactuca serriola and Lactuca sativa (L. “Salinas”): shoot fresh weight, representing the highest integrated level of photosynthesis was the most sensitive to thermal stress (28°C - 30°C), followed by oxygen evolution (35°C - 45°C) while non-photochemical and photochemical quenching which is subcellular function of stress alleviation had a much higher capacity failure temperature (47°C - 60°C). It is expected that Fv/Fm ratio, a measurement of sub-cellular structural integrity, will approach that of non-photochemical and photochemical quenching, if not exceeding it. By examining the photosynthetic parameters via their hierarchy of biological organization, it can be inferred that plants like Arugula

关键词： Chlorophyll Fluorescence heat stress O2 Evolution Photosynthetic CO2 Assimilation Rate Stomatal Conductance Thermotolerance

A Complex Interrelationship between Rectal Temperature and Dairy Cows’ Performance under heat stress Conditions

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第1期6卷 24-30页

作者： Meriem Rejeb Raoudha Sadraoui Taha Najar Moncef Ben M’rad National Agronomic Institute in Tunis Animal Production Department University of Carthage Tunis Tunis Tunisia

Upper limit of thermal stability and subsequent rise of thermoregulatory functions are affected by body temperature. This study was designed to determine the effects of rectal temperature (RT) on dairy cows’ performance (heart rates (HR), respiratory rates (RR), milk yield (MY), dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, plasma concentration of vitamin C under hot climate. This study was carried out in 2009, in north-west of Tunisia using 30 Holstein cows in mid lactation. The experiment was performed in spring (15th of February-15th of March: P1) and summer (1st-30th of August: P2). On each test day, temperature-humidity index (THI), RT, HR, RR, MY, DMI, digestibility and plasma VC concentration were determined. All this parameters were affected (P 2 and r (correlation coefficient) of the regressions. R2 in regressions on RT (R2 (RT, DMI) = 0.92 (P 2 (RT, MY) = 0.91 (P 2 in regressions on THI (R2 (THI, DMI) = 0.76 (P 2 (THI, MY) = 0.63 (P 2 in regressions on RT confirms that rectal temperature constitutes a larger component of total variance of responses in dairy cows to hot environmental temperature.

关键词： heat stress Rectal Temperature Dairy Cows Temperature-Humidity Index

Morpho-Physiological Characterization of Winter Wheat “Buster” Population during the Vegetative Stage under heat stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第8期11卷 1276-1295页

作者： Pratishtha Poudel Vijaya Gopal Kakani Phillip D. Alderman Brett F. Carver Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA

Phenotypic assessment of breeding population is important to identify robust lines for incorporating into future breeding programs. The objective of this study was to identify potential lines from a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) population, based on their morpho-physiological traits, for improved heat tolerance. A subset of 100 lines of the double haploid (DH) population named “Buster”, developed from two successful Oklahoma wheat varieties (Billings and Duster), was used in the study. Two experiments were conducted one in a greenhouse and the other in growth chambers. Data on plant height, tiller number, leaf number, and photosynthetic pigments were collected from the greenhouse;whereas the data on physiological parameters (leaf net photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (T), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci), electron transport rate (ETR), Photosystem II efficiency (Fv'/Fm') and instantaneous water use efficiency (IWUE)) were collected from the growth chambers. Buster lines were significantly (P < 0.05) different both morphologically and physiologically. A wide range of observations among genotypes for different morph

关键词： Wheat Breeding Buster heat stress Morphological Photosynthesis Physiological

Shiftwork and heat stress in an Intensive Care Unit

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 1994年第2期14卷 98-104页

作者：刘理望 Institute of Occupational Medicine Tongji Medical University Wuhan Institute of Occupational Medicine University of Verona Policlinic Hospital Verona Italy

This paper reported the results of investigation on shiftwork and heat stress in an intensive care unit. The aim of this study was to analyse the physiological strain of nurses during the three shifts (Morning, Afternoon,Night) in relation to the specific microclimatic conditions and job activities. 8 professional nurses (6 female and 2 male), aged between 21 and 38 years (rnean 29. 8 ±5. 6 years), having from 3 to 18years service, were monitored throughout a complete working cycle of 4 days. They worked on a three shift system at fast rotation. Their working environment was an independent unit for intensive care and expert surgical treatment which was entirely air conditioned. The observation indexes included: twenty-five blood parameters, ten urine parameters, net cardiac cost and relation cardiac cost, etc. The results of the investigation have not envidenced serious alterations of the psycho-physical conditions of the nurses, but do pointed out some problems pertaining both to the environmental and physiological conditions.

关键词： shiftwork heat stress nurse

Effects of Chinese Medicine on the Number of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes and Goblet Cells of Intestinal Villus of heat stress Layers

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2012年第4期4卷 155-160页

作者： GAO Gui-sheng GAO Guang-ping SHI Qiu-mei ZHANG Yan-ying SHEN Ping SHAO Xin-hua LIANG Yin-ju PAN Fang-fang Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine Animal Science and Technology CollegeHebei Normal University of Science and Technology Hebei Xinhua Keji Animal Medicine Co. Ltd

[ Objective] To study the effects of Chinese herbal additives on the number of intraepithelial lymphocyte and goblet cells of intestinal villus of heat stress layers. [Method] 180 healthy 88-day-old ISA brown egg roosters were selected and randomly divided into nine treatment groups, nor- mal temperature control group, high temperature control group, VC group, prescription one high-dose group, prescription one middle-dose group, prescription one low-dose group, prescription two high-dose group, prescription two middle-dose group, prescription two low-dose group, respec- tively. Prescription one and two groups were respectively fed with low, medium and high concentrations of the three doses of Chinese herbal ex- tracts, and VC group was fed with the VC in aqueous solution. Histological sections conventional technology and HE staining method were used to observe the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells in each sections of small intestine of chicken. [ Result] The number of chicken in- testinal epithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells showed a gradually decreasing trend in a high-temperature state. [ Conclusion] Prescription one and two groups could promote the cytopoiesis of goblet cells and lymphocytes, and the effect of prescription two was the best. Moreover, Adding the Chinese herbs had good effects on relieving the heat stress of layers.

关键词： Chinese herbal medicine heat stress Intestinal epithelial lymphocytes Goblet cells

Effect of Complex Preparation on the Hemorheological Indexes of heat stress Piglets

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2015年第4期7卷 253-256页

作者： Peng Xiaoqing Liu Fenghua Yan Peishi Laboratory Animal Center of Nantong University Department of Animal Science Beijing University of Agriculture College of Animal Science Nanjing Agricultural University

In the study, heat stress environment was simulated by artificial climate cabin to establish the heat stress model of piglets. A total of 64 2-month-old Chinese miniature pigs used for test were sdected and randomly divided into control group, heat stress group, complex preparation extract I treatment group and complex preparation extract II treatment group. Hematocrit was analyzed by Wintrobe test, meanwhile, the hemorheological indexes such as whole blood viscosity were analyzed by the automated analysis system of hemorrheology. In order to study the dynamic changes of complex preparation on the hemorheologieal indexes of heat stress piglets. The results showed that the piglets whole blood viscosity at high shear rate on the 10~ days in heat stress group was significantly highe~ than that in control group （P 〈 0.05） ; erythrocyte deformation indexes on the 6th and 10th days in heat stress group were significantly lower than that in control group （P 〈 0.05） ; hematocfit on the 1＂, 3＇~, 6~h and 10＇h days in heat stress group was significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈 0.05）. Hemorhealogieal inde- xes of the piglets in treatment group adding with complex preparation had been significantly restored, the effect on the 10th day after the stress was the most significant （P 〈 0.05）. The test results indicated that heat stress showed some significant influences on the health of piglets. Complex preparation could reduce the physiological damage causing by heat stress, and the effect of complex preparation II was better than that of complex preparation I.

关键词： Complex preparation heat stress Piglets Hemorhealogy

Effects of Chinese Herbal Additive on Immunologic Functions and Productive Performance of Dairy Cows during heat stress

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2010年第4期2卷 1-3页

作者： SUN Qi-ying College of Life Sciences Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China

[Objective] To study effects of Chinese herbal additive on immunologic functions and productive performance of dairy cows, [Method] A total of 20 healthy dairy cows were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. They were respectively fed a common basal diet and the basal diet containing 100 g Chinese herbal additives. The trial lasted for 49 d. [ Result] The 4% fat corrected milk yield （FCM） production, milk yield after weight correction, quantity of solid-not-fat and ash content in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The total lymphocytes （LYM） number of peripheral blood, the percentage of lymphocytes, and IgG concentration in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group on Day 14, 28 and 42 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal additive can enhance the lactation performance and immunologic function of dairy cows.

关键词： Dairy cows heat stress Chinese herbal additive Immunologic function Productive performance