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Dietary nano chromium picolinate can ameliorate some of the impacts of heat stress in cross-bred sheep

Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 198-205页

作者： Alex T.Hung Brian J.Leury Matthew A.Sabin Fahri Fahri Kristy DiGiacomo Tu-Fa Lien Frank R.Dunshea Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Murdoch Children's Research Institute The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Department of Animal Science National Chiayi UniversityChina Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUnited Kingdom

Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of nano chromium picolinate(nCrPic)during heat stress(HS)in *** the initial study,36 Merino×Poll cross-bred sheep were individually penned and allocated to 3 dietary treatments(0,400 and 800μg/kg nCrPic)for 8 *** composition was determined at the beginning and end of the experiment using dual energy X-ray *** sheep remained in their dietary groups but were then placed in metabolic cages and randomly allocated within the dietary group to differing ambient temperature regimes,i.e.,thermo-neutral(TN)(n=18)and HS(n=18),for 3 *** nCrPic had no effect on growth performance and body composition during the initial study conducted under TN *** stress decreased average daily feed intake(ADFI)(P=0.002)whereas sheep under HS had reduced average daily gain(ADG)and indeed lost weight(Pstress increased rectal temperature(P<0.001)and respiration rate(P<0.001),particularly during the hottest parts of the day as indicated by interactions(P<0.001)between time of day and thermal *** temperature was lower in sheep fed nCrPic(P=0.050),particularly under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and time of day(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic,thermal treat-ment and time of day(P=0.010).Similarly,respiration rate was lower in sheep fed nCrPic under peak HS conditions during the afternoon as indicated by the interactions between dietary nCrPic and thermal treatment(P<0.001)and dietary nCrPic and time of day(P=0.030).In conclusion,dietary nCrPic can partially ameliorate the negative effects of HS as indicated by the maintenance of ADFI and decreased physiological responses,such as elevatio

关键词： Chromium picolinate Sheep heat stress Nanotechnology Physiology

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Effect of dietary near ideal amino acid profile on heat production of lactating sows exposed to thermal neutral and heat stress conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 739-754页

作者： S.Zhang J.S.Johnson N.L.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit West Lafayette 47907USA

Background:Reduced protein diet manifested potential to mitigate heat production based on the concept of ideal amino acid *** hypothesis of this study was that lactating sows fed a low crude protein(LCP)diet with supplemental amino acid produce less heat compared to those fed a high crude protein(HCP)diet under both thermal neutral(TN)and heat stress(HS)***:Thirty-two lactating sows were allotted to HCP(193 g CP/kg)and LCP(140 g CP/kg)diets under thermal neutral(TN,21±1.5°C)or cycling heat stress(HS,32±1.5°C daytime and 24±1.5°C nighttime)*** contained 0.90%SID lysine and 10.8 MJ/kg net *** pressure indirect calorimeters were used to measure gas exchange in individual sows with litters,and individual piglets on days 4,8,14 and *** and litter weights were recorded on days 1,10 and ***:Sow total heat production(THP)was calculated by subtracting litter THP from sow+litter THP based on *** BW and body protein(BP)loss was greater for LCP diet compared to HCP diet in peak lactation(Pstressed sows fed HCP diet had higher(P<0.05)rectal temperature at 13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.01),and higher respiration rate at 07:00(P<0.05),13:00(P<0.05)and 19:00(P<0.05)compared to TN sows fed HCP *** sows fed LCP diet,those under HS tended to have higher(P=0.098)rectal temperature at 13:00 and had higher(P<0.05)respiration rate at 07:00,13:00 and 19:00 compared to TN *** relationship between daily THP and days in lactation of sows fed LCP diet was quadratic(P<0.05),with an ascending trend until day 14 and a descending trend from days 14 to *** fed LCP diet had lower daily THP at day 18(P<0.001)compared to those fed the HCP diet under HS ***:Reduction in THP in sows fed LCP diet was largely associated with THP on day 18 of lactation under HS *** LCP die

关键词： Amino acid heat stress Lactating sows Low protein diet Total heat production

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Possible Involvement of Anti-Oxidant Enzymes in the Cross-Tolerance of the Germination/Growth of Wheat Seeds to Salinity and heat stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第10期47卷 1211-1219页

作者： Yan-Bao LEI Song-Quan SONG Jia-Rui FU Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan 666303 China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China

The germination/growth of wheat （Triticum aestivum L. cv. Zimai 1） seeds and changes in the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, and catalase （CAT）, as well as in the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances （TBARS）, in response to salt and heat stress, as well as cross-stress, were investigated in the present study. With increasing temperature and decreasing water potential caused by NaCI solution, the germination percentage of seeds and the fresh weight of seedlings decreased markedly, SOD activity increased, activities of APX and CAT decreased distinctly, and the TBARS content increased gradually. Seeds pretreated at 33℃ for different times displayed increased tolerance to subsequent salt stress, enhanced SOD, APX, and CAT activities, and decreased TBARS content. Seeds pretreated at -0.8 MPa NaCI for different times displayed increased tolerance to subsequent heat stress and marked increases in SOD, APX, and CAT activities, which were associated with decreased TBARS content. It is considered that the common component in the cross-tolerance of the germination and growth of wheat seeds to salinity and heat stress is the anti-oxidant enzyme system.

关键词： anti-oxidant enzymes cross tolerance germination growth heat stress salinity stress Triticum aestivum seeds.

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Weakened carbon and nitrogen metabolisms under post-silking heat stress reduce the yield and dry matter accumulation in waxy maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第1期19卷 78-88页

作者： YANG Huan GU Xiao-tian DING Meng-qiu LU Wei-ping LU Da-lei Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Post-silking high temperature is one of the abiotic factors that affects waxy maize(Zea mays L. sinensis Kulesh) growth in southern China. We conducted a pot trial in 2016–2017 to study the effects of post-silking daytime heat stress(35°C) on the activities of enzymes involved in leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolisms and leaf reactive oxygen species(ROS) and water contents. This study could improve our understanding on dry matter accumulation and translocation and grain yield production. Results indicated that decreased grain number and weight under heat stress led to yield loss, which decreased by 20.8 and 20.0% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. High temperature reduced post-silking dry matter accumulation(16.1 and 29.5% in 2016 and 2017, respectively) and promoted translocation of pre-silking photoassimilates stored in vegetative organs, especially in leaf. The lower leaf water content and chlorophyll SPAD value, and higher ROS(H2O2 and O2^-·) content under heat stress conditions indicated accelerated senescent rate. The weak activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase(PEPCase), Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase(Ru BPCase), nitrate reductase(NR), and glutamine synthase(GS) indicated that leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolisms were suppressed when the plants suffered from a high temperature during grain filling. Correlation analysis results indicated that the reduced grain yield was mainly caused by the decreased leaf water content, weakened NR activity, and increased H2O2 content. The increased accumulation of grain weight and post-silking dry matter and the reduced translocation amount in leaf was mainly due to the increased chlorophyll SPAD value and NR activity. Reduced PEPCase and Ru BPCase activities did not affect dry matter accumulation and translocation and grain yield. In conclusion, post-silking heat stress down-regulated the leaf NR and GS activities, increased the leafwater loss rate, increased ROS generation, and induced pre-silking carbohydrate tran

关键词： waxy maize heat stress nitrogen metabolism photosynthetic enzymes senescence dry matter

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YODA-HSP90 Module Regulates Phosphorylation-Dependent Inactivation of SPEECHLESS to Control Stomatal Development under Acute heat stress in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2020年第4期13卷 612-633页

作者： Despina Samakovli Tereza Ticha Tereza Vavrdova Miroslav Ovecka Ivan Luptovciak Veronika Zapletalova Anna Kucharova Pavel Krenek Yuliya Krasylenko Theoni Margaritopoulou Loukia Roka Dimitra Milioni George Komis Polydefkis Hatzopoulos Jozef Samaj Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research Faculty of SciencePalacky University OlomoucSlechtitelu 27Olomouc 78371Czech Republic Molecular Biology Laboratory Agricultural University of Athenslera Odos 75Athens 11855Greece Present address:Laboratory of Mycology Department of PhytopathologyBenaki Phytopathological Institute8st.Delta str.GR-14561 KifissiaAtticaGreece

Stomatal ontogenesis,patterning,and function are hallmarks of environmental plant adaptation,especially to conditions limiting plant growth,such as elevated temperatures and reduced water *** specification and distribution of a stomatal cell lineage and its terminal differentiation into guard cells require a master regulatory protein phosphorylation cascade involving the YODA mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase *** signaling results in the activation of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASEs(MPK3 and MPK6),which regulate transcription factors,including SPEECHLESS(SPCH).Here,we report that acute heat stress affects the phosphorylation and deactivation of SPCH and modulates stomatal *** using complem entary molecular,genetic,biochemical,and cell biology approaches,we provide solid evidence that heat SHOCK PROTEINS 90(HSP90s)play a crucial role in transducing heat-stress response through the YODA *** studies revealed that YODA and HSP90.1 are epistatic,and they likely function linearly in the same developmental pathway regulating stomata ***90s interact with YODA,affectits cellular polarization,and modulate the phosphorylation of downstream targets,such as MPK6 and SPCH,under both normal and heat-stress ***,HSP90-mediated specification and differentiation of the stomatal cell lineage couples stomatal development to environmental cues,providing an adaptive heat stress response mechanism in plants.

关键词： stomata HSP90 MAPK heat stress Arabidopsis

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Microbiota-gut-brain axis and nutritional strategy under heat stress

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1329-1336页

作者： Chaoyue Wen Siyu Wei Xin Zong Yizhen Wang Mingliang Jin Institute of Feed Science College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Ministry of EducationCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China Ministry of AgricultureCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

heat stress is a very universal stress event in recent *** lines of evidence in the past literatures indicate that gut microbiota composition is susceptible to variable temperature.A varied microbiota is necessary for optimal regulation of host signaling pathways and disrupting microbiota-host homeostasis that induces disease *** microbiota-gut-brain axis involves an interactive mode of communication between the microbes colonizing the gut and brain *** review summarizes the effects of heat stress on intestinal function and microbiota-gut-brain *** stress negatively affects intestinal immunity and barrier ***-gut-brain axis is involved in the homeostasis of the gut microbiota,at the same time,heat stress affects the metabolites of microbiota which could alter the function of microbiota-gut-brain *** aim to bridge the evidence that the microbiota is adapted to survive and thrive in an extreme ***,nutritional strategies for alleviating intestinal heat stress are introduced.

关键词： Bidirectional interaction heat stress Immune response Microbiota-gut-brain axis Nutritional regulation

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Regulation of gene expression in chickens by heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 438-450页

作者： Akshat Goel Chris Major Ncho Yang-Ho Choi Department of Animal Science Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Division of Applied Life Sciences(BK21 Plus Program) Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article

High ambient temperatures are a critical challenge in the poultry industry which is a key producer of the animal-based *** evaluate heat stress levels,various parameters have been used,including growth rates,blood metabolites,and *** most recent advances have explored expression profiling of genes that may play vital roles under stress.A high ambient temperature adversely affects nutrient uptake and is known to modulate the expression of genes encoding for sodium-dependent glucose transporters,glucose transporters,excitatory amino acid transporters,and fatty acidbinding proteins which are responsible for the absorption of macronutrients in the *** defensive activities are stimulated to protect the cell of different tissues from the heat-generated stress,including expression of early stress response genes coding for heat shock protein(HSP),c-FOS like protein,brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS);antioxidant enzyme genes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase(NOX4);and immune-related genes such as cytokines and toll-like receptors(TLRs).The potential role of HSPs in protecting the cell from stress and their presence in several tissues make them suitable markers to be evaluated under heat *** and c-FOS genes expressed in the hypothalamus help cells to adapt to an adverse *** causes damage to the cell by generating reactive oxygen species(ROS).The NOX4 gene is the inducer of ROS under heat stress,which is in turns controlled by antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and *** are responsible for protecting against pathogenic attacks arising from enhanced membrane permeability,and cytokines help in controlling the pathogen and maintaining ***,the evaluation of nutrient transporters and defense mechanisms using the latest molecular biology tools has made it possible to shed light on the complex cellular mechan

关键词： Antioxidant Gene expression heat stress Immunity Metabolism Nutrient transporter Poultry

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Application of moderate nitrogen levels alleviates yield loss and grain quality deterioration caused by post-silking heat stress in fresh waxy maize

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The Crop Journal 2020年第6期8卷 1081-1092页

作者： Jue Wang Pengxiao Fu Weiping Lu Dalei Lu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Agricultural College of Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina

High temperature(HT)during grain filling is one of the most important environmental factors limiting maize yield and grain ***(N)fertilizer is essential for maintaining normal plant growth and defense against environmental *** effects of three N rates and two temperature regimes on the grain yield and quality of fresh waxy maize were studied using the hybrids Suyunuo 5(SYN5)and Yunuo 7(YN7)as materials.N application rates were 1.5,4.5,and 7.5 g plant-1,representing low,moderate,and high N levels(LN,MN,and HN,respectively).Mean day/night temperatures during the grain filling of spring-and summer-sown plants were 27.6/21.0°C and 28.6/20.0°C for ambient temperature(AT)and 35/21.0°C and 35/20.0°C for HT,*** average,HT reduced kernel number,weight,yield,and moisture content by 29.8%,17.9%,38.7%,and 3.3%,*** number,weight,yield,moisture,and starch contents were highest under MN among the three N rates under both temperature *** reduced grain starch content at all N *** increased grain protein content,which gradually increased with N *** starch granule size under MN was larger(10.9μm)than that under LN and HN(both 10.4μm)at ***,the mean size of starch granules was higher under LN(11.7μm)and lower under MN(11.2μm)at *** binding capacity(IBC)was lowest under MN and highest under HN among the three N levels under both temperature *** general,IBC at all N rates was increased by *** viscosity(PV)was gradually reduced with increasing N rate at *** comparison with LN,PV was increased by MN and decreased by HN at *** percentage gradually increased with N rate at AT,but was lowest under MN among the three N rates at ***+AT and MN+HT produced grain with high pasting viscosity and low retrogradation *** application could alleviate the negative effects of HT on the grain yield and quality of fresh waxy maize.

关键词： Fresh waxy maize Grain quality heat stress Nitrogen rate Starch granule size

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Zinc alleviates the heat stress of primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos via enhancing the antioxidant ability and attenuating the heat shock responses

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 621-630页

作者： Tingting Li Wengang He Xiudong Liao Xi Lin Liyang Zhang Lin Lu Yanli Guo Zongping Liu Xugang Luo Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Mineral Nutrition Research Division Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China College of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Zinc(Zn)has been shown to attenuate the adverse effects of heat stress on broilers,but the mechanisms involving this process remain *** aimed to investigate possible protective mechanisms of Zn on primary cultured hepatocytes of broiler embryos subjected to heat *** experiments were *** Exp.1,hepatocytes were treated with 0,50,100,200,or 400μmol/L added Zn as inorganic Zn sulfate(iZn)for 12,24 or 48 *** Exp.2,cells were exposed to 40℃(a normal temperature[NT])and 44℃(a high temperature[HT])for 1,2,4,6,or 8 *** Exp.3,cells were preincubated with 0 or 50μmol/L Zn as iZn or organic Zn lysine chelate(oZn)for 8 h under NT,and then incubated with the same Zn treatments under NT or HT for 4 or 6 *** biomarkers of antioxidative status and heat stress in cells were *** results in Exp.1 indicated that 50μmol/L Zn and 12 h incubation were the optimal conditions for increasing antioxidant ability of *** Exp.2,the 4 or 6 h incubation under HT was effective in inducing heat shock responses of *** Exp.3,HT elevated(Pheat shock protein 70(HSP70)mRNA and protein,as well as HSP90 ***,Zn supplementation increased(Pheat stress of broiler hepatocytes via enhancing their antioxidant ability and attenuating heat shock responses.

关键词： Broiler hepatocyte Zinc heat stress Antioxidant ability heat shock response

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Dietary supplementation of dried plum:a novel strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1056-1072页

作者： Sanjeev Wasti Nirvay Sah Amit K.Singh Chin N.Lee Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:heat stress is a significant problem in the poultry industry,causing a severe economic loss due to its detrimental effects on chickens’health and *** plum(DP)is a good source of minerals,vitamins,antioxidants,and phenolic *** have suggested that DP has several health benefits,such as maintaining the body’s redox system,immune status,and calcium *** on the health benefits of DP,we hypothesized that the dietary supplementation of DP would alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on broiler ***:To test the hypothesis,day-old broiler chicks(n=72)were randomly allocated to three treatment groups(n=24/group):no heat stress(NHS),heat stress(HS),and heat stress with dried plum(HS+DP),and reared under standard *** inclusion of 2.5%DP in the feed of the HS+DP group was made during the treatment period,while birds in other groups were provided with a standard finisher *** 21 days,birds in the HS and HS+DP groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress conditions(33℃ for 8 h during daytime)for 3 weeks,while those in the NHS group were reared under normal conditions(22-24℃).Weekly body weight and feed intake were recorded to calculate the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),and feed conversion ratio(FCR).heat stress significantly decreased the final body weight,ADG,ADFI,and increased FCR compared to the NHS group,whereas dietary supplementation of DP significantly improved these growth performance parameters compared to the HS ***,supplementation of DP significantly increased the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSF1,HSF3,HSP70,and HSP90),antioxidant-related genes(SOD1,SOD2,GPX1,GPX3,PRDX1,and TXN),tight junction-related genes(CLDN1,and OCLN),and immune-related genes(IL4,MUC2)in the ileum as compared to the HS *** microbiota analysis showed significant enrichment of Bacillales,Christensenellaceae,Bacillaceae,Peptostreptococcaceae,and Anaerot

关键词： Dried plum Gene expression heat stress Microbiota Mitigation

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