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The Impact of Atmospheric heat sources over the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Tropical Western Pacific on the Summer Rainfall over the Yangtze-River Basin

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 149-155页

作者：简茂球乔云亭袁卓建罗会邦 Research Center for Monsoon and Environment/Department of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) UniversityGuangzhou 510275

The variability of the summer rainfall over China is analyzed using the EOF procedure with a new parameter （namely, mode station variance percentage） based on 1951-2000 summer rainfall data from 160 stations in China. Compared with mode variance friction, the mode station variance percentage not only reveals more localized characteristics of the variability of the summer rainfall, but also helps to distinguish the regions with a high degree of dominant EOF modes representing the analyzed observational variable. The atmospheric circulation diagnostic studies with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis daily data from 1966 to 2000 show that in summer, abundant （scarce） rainfall in the belt-area from the upper-middle reaches of the Yangtze River northeastward to the Huaihe River basin is linked to strong （weak） heat sources over the eastern Tibetan Plateau, while the abundant （scarce） rainfall in the area to the south of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River is closely linked to the weak （strong） heat sources over the tropical western Pacific.

关键词： heat sources eastern Tibetan Plateau tropical western Pacific summer rainfall Yangtze River basin

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Numerical investigation of impinging jet ventilation in ICUs:Is thermal stratification a problem?

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Building Simulation 2023年第7期16卷 1173-1185页

作者： Lei Wang Zhiqiang Wang Sirui Zhu Zhe Zhu Tao Jin Jianjian Wei Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics/Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina The Architectural Design&Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co LtdHangzhouChina Zhejiang Modern Architectural Design and Research Institute Co LtdHangzhouChina

Intensive care units(ICUs)are the high incidence sites of hospital-acquired infections,where impinging jet ventilation(IJV)shows great potential.Thermal stratification of IJV and its effect on contaminants distribution were systematically investigated in this study.By changing the setting of heat source or the air change rates,the main driving force of supply airflow can be transformed between thermal buoyancy and inertial force,which can be quantitatively described by the dimensionless buoyant jet length scale(l_(m)^(-)).For the investigated air change rates,namely 2 ACH to 12 ACH,l_(m)^(-)varies between 0.20 and 2.80.The thermal buoyancy plays a dominant role in the movement of the horizontally exhaled airflow by the infector under low air change rate,where the temperature gradient is up to 2.45℃/m.The flow center remains close to the breathing zone of the susceptible ahead,resulting into the highest exposure risk(6.6‰for 10-μm particles).With higher heat flux of four PC monitors(from 0 W to 125.85 W for each monitor),the temperature gradient in ICU rises from 0.22℃/m to 1.02℃/m;however,the average normalized concentration of gaseous contaminants in the occupied zone is reduced from 0.81 to 0.37,because their thermal plumes are also able to carry containments around them to the ceiling-level readily.As the air change rate was increased to 8 ACH(l_(m)^(-)=1.56),high momentum weakened the thermal stratification by reducing the temperature gradient to 0.37℃/m and exhaled flow readily rose above the breathing zone;the intake fraction of susceptible patient located in front of the infector for 10-μm particles reduces to 0.8‰.This study proved the potential application of IJV in ICUs and provides theoretical guidance for its appropriate design.

关键词： impinging jet ventilation heat sources air change rates respiratory particles lock-up phenomenon

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