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healthcare-associated infections: Experiences and Perceptions of Nurses at the Ziniaré District Hospital in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Nursing 2023年第11期13卷 811-823页

作者： Marc Souli Noufou Gustave Nana Soutongnoma Safiata Kaboré Dieudonné Soubeiga Hervé Hien Institute for Interdisciplinary Training and Research in Health and Education Sciences Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Institute of Public Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a worldwide concern because of their magnitude and their human and financial cost. While nurses’ non-compliance of hygiene and asepsis measures is questioned, the rationale behind it is not fully understood. We hypothesized that nurses’ experiences and perceptions are one of the reasons for their non-compliance with prevention recommendations. Also, nurses’ caring approach would play an important role in patient safety. The objective of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences and perceptions of HAIs in a district hospital in Burkina Faso with the aim of developing a culture of safety in health care practices. Methods: Qualitative data were collected through unstructured interviews with twenty nurses from the Ziniaré district hospital. Data analysis followed the qualitative phenomenological method according to Giorgi. Results: Phenomenological analysis yielded the following themes: “an ignored reality”;“a denied responsibility”;and “a vulnerable problem”. These results show that nurses’ perception of the extent and seriousness of HAIs is low, and that they deny responsibility for their occurrence. As a result, HAIs are not always perceived as a concern. However, nurses deplore the situation, but remain optimistic about resolving the problem. Conclusion: These nurses’ perceptions of HAIs could explain their non-compliance with prevention recommendations. Corrective action could be redirected by raising awareness, continuing training, improving working conditions and involving all players, including patients and their families, in the fight against HAIs. .

关键词： Perceptions Nurses healthcare-associated infections Phenomenology

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Urgent call for attention to diabetes-associated hospital infections

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1683-1691页

作者： Xue-Lu Yu Li-Yun Zhou Xiao Huang Xin-Yue Li Qing-Qing Pan Ming-Ke Wang Ji-Shun Yang Department of Disease Control and Prevention Naval Medical Center of PLANaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200052China Medical Care Center Naval Medical Center of PLANaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200052China

In this editorial,we discuss the recent article by Zhao et al published in the World Journal of Diabetes,which highlights the importance of recognizing the risk indicators associated with diabetes mellitus(DM).Given the severe implications of healthcare-associated infections(HAIs)in hospitalized individuals-such as heightened mortality rates,prolonged hospitalizations,and increased costs-we focus on elucidating the connection between DM and nosocomial *** patients are susceptible to pathogenic bacterial invasion and subsequent infection,with some already harboring co-infections upon ***,DM is an important risk factor for nosocomial urinary tract infections and surgical site infections,which may indirectly affect the occurrence of nosocomial bloodstream infections,especially in patients with DM with poor glycemic *** evidence regarding the impact of DM on healthcare-associated pneumonias remains inconclusive,attention to this potential association is *** patients with DM should prioritize meticulous blood glucose management,adherence to standard operating procedures,hand hygiene practices,environmental disinfection,and rational use of drugs during *** studies are imperative to explore the main risk factors of HAIs in patients with DM,enabling the development of preventative measures and mitigating the occurrence of HAIs in these patients.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus healthcare-associated infections Nosocomial urinary tract infections Surgical site infections Nosocomial bloodstream infections

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healthcare-associated Staphylococcus aureus infections in children in Turkey:A six-year retrospective,single-center study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第8期16卷 354-362页

作者： Nurhayat Yakut Zeynep Ergenc Sevgi Aslan Tuncay Sezin Bayraktar Elvan Sayin Arzu Ilki Eda Kepenekli Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsMarmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Department of Pediatrics Marmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Department of Medical Microbiology Marmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey

Objective:To describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics,antimicrobial susceptibility and mortality-associated factors of healthcare-associated infections(HCAIs)caused by Staphylococcus(S.)aureus in ***:We conducted a retrospective,single-centre study of pediatric HCAIs caused by *** from a tertiary care hospital in Turkey between February 2014 and December *** clinical and epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of the methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant ***(MSSA and MRSA)isolates was ***:A total of 310 pediatric patients were ***,225(72.6%)isolates were MSSA and 85(27.4%)were *** *** isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin,vancomycin,linezolid,tigecycline,mupirocin,and *** resistance rates were high(89.0%),while fosfomycin,gentamicin,and clindamycin resistance rates were low(1.3%,1.0%,and 2.3%,respectively).Except susceptibility to fosfomycin,which was significantly lower in 2014 compared to 2018 and 2019,no significant difference was found in the antimicrobial susceptibility of *** isolates between the *** characteristics and mortality rate were similar comparing MRSA and MSSA causing *** mortality rate of HCAIs caused by *** was 6.5%(20 patients).Malignancy was an independent risk factor associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis(OR 5.446,95%CI 1.573-18.849).Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that MSSA remained the most causative agent of HCAIs caused by *** mortality rate was 6.5%,the antibiotic resistance rate was quite high for penicillin and diagnosis of malignancy was the main risk factor for increasing mortality in *** findings could help improve the management of HCAIs caused by *** in children.

关键词： healthcare-associated infections Staphylococcus aureus Children Antimicrobial susceptibility Mortality

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Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Urine and Pleural Fluid in Two Hospitals of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 39-49页

作者： Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue Farid Wega Grace Yemina Kombeu Cedric Seugnou Nana Christiane Possi Kiyang Lussabella Pohoko Medzam Erica Megane Noubissi Makougoum Nellie Mbianga Nkuigoua Herman Koyouo Tagne Mérimé Joël Tchinda Talokou Yvonne Valérie Yolande Mavoungou Ashu Michel Agbor Microbiology Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Microbiology Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Institut Universitaire du Golf de Guinée Douala Cameroon Centre Hospitalier Dominicain St Martin de Porres Yaoundé Cameroun Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville République du Congo

Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions (low or high temperatures, high pH, and high salinity). The global Enterococcus faecalis-Enterococcus faecium ratio is currently shifting towards Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci present variable levels of resistance to certain families of antibiotics. This is the case for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and cephalosporins. In 2017, WHO ranked Enterococci among priority pathogens for research and development of new antibiotics. The objective of our study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from urine and pleural fluid in two hospitals in Cameroon. This cross-sectional and analytic study was carried out between June to August 2023 on hospitalized and day patients in which a cytobacteriological test of urine and pleural fluid was done. The samples were inoculated on CLED Agar for urine and on Chocolate + polyvitex and blood agar (prepared from Columbia agar) for pleural fluid samples and incubated at 37℃ for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of isolates was carried out using the API 20 STREP micro gallery (Biomerieux, France) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data on socio-demographical and potential risk factors were recorded using self-administered questionnaires and data from laboratory analyses of the specimen were collected in a data capture sheet. Potential risk factors associated with the presence of Enterococci, were evaluated using the logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. A total of 511 patients were recruited who were predominantly females. Enterococcus spp were isolated in 27.79% of our samples with Enterococcus faecalis mostly encountered. Enterococcus spp showed a high

关键词： Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium healthcare-associated infections Antimicrobial Resistance Cameroon

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Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 111-121页

作者： Pil Uthaug Rasmussen Katrine Uhrbrand Mette Damkjaer Bartels Helle Neustrup Dorina Gabriela Karottki Ute Biiltmann Anne Mette Madsen National Research Centre for the Working Environment Lerso Parkalle 1052100 Copenhagen 0Denmark Department of Clinical Microbiology Hvidovre HospitalKettegdrd Alle 302650 HvidovreDenmark The Danish Working Environment Authority Landskronagade 332100 CopenhagenDenmark University Medical Center Groningen Department of Health SciencesCommunity&Occupational MedicineUniversity of Groningen9700 GroningenThe Netherlands

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)is an increasing health concern across the globe and is often prevalent at long-term care facilities,such as nursing ***,we know little of whether nursing home staff is exposed to MRSA via air and *** investigated whether staff members at nursing homes are colonised with and exposed to culturable MRSA,and assessed staff members'self-reported knowledge of MRSA and compliance with infection hygiene *** nursing homes with MRSA positive residents were visited in Copenhagen,*** bioaerosol exposure samples and environmental samples from surfaces,sedimented dust and bioaerosols were examined for MRSA and methicillin-suscqjtible ***(MSSA)to determine occupational *** were taken from staffs*nose,throat,and hands to determine whether they were colonised with *** online questionnaire about MRSA and infection control was *** staff members were colonised with MRSA,but MRSA was detected in the rooms of the colonised residents in two out of the five nursing *** was observed in air(n=4 out of 42,ranging from 2.9-1.9 CFU/m^(3)),sedimented dust(n=1 out of 58,1.1 ×10^(3) CFU/m^(2)/d),and on surfaces(n=9 out of 113,0.04-70.8 CFU/m^(2)).The questionnaire revealed that half of the staff members worry about spreading MRSA to *** aspects for improvement were improved availability and use of protective equipment,not transferring cleaning supplies(e.g.,vacuum cleaners)between residents'rooms and to reduce worry of MRSA,e.g.,through education.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Airborne MRSA Bioaerosols healthcare-associated infections healthcare worker Occupational health

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Clostridium difficile colitis and zoonotic origins—a narrative review

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 157-166,I0001页

作者： Alexander W.W.Brown Robert B.Wilson General Surgery Department Liverpool HospitalElizabeth StLiverpoolNSW 2170Australia

Clostridium difficile is amajor cause of hospital-associated diarrhoea,and in severe cases leads to pseudomembranous colitis and *** frequency of *** infection(CDI)has increased in recent decades,with 453000 cases identified in 2011 in the *** is related to antibiotic-selection pressure,disruption of normal host intestinalmicrobiota and emergence of antibiotic-resistant *** *** burden of community-acquired CDI has been increasingly appreciated,with disease identified in patients previously considered low-risk,such as young women or patients with no prior antibiotic *** has been identified in livestock animals,meat products,seafood and *** has been postulated that the pool of *** in the agricultural industrymay contribute to human *** is widespread environmental dispersal of *** *** households,turf lawns and public spaces are extensively contaminated,providing a potential reservoir for community-acquired *** Australia,this is particularly associated with porcine-derived *** UK PCR ribotype 014/*** this article,the epidemiological differences between hospital-and community-acquired CDI are discussed,including some emerging evidence for community-acquired CDI being a possible zoonosis.

关键词： Clostridium difficile healthcare-associated infections zoonoses

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Evaluation of adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence-based system in rooms occupied by patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus

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Infectious Medicine 2022年第3期1卷 217-220页

作者： Anna Montgomery Kimberly Hammer Dubert Guerrero Tze Shien Lo Department of Research San Francisco VA Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Medicine University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health SciencesGrand ForksNDUSA Department of Infection Prevention Fargo VA Healthcare SystemFargoNDUSA Department of Infection Prevention Sanford HealthFargoNDUSA

Background:Adenosine triphosphate(ATP)-based monitoring systems can detect the amount of organic matter that remains on hospital surfaces after *** evaluated an ATP-based monitoring system in assessing con-tamination of high touched objects in rooms occupied by patients on methicillin resistant *** ***:We compared the ATP to standard aerobic cultures as well as to gloved hand culture to predict risk of healthcare-worker hand ***:More than a third of high touch object surfaces were measured unclean with ATP yet only reflects about 5%chance of contaminating healthcare-workers’***:Our study emphasizes the shortcomings of using the ATP system even in pathogen specific environ-ment such as surfaces in methicillin resistant *** rooms.

关键词： Environment healthcare-associated infections Hand hygiene Infection prevention Infection control MRS

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Neonatal and Young Infant Sepsis in a Regional Hospital in Ghana

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 281-300页

作者： Innocent Afeke Misa Hirose Kokou Hefoume Amegan-Aho Christoph Haertel Mareike Becker Ahmed Moustafa Paul Schilf Mohamed Tarek Badr Graceful Lord Mensah Hintermann Kobina Mbroh Jan Rupp Saleh Ibrahim Luebeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Paediatrics School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Paediatrics University Hospital Würzburg University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany Department of Biology Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Laboratory American University in Cairo New Cairo Egypt Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Medical Center-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine Freiburg Germany Department of Paediatrics Ho Teaching Hospital Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ho Teaching Hospital Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem that mainly affects low- and middle-income countries. We have previously shown that early neonatal mortality is high at the Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) of Ghana. We sought to determine the prevalence of neonatal sepsis, sepsis-related mortality, and bacterial species patterns in neonatal and young infant sepsis in this hospital. Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted in the hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from March to June 2018. Blood samples from 96 babies clinically diagnosed with or at risk of sepsis were cultured using the BACTEC 9050® machine. Clinical data including gravida, parity and antibiotic medication before delivery of mother and delivery type, gestation, birth weight and antibiotic medication status were collected for analysis. MALDI-TOF MS identified bacterial isolates, and their identities were confirmed via tuf gene sequence typing. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2. Results: Blood cultures were positive in 28 of the babies, with 14 and 12 representing early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis, respectively, and two cases of unknown sepsis type. Of the bacterial species that caused sepsis in the babies, coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS)

关键词： Neonatal Sepsis Neonatal Mortality healthcare-associated infections Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Ho Teaching Hospital of Ghana

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