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Understanding unusually high levels of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN) in winter in Urban Jinan,China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第9期30卷 249-260页

作者： Lu Liu Xinfeng Wang Jianmin Chen Likun Xue Wenxing Wang Liang Wen Dandan Li Tianshu Chen Environment Research Institute School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShandong University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan University Institute for Climate and Global Change Research School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing University

Peroxyacetyl nitrate （PAN）, as a major secondary pollutant, has gained increasing worldwide attentions, but relevant studies in China are still quite limited. During winter of 2015 to summer of 2016, the ambient levels of PAN were measured continuously by an automatic gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector （GC-ECD） analyzer at an urban site in Jinan （China）, with related parameters including concentrations of 03, NO, NO2, PM2.5, HONO, the photolysis rate constant of NO2 and meteorological factors observed concurrently. The mean and maximum values of PAN concentration were （1.89 ± 1.42） and 9.61 ppbv respectively in winter, and （2.54 ± 1.44） and 13.47 ppbv respectively in summer. Unusually high levels of PAN were observed during severe haze episodes in winter, and the formation mechanisms of them were emphatically discussed, Study showed that high levels of PAN in winter were mainly caused by local accumulation and strong photochemical reactions during haze episodes, while mass transport played only a minor role. Accelerated photochemical reactions （compared to winter days without haze） during haze episodes were deduced by the higher concentrations but shorter lifetimes of pAN, which was further supported by the sufficient solar radiation in the photolysis band along with the high concentrations of precursors （NO2, VOCs） and HONO during haze episodes. In addition, significant PAN accumulation during calm weather of haze episodes was verified by meteorological data.

关键词： Peroxyacetyl nitrate Winter haze episodes North China Plain

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Elaborations of the influencing factors on the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols in a heavily polluted urban area of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 406-417页

作者： Shuang Wang Qiyuan Wang Ting Zhang Suixin Liu Steven Sai Hang Ho Jie Tian Hui Su Yong Zhang Luyao Wang Tingting Wu Junji Cao School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNevada89512United States Hong Kong Premium Services and Research Laboratory KowloonHong Kong SARChina Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In this study,online water-soluble inorganic ions were detected to deduce the formation mechanism of secondary inorganic aerosol in Xianyang,China during *** dominant inorganic ions of sulfate(SO_(4)^(2-)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))(the sum of those is abbreviated as SNA)accounted for 17%,21%,and 12% of PM_(2.5)mass,*** the air quality deteriorated from excellent to poor grades,the precursor gas sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))of SO_(4)^(2-)increased and then decreased with a fluctuation,while nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))and ammonia(NH_(3)),precursors of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),and SNA show increasing *** factors including boundary layer height(BLH),temperature,and wind speed also show decline trends,except relative humidity(RH).Meanwhile,the secondary conversion ratio shows a remarkable increasing trend,indicating that there was a strong secondary *** the perspective of chemical mechanisms,RH is positively correlated with sulfur oxidation ratios(SOR),nitrogen oxidation ratios(NOR),and ammonia conversion ratios,representing that the increase of humidity could promote the generation of ***,SOR and NOR were also positively related to the *** the one hand,the low wind speed and BLH led to the accumulation of *** the other hand,the increases of RH and ammonia promoted more formations of SNA and PM_(2.5).The results advance our identification of the contributors to the haze episodes and assist to establish more efficient emission controls in Xianyang,in addition to other cities with similar emission and geographical characteristics.

关键词： haze episodes Secondary inorganic aerosol Secondary conversion ratio Meteorological factors

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Optical and Radiative Properties of Aerosols during a Severe haze Episode over the North China Plain in December 2016

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第6期31卷 1045-1061页

作者： Yu ZHENG Huizheng CHE Leiku YANG Jing CHEN Yaqiang WANG Xiangao XIA Hujia ZHAO Hong WANG Deying WANG Ke GUI Linchang AN Tianze SUN Jie YU Xiang KUANG Xin LI Enwei SUN Dapeng ZHAO Dongsen YANG Zengyuan GUO Tianliang ZHAO Xiaoye ZHANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Institute of Atmospheric Composition of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081 School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000 Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau Shijiazhuang 050081 Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 6 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Institute of Meteorological Science of Jilin Province Changchun 130062 Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling of Ministry of Education Department of Earth System Scienceand Joint Center for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

The optical and radiative properties of aerosols during a severe haze episode from 15 to 22 December 2016 over Beijing, Shijiazhuang, and Jiaozuo in the North China Plain were analyzed based on the ground-based and satellite data, meteorological observations, and atmospheric environmental monitoring data. The aerosol optical depth at 500 nm was 〈 0.30 and increased to 〉 1.4 as the haze pollution developed. The Angstr6m exponent was 〉 0.80 for most of the study period. The daily single-scattering albedo was 〉 0.85 over all of the North China Plain on the most polluted days and was 〉 0.97 on some particular days. The volumes of fine and coarse mode particles during the haze event were approximately 0.05-0.21 and 0.01-0.43 μm^3, respectively-that is, larger than those in the time without haze. The daily absorption aerosol optical depth was about 0.01-0.11 in Beijing, 0.01-0.13 in Shijiazhuang, and 0.01-0.04 in Jiaozuo, and the average absorption Angstrom exponent varied between 0.6 and 2.0. The aerosol radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere varied from -23 to -227, -34 to -199, and -29 to -191 W m^-2 for the whole haze period, while the aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere varied from -4 to -98, -10 to -51, and -21 to -143 W m^-2 in Beijing, Shijiazhuang, and Jiaozuo, respectively. Satellite observations showed that smoke, polluted dust, and polluted continental components of aerosols may aggravate air pollution during haze episodes. The analysis of the potential source contribution function and concentration-weighted trajectory showed that the contribu- tion from local emissions and pollutants transport from upstream areas were 190-450 and 100-410 btg m-3, respectively.

关键词： haze episodes aerosols optical properties radiative forcing North China Plain

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Comprehensive Analysis of the Optical and Radiative Properties of Aerosols during a Severe haze Episode over the North China Plain in December 2016

Comprehensive Analysis of the Optical and Radiative Properti...

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第十三届全国气溶胶会议

作者： Yu ZHENG Huizheng CHE Leiku YANG Jing CHEN Yaqiang WANG Xiangao Xia Hujia ZHAO Hong WANG Deying WANG Ke GUI Linchang AN Tianze SUN Jie YU Xiang KUANG Zengyuan GUO Tianliang ZHAO Xiaoye ZHANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing University of Information Science&Technology State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LASW)and Institute of Atmospheric Composition Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesCMA School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau Laboratory for Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Meteorological Center CMA Institute of Meteorological Science of Jilin Province Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Scienceand Joint Center for Global Change Studies(JCGCS)Tsinghua University

We used information from a number of sources—including ground-based and satellite data, meteorological observations and atmospheric environmental monitoring data—in an attempt to understand the optical and radiative properties of aerosols during a severe haze episode over Beijing, Shijiazhuang and Jiaozuo in the North China Plain from 15 to 22 December *** aerosol optical depth at 500 nm was 1.4 as the haze pollution *** ?ngstr?m exponent was >0.80 for most of the study *** daily single-scattering albedo was >0.85 over all of the North China Plain on the most polluted days and was >0.97 on some *** volumes of fine and coarse mode particles during the haze event were .05–0.21 μm3 and .01–0.43 μm3, respectively—that is, larger than on the days without *** daily absorption aerosol optical depth was .01–0.11 at Beijing, .01–0.13 at Shijiazhuang and .01–0.04 at Jiaozuo and the average absorption ?ngstr?m exponent varied between 0.6 and *** aerosol radiative forcing at the bottom of the atmosphere varied from-23 to-227,-34 to-199 and-29 to-191 W m-2 for the whole haze period, while the aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere varied from-4 to-98,-10 to-51 and-21 to-143 W m-2 at Beijing, Shijiazhuang and Jiaozuo, *** observations showed that the smoke, polluted dust and polluted continental components of aerosols may aggravate air pollution during haze *** potential source contribution function and concentration-weighted trajectory analysis showed that the contribution from local emissions and pollutants transported from upstream areas were 90–450 and 100–410 μg m-3, respectively.

关键词： haze episodes aerosols optical properties radiative forcing North China Plain

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