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Bromide ion mediated modification to digestive ripening process： Preparation of ultra-small Pd, Pt, Rh and Ru nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 2007-2017页

作者： Jhumur Seth Bhagavatula L. V. Prasad Physical and Material Chemis try Division National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India

Nanoparticles of catalytically important transition metals, such as Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru have been prepared by the well-known ＂digestive ripening＂（DR） and ＂modified digestive ripening＂（mDR） methods. In the traditional DR process, a polydisperse colloidal dispersion is refluxed in the presence of a surface-active molecule, such as alkanethiol. The mDR method involved a small modification in the procedure, wherein refluxing was performed with an alkanethiol and a tetra-alkylammonium bromide surfactant. This minor modification led to a dramatic change in the final particle size distributions, giving access to nano- particles in the 〈3 nm size regime; this was not possible with the traditional DR process. Bromide ions, which are present during refluxing, proved to be an important ingredient in the modification process. These bromide ions are revealed to act as etchants, resulting in ultra-small nanoparticles. All transition metal nanoparticles investigated displayed catalytic activity in the reduction reaction of p-nitro phenol. Pd nanoparticles, synthesized by a modified digestive ripening method, exhibited the best catalytic activity among the systems investigated.

关键词： digestive ripening ultra-small nanoparticles halide ions catalysis

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Reviewing the impact of halides on electrochemical CO_(2) reduction

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Nano Research Energy 2023年第1期2卷 58-70页

作者： Zebi Zhao Jiguang Zhang Ming Lei Yanwei Lum State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications&School of Integrated Circuits Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis wayInnovisSingapore 138634Singapore

Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is a promising technology for mitigating global warming and storing renewable *** low-cost and efficient electrocatalysts with high selectivity is a priority to facilitate CO_(2) *** ion(F^(-),Cl^(-),Br^(-),I^(-))modified electrocatalysts is a potential strategy to promote CO_(2) reduction and suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Therefore,a comprehensive review of the role and mechanism of halide ions in the CO_(2)RR process can help better guide the future design of efficient *** this review,we first discuss the role of halide ions on the structure and morphology of ***,the relationship between the halide ions and the valence states of the active sites on the catalyst surface is further elaborated ***,the mechanisms of halide in enhancing CO_(2) conversion efficiency are also summarized,including the involvement of halide ions in electron transfer and their influence on the reaction ***,we conclude with a summary and future outlook.

关键词： energy conversion CO_(2)reduction reaction electrocatalysts halide ions catalytic mechanism

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