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Understanding the excretion rates of methylmercury and inorganic mercury from human body via hair and fingernails

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第9期34卷 59-67页

作者： Wei Zhang Fen Li Lingjian Gao Guangyi Sun Zikang Cui Fengfeng Chen Ping Li Xinbin Feng Lihai Shang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Tea(Pu’er) West Yunnan University of Applied SciencesDali 665000China School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Effective biomarkers are necessary to better understand the human mercury(Hg) exposure levels. However, mismatched biomarker sampling method causes extra uncertainty in assessing the risk of Hg exposure. To compare the differences between hair and fingernail, and further understand the excretion rates of methylmercury(MeHg) and inorganic mercury(IHg) via hair and fingernails, the total mercury(THg), Me Hg, and IHg concentrations in paired hair and fingernail samples were investigated through paired samples collected from two typical mining areas, Wanshan mercury mine area(WMMA) and Hezhang zinc smelting area(HZSA). The positive correlation in THg, MeHg, and IHg concentrations( p hair and fingernail samples indicated that those two biomarkers can be corrected in application of assessing human Hg exposure. Compared to fingernails, the hair was suggested to be a more sensitive biomarker as the concentration of THg, MeHg and IHg were 2~4 times higher than those in fingernails. Furthermore, the amounts of THg, MeHg, and IHg excreted via hair were 70~226 times higher than that excreted via fingernails, and the hair plays a more important role than fingernails in the excretion of Hg from human bodies. Present study therefore provides some new insights to better understand the fate of human assimilated Hg.

关键词： Mercury Methylmercury hair Fingernails Biomarker Excretion rate

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Androgen receptor inhibits the hair follicle induction potential of dermal papilla cells by binding with Tcf4 at the A574 binding site

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第1期10卷 51-54页

作者： Nanlan Yu Tianxing Hu Haichao Yangg Lian Zhang Lin Zhu Xiaofang Zhou Fei Xiang Xichuan Yang Yuhong Li Department of Dermatology Southwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Department of Cell Biology Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Institute of Burn Research State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjurySouthwest HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China

Androgenic alopecia(AGA)is the most common type of clinical alopecia.Androgen receptor(AR)is the most logical candidate gene for regulating the occurrence of AGA.Dermal papilla cells(DPCs)are a special kind of mesenchymal cells,located in the hair bulb of hair follicles.DPCs play a role in maintaining and inducing the periodic cycling of hair follicles,and are considered as a key cell target of androgen in hair follicles.

关键词： clinical hair cycling

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Arabidopsis CAP1 mediates ammonium-regulated root hair growth by influencing vesicle trafficking and the cytoskeletal arrangement in root hair cells

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第10期49卷 986-989页

作者： Juanjuan Yu Xiaonan Ma Lianlian Wang Nannan Dong Kai Wang Qingye You Yifei Xu Chong Wang Zhiping Dong Zhaobin Shi Shaojun Dai Ling Bai Chun-Peng Song State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan 475001China Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology College of Life SciencesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiangHenan 453007China Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Plant root hairs are essential for mineral and water absorption,which possess sophisticated sensory mechanisms to allow them to respond to different environmental signals.Ammonium(NH^(+))is a major form of nitrogen in... 详细信息

关键词： arrangement hair Arabidopsis

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Functional hair follicle regeneration:an updated review

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第3期6卷 723-733页

作者： Shuaifei Ji Ziying Zhu Xiaoyan Sun Xiaobing Fu Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department and 4th Medical Center PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegePLA Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin InjuryRepair and RegenerationResearch Unit of Trauma CareTissue Repair and RegenerationChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU051Beijing 100048People's Republic of China

The hair follicle(HF)is a highly conserved sensory organ associated with the immune response against pathogens,thermoregulation,sebum production,angiogenesis,neurogenesis and wound healing.Although recent advances in lineage-tracing techniques and the ability to profile gene expression in small populations of cells have increased the understanding of how stem cells operate during hair growth and regeneration,the construction of functional follicles with cycling activity is still a great challenge for the hair research field and for translational and clinical applications.Given that hair formation and cycling rely on tightly coordinated epithelial-mesenchymal interactions,we thus review potential cell sources with HF-inducive capacities and summarize current bioengineering strategies for HF regeneration with functional restoration.

关键词： healing wound hair

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β-catenin activation in hair follicle dermal stem cells in duces ectopic hair outgrowth and skin fibrosis

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第1期11卷 26-38页

作者： Yixin Tao Qingchun Yang Lei Wang Jie Zhang Xuming Zhu Qianqian Sun Yunbin Han Qian Luo Yushu Wang Xizhi Guo Ji Wu Baojie Li Xiao Yang Lin He Gang Ma Bio-X-Renji Hospital Research Center Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders(Ministry of Education) Bio-X InstitutesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Life Science and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Proteomics Genetic Laboratory of Development and DiseasesInstitute of BiotechnologyBeijing 100071China

hair follicle dermal sheath(DS)harbors hair follicle dermal stem cells(hfDSCs),which can be recruited to replenish DS and dermal papilla(DP).Cultured DS cells can differentiate into various cell lineages in vitro.However,it is unclear how its plasticity is modulated in vivo.Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in maintaining stem cells of various lineages and is required for HF development and regeneration.Here we report that activation ofβ-catenin in DS generates ectopic HF outgrowth(EF)by reprogramming HF epidermal cells and DS cells themselves,and endows DS cells with hair inducing ability.Epidermal homeostasis of pre-existing HFs is disrupted.Additionally,cell-autonomous progressive skin fibrosis is prominent in dermis,where the excessive fibroblasts largely originate from DS.Gene expression analysis of purified DS cells with activatedβ-catenin revealed significantly increased expression of Bmp,Fgf,and Notch ligands and administration of Bmp,Fgf,or Notch signaling inhibitor attenuates EF formation.In summary,our findings advance the current knowledge of high plasticity of DS cells and provide an insight into understanding how Wnt/β-catenin signaling controls DS cell behaviors.

关键词： Wnt/β-catenin fibrosis hair follicle skin cell differentiation

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NANOG Alleviates the Damage of Human hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells Caused by H_2O_2 through Activation of AKT Pathway

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期32卷 272-280页

作者： SHI Jia Hong ZUO Kui Yang ZHANG Ying Yao WANG Bo HAN Xing LIAN Ao Bo LIU Jin Yu Department of Toxicology School of Public HealthJilin University

Objective To explore the protective effect of NANOG against hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)-induced cell damage in the human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells(hHF-MSCs). Methods NANOG was expressed from a lentiviral vector, pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen. NANOG hHF-MSCs and vector hHF-MSCs were treated with 400 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2) for 2 h, the cell survival rate, cell morphology, ROS production, apoptosis and expression of AKT, ERK, and p21 were determined and compared. Results Our results showed that NANOG could activate AKT and upregulate the expression of p-AKT, but not p-ERK. When treated with 400 μmol/L H_2O_2, NANOG hHF-MSCs showed higher cell survival rate, lower ROS production and apoptosis, higher expression of p-AKT, higher ratio of p-AKT/AKT. Conclusion Our results suggest that NANOG could protect hHF-MSCs against cell damage caused by H_2O_2 through activating AKT signaling pathway.

关键词： NANOG homeobox protein hair follicles Mesenchymal stem cells Hydrogen peroxide AKT

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A role for the Tgf-β/Bmp co-receptor Endoglin in the molecular oscillator that regulates the hair follicle cycle

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第1期11卷 39-52页

作者： Maria I.Calvo-Sanchez Sandra Fernandez-Martos Elisa Carrasco Gema Moreno-Bueno Carmelo Bernabeu Miguel Quintanilla Jesus Espada Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas'Alberto Sols' Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)-Departamento de BioqufmicaUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid(UAM)Madrid 28029Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Biosanitarias Facultad de Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Francisco de Vitoria(UFV)Pozuelo de Alarcon 28223Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Cancer(CIBERONC) Spain Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)and Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER)Madrid 28040Spain Centro Integrativo de Biologfa y Quimica Aplicada Universidad Bernardo O'HigginsSantiago 8370854Chile Instituto Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria(IRYCIS) Hospital Universitario Ramon y CajalMadridSpain

The hair follicle is a biological oscillator that alternates growth,regression,and rest phases driven by the sequential activation of the proliferation differentiation programs of resident stem cell populations.The activation of hair follicle stem cell niches and subsequent entry into the growing phase is mainly regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signalling,while regression and resting phases are mainly regulated by Tgf-β/Bmp/Smad activity.A major question still unresolved is the nature of the molecular switch that dictates the coordinated transition between both signalling pathways.Here we have focused on the role of Endoglin(Eng),a key co-receptor for members of the Tgf-β/Bmp family of growth factors.Using an Eng haploinsufficient mouse model,we report that Eng is required to maintain a correct follicle cycling pattern and for an adequate stimulation of hair follicle stem cell niches.We further report thatβ-catenin binds to the Eng promoter depending on Bmp signalling.Moreover,we show thatβ-catenin interacts with Smad4 in a Bmp/Eng-dependent context and both proteins act synergistically to activate Eng promoter transcription.These observations point to the existence of a growth/rest switching mechanism in the hair follicle that is based on an Eng-dependent feedback cross-talk between Wnt/β-catenin and Bmp/Smad signals.

关键词： Endoglin hair follicle skin stem cells Wnt/β-catenin Tgf-β/Bmp/Smad

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Increased dietary intake of tyrosine upregulates melanin deposition in the hair of adult black-coated dogs

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 422-428页

作者： Adrian Watson Jamie Wayman Russell Kelley AlexANDre Feugier Vincent Biourge Royal Canin Research Centre 30470 AimarguesFrance Royal Canin Pet Health Nutrition Center LewisburgOH 45338USA

The principle determinant of melanin derived hair colour and patterning in mammals is genetic, but environmental factors are now thought to play a role. It has been shown that the concentration of melanins in cat hair is influenced by the amino acid composition of their diets. Also, puppies were found to require tyrosine(Tyr) intake significantly greater than that recommended for normal growth and development in order to optimize melanin expression in their coats. Much of the work to date has been conducted in growing animals. Less is known about the relationship between nutrition and hair melanin deposition in healthy adult animals. In this study, we fed 2 groups of adult black Labrador retrievers(12 dogs/group) different concentrations of Phe + Tyr(5.6 vs. 3.5 g/Mcal) for 24 weeks and used spectrophotometric measurements every 8 weeks to detect any associated changes in the dogs' hair colour.The higher intake dogs showed reduced dilution of their black coat pigment compared with the lower intake dogs. Specifically, following 16 weeks at the higher intake, the dogs showed less yellow pigmentation to their coats(P = 0.0032), and after 24 weeks at the higher intake, the dogs showed less red(P hair-coat of adult dogs is dependent on dietary intake of Tyr, and that the requirement appears to be in excess of the minimum level recommended to maintain health.

关键词： Canine Phenylalanine Amino acids hair colour Eumelanin Pheomelanin

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Sulfur-encapsulated in heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon derived from goat hair for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第3期28卷 121-131页

作者： Juan Ren Yibei Zhou Huali Wu Fengyu Xie Chenggang Xu Dunmin Lin College of Chemistry and Materials Science Sichuan Normal University

Biomass-derived carbon materials have aroused widespread concern as host material of sulfur to enhance electrochemical performances for lithium–sulfur batteries. Herein, goat hair, as a low-cost and eco-friendly precursor, is employed to fabricate cauliflower-like in-situ nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus tri-doped porous biomass carbon(NOPC) by a facile activation with H_3PO_4 and carbonization process.The morphology and microstructure of NOPC can be readily tuned by altering pyrolysis temperature. The as-prepared NOPC matrix material carbonized at 600 °C possesses 3D hierarchical porous structure, high specific surface area(535.352 m^2 g^(-1)), and appropriate pore size and pore size distribution. Encapsulating sulfur into the NOPC depends on a stem-melting technology as cathode materials of Li–S batteries. Due to the synergistic effect of special physical structure and inherent tri-doping of N, O and P, electrons and ions transfer and utilization of active sulfur in the materials are improved, and the shuttle behaviors of soluble lithium polysulfides are also mitigated. Consequently, the S/NOPC-600 composite exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, giving a high initial discharge capacity of 1185 mA h g^(-1) at 0.05 C and maintaining a relatively considerable capacity of 489 m A h g^(-1) at 0.2 C after 300 cycles. Our work shows that a promising candidate for cathode material of Li–S batteries can be synthesized using low-cost and renewable biomass materials by a facile process.

关键词： Biomass-derived carbon materials Goat hair Nitrogen Oxygen and phosphorus tri-doping Lithium sulfur batteries

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Evaluation of the safety of hair essence containing 0.05% purified bee venom on the skin and eyes of rabbits

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第1期40卷 67-72页

作者： Mi Kyung Lim Eun Hye Han Sang Ho Lee Jee Hee Kim R&D Center KoreaeundanGyeonggi-do 13207Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety of hair essence containing 0.05%purified bee venom(HE-PBV)on the skin and eyes of New Zealand White rabbits.METHODS:HE-PBV which contained 0.05%PBV,purified water,and glycerin,was used as the test substance.The skin-irritation test(SIT)and eye-irritation test(EIT)were conducted according to the Draize method.On the SIT,HE-PBV(0.5 m L)dropped gauze was attached both intact and abraded skin for 24 h.The other side of the skin was used as control.After 24 and 72 h,the treatment site was observed and scored according to evaluation criteria for skin reactions.On the EIT,the rabbits were divided into two groups:eye-washed(three rabbits)and non-eye-washed(six rabbits).HE-PBV(0.1 m L)was squirted into the right eye of rabbits.The left eye was untreated and used as a control.Then,20-30-s later,the eyes of rabbits in the eye-washed group were washed with^50 m L of physiologic(0.9%)salt solution.Then,1,2,3,4 and 7 d after the start of the EIT,the eyes and behavior of the rabbits were observed.The degree of eye irritation elicited by HE-PBV was determined in three steps and then the criteria of the classification of eye-irritation scores.RESULTS:The SIT revealed erythema and edema at the site of HE-PBV application.At 72 h,the body weight of rabbits was reduced slightly,but other symptoms(except erythema and edema)were not observed.The Primary Irritation Index score was0.6,and HE-PBV was deemed to be a slight irritant.The EIT did not show mortality or body-weight fluctuation,but hyperemic conjunctiva and eyelid closure were noted after HE-PBV administration.Except for these results,the score for the ophthalmic response on days 1,2,3,4 and 7 was 0,and HE-PBV was deemed to be a non-irritant.CONCLUSION:These data suggest that HE-PBV did not elicit eye irritation,but was a slight irritant to the skin of rabbits;the latter slight would have been due to the excipients used in manufacture of the hair essence because PBV has been shown to be safe.

关键词： Alopecia Bee Venoms hair essence Skin irritancy tests Eye irritancy tests Complementary therapies

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