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Electroacupuncture alleviates ciliary muscle cell apoptosis in lens-induced myopic guinea pigs through inhibiting the mitochondrial signaling pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第12期16卷 1942-1951页

作者： Zhao-Hui Yang Jia-Wen Hao Jin-Peng Liu Bo Bao Tu-Ling Li Qiu-Xin Wu Ming-Guang He Hong-Sheng Bi Da-Dong Guo Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan 250014Shandong ProvinceChina Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shandong Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Optometry and Adolescent Low Vision Prevention and ControlJinan 250002Shandong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and TherapyMedical College of Optometry and OphthalmologyShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250002Shandong ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)on the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic signaling pathway in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with negative lensinduced myopia(LIM).METHODS:guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control(NC)group,LIM group,LIM+SHAM acupoint(LIM+SHAM)group,and LIM+EA group.Animals in the NC group received no intervention,while those in other three groups were covered with-6.0 diopter(D)lenses on right eyes.Meanwhile,animals in the LIM+EA group received EA at Hegu(LI4)combined with Taiyang(EX-HN5)acupoints,while those in the LIM+SHAM group were treated at sham points.After treatments for 1,2,and 4wk,morphological changes in ciliary muscles were observed with hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining and nick end labeling(TUNEL),and the expression of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway-related molecules in ciliary muscles was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)and Western blot.Additionally,the adenosine triphosphate(ATP)contents were also determined in ciliary muscles.RESULTS:Axial length increased significantly in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups and decreased in the LIM+EA group.The ciliary muscle fibers were broken and destroyed in both LIM and LIM+SHAM groups,whereas those in the LIM+EA group improved significantly.TUNEL assay showed the number of apoptotic cells increased in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups,whereas reduced in the LIM+EA group.ATP contents showed a significant decrease in the LIM and LIM+SHAM groups,whereas increased after EA treatment.Compared with the NC group,the dynamin-related protein 1(DRP1),Caspase3,and apoptotic protease activator 1(APAF1)levels were significantly increased in the LIM group and decreased in the LIM+EA group.CONCLUSION:The results provide evidence of EA inhibiting the development of myopia by regulating the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway.

关键词： myopia electroacupuncture ciliary muscle apoptosis mitochondrial signaling pathway guinea pigs

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guinea pigs as an animal model for sciatic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 452-457页

作者： Malik Abu Rafee Amarpal Prakash Kinjavdekar Hari Prasad Aithal Sajad Ahmad Wani Irfan Ahmad Bhat Division of Surgery Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia Division of Veterinary Biotechnology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia Division of Veterinary Physiology Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareillyUPIndia

The overwhelming use of rat models in nerve regeneration studies is likely to induce skewness in treatment outcomes.To address the problem,this study was conducted in 8 adult guinea pigs of either sex to investigate the suitability of guinea pig as an alternative model for nerve regeneration studies.A crush injury was inflicted to the sciatic nerve of the left limb,which led to significant decrease in the pain perception and neurorecovery up to the 4th weak.Lengthening of foot print and shortening of toe spread were observed in the paw after nerve injury.A 3.49 ± 0.35 fold increase in expression of neuropilin 1（NRP1） gene and 2.09 ± 0.51 fold increase in neuropilin 2（NRP2） gene were recorded 1 week after nerve injury as compared to the normal nerve.Ratios of gastrocnemius muscle weight and volume of the experimental limb to control limb showed more than 50% decrease on the 30 th day.Histopathologically,vacuolated appearance of the nerve was observed with presence of degenerated myelin debris in digestion chambers.Gastrocnemius muscle also showed degenerative changes.Scanning electron microscopy revealed loose and rough arrangement of connective tissue fibrils and presence of large spherical globules in crushed sciatic nerve.The findings suggest that guinea pigs could be used as an alternative animal model for nerve regeneration studies and might be preferred over rats due to their cooperative nature while recording different parameters.

关键词： nerve regeneration guinea pigs animal model sciatic nerve injury foot print length neuropilin histopathology neural regeneration

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Effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor on cough response in guinea pigs sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第11期117卷 1620-1624页

作者：吕寒静邱忠民魏为利余莉刘瑞麟张敏 Department of Respiratory Medicine Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200065 China

BACKGROUND: There is currently considerable interest in the potential value of selective inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4 in the treatment of asthma. However, whether they influence eosinophilic airway inflammation-associated cough remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor SB207499 on cough response and airway inflammation in guinea pigs sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. METHODS: Forty sensitized guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: control (n = 10), challenge (n = 10), SB207499 (n = 10) and aminophylline (n = 10), then challenged with aerosol of 1% ovalbumin or saline. Two hours later, animals were intraperitoneally injected with either saline, 25 mg/kg of SB207499 or aminophylline. At the 24th hour, the injection was repeated with 2.5 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg SB207499 or aminophylline, then cough response to inhaled capsaicin and airway responsiveness to methacholine inducing a 150% of the peak airway pressure to the baseline (PC150) was measured. Finally, total cell number and differentials in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were analysed. RESULTS: The cough frequency per 3 minutes and PC150 in the challenge group were (22 +/- 4) times/3 minutes and (198 +/- 54) microg/ml, which were significantly different from (6 +/- 2) times/3 minutes and (691 +/- 81) microg/ml in the control group (P

关键词： 3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase Animals Bronchial Hyperreactivity Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Cough Cyclic AMP Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids Dose-Response Relationship, Drug guinea pigs Male Ovalbumin Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

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Changes of nitric oxide synthase and cyclic guanosine mono-phosphate in form deprivation myopia in guinea pigs

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第24期120卷 2238-2244页

作者： WU Jie LIU Qiong YANG Xiao YANG Hui WANG Xin-mei ZENG Jun-wen State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510060 China

Background The form deprivation （FD） reduces spatial contrasts and induces myopia. Nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate （cGMP） are involved in visual signal transmission. This study investigated changes in nitric oxide synthase （NOS） activity and cGMP concentration in ocular tissues in acute and chronic form deprivation myopia. Methods guinea pigs had one eye covered by translucent glass for 7, 14 or 21 days. Untreated litter mates were used as controls. NOS activity and cGMP concentrations in the retinal, choroidal and scleral tissues of FD eyes and control eyes were analyzed by radioimmunoassay after various durations of FD. The expression of NOS subtypes was identified by immunohistochemistry. Results Myopia was successfully induced in FD eyes after 14 days. Compared with control groups, the retinal NOS activity and cGMP concentrations in the FD eyes significantly increased after 14 and 21 days while the retinal NOS activity in the FD eyes was transiently suppressed by 7 days of FD. The NOS activity and cGMP concentrations of choroid and sclera in the FD eyes were higher than in the control groups at 21 days. The three isoenzymes of nitric oxide synthase were detected in the ocular tissues of guinea pigs. Conclusions The NOS activity and cGMP concentrations were upregulated after chronic FD and the retinal NOS activity was transiently suppressed at acute FD. The function of elevated NOS activity may be mediated by cGMP.

关键词： cyclic GMP growth guinea pigs myopia nitric oxide synthase

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Effects of gentamicin on choline acetyltransferase expression in paraolivary nucleus neurons of guinea pigs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第11期3卷 1229-1232页

作者： Mingguang Zhao Xiaochen Wang Yong Liang Peng Xie Xuejun Guo Jinjiang Li WeiWang Department of Neurosurgery General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA Shenyang 110016 Liaoning Province China Department of Medical Branch General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA Shenyang 110016 Liaoning Province China

BACKGROUND： It is generally accepted that gentamicin can damage the cochlear nerve and acoustic nerve. In recent years, scholars have focused on neuronal changes and neurochemical information in the brainstem primary auditory center. OBJECTIVE： To explore morphological changes of choline acetyltransferase （ChAT）-positive neurons in the paraolivary nucleus （PON） of guinea pigs, and the effect on hearing following gentamicin injection. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized grouping and morphological observational study was performed at Animal Experimental Center of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January to August 2007. MATERIALS： A total of 48 healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into model （n = 40） and control （n = 8） groups. The model group was divided into five subgroups at five time points of 1 and 3 days, 1, 2, and 3 weeks. METHODS： guinea pigs in the model group were intraperitoneally injected with gentamicin, and those in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of saline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Auditory brainstem-evoked potential was used to record auditory threshold; distribution and morphological changes of ChAT-positive neurons in the PON were observed with immunohistochemistry; section area and gray value of ChAT-positive neurons were measured with Quantimet 570 image-analyzing system. RESULTS： ChAT-positive neurons were diffusedly distributed in the PON. The majority was composed of large, round cells, with positive neurites that could be clearly observed. Following gentamicin injection, the positive neurons displayed an irregular outline, and their neurites began to shorten and disappear. The gray value increased with prolonged gentamicin administration （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, the somatic cross-sectional area was enlarged in the model group at 1 and 3 days after injection （P 〈 0.05）, whereas cell number significantly decreased at ;three weeks after injection （P 〈 0.05）. Starting at 3-4 days, behavioral features and auditory deg

关键词： choline acetyltransferase gentamicin guinea pigs paraolivary nucleus

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Effects of U-50 488H a k-agonist on action potentials of isolated ventricular papillary muscle of guinea pigs

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1994年第1期 37-39页

作者： SHENG Jian-Zhong, DONG Hui, WONG Tak-Ming(Department of Physiology, Faculty oj Medicine, The University oj Hong Kong, Hong Kong) Recipient of a fellowship from Sun Yat Sen Foundation, now in Department of Physiology, Zhejiang Meidical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Trans (+-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[ 2-( 1-pyrrolidinyl ) cyclohexyl ]-benzeneacetamide-methanesulfonate-hydrate (U-50 488H), a specific K-agonist. at 1 - 10 μmol·L-1 caused concentration-dependent reductions in the action potential duration at 5.0% and 90% of repolarization (APD50 and APD90) without modifying the resting potential (RP), the action potential amplitude (APA) and the maximal upstroke velocity (Vmax). The effects were attenuated by (- )- (lR,5R.9R)-5,9-diethyl-2-(3-furylmethyI)-2 L - hydroxy- 6 , 7 - benzomorphan (Mr 2266 BS, 1 μmol·L-1), a specific K-antagonist which itself had no effect on the action potentials of the ventricular papillary muscle of guinea pigs, indicating that U-50 -188H at 1-10 μmol·L-1 acts via specific cardiac K-receptors. At 100 μmol·L-1, U-50 488H not only shortened APD50 and APD90 but also reduced RP, APA, and Vmax which were not attenuated by Mr 2266 BS (1 μmol·L-1) suggesting that the effects of U-50 488H at 100 μmol · L-1 were probably nonspecific.

关键词： U-50 488H Mr 2266 BS endorphin receptors action potentials papillary muscles guinea pigs

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Ingestion and In VivoDigestibility of a Concentrated Granulated Feed Containing Seeds of Moringa oleiferaAssociated with Pennisetum purpureumin guinea pigs

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 782-791页

作者： David Fokom Wauffo Fernand Tendonkeng Emile Miégoué France-Gina Djoumessi Tobou Camara Sawa Mama Mouchili Gilles Azangue Jiope Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Bangangte Cameroon Department of Animal Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institute of Agronomic Research of guinea Conakry Guinea Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

In order to contribute to the improvement of guinea pig nutrition through the use of unconventional vegetable protein sources (Moringa oleifera seeds), experimental trials were carried out at the Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit (URPRONAN) of the University of Dschang in April 2018. Moringa oleifera seeds from North Cameroon were divided into three treatments: the first consisted of whole Moringa oleifera seeds (MO-whole), the second of Moringa oleifera seeds soaked in cold water for 24 hours (MO-water) and the third of peeled Moringa oleifera seeds (MO-peeled). The seeds belonging to these three treatments were analyzed for the determination of the chemical composition before being incorporated into the different concentrates. Each concentrate was then granulated and combined with Pennisetum purpureum to make up the different rations. 40 English guinea pigs with an average weight of 350 ± 50 g were used to evaluate the ingestion and digestibility of each ration. During the digestibility test which lasted 17 days (10 days of adaptation and 07 days of data collection), each ration was repeated on 10 guinea pigs. The main results showed that the total tannin and phenol contents decreased significantly (p Moringa oleifera seeds soaked for 24 hours or pulped can be used in guinea pig feed as an alternative source of protein.

关键词： Chemical Composition Digestibility Ingestion guinea pigs Moringa oleifera Pennisetum purpureum

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Thermal Diversities of Two Na^+/H^+ Exchanges in guinea Pig Red Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第3期14卷 171-179页

作者： JI HONG-LONG 1Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA Department of Cellular Biology University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA. ji@physiology.uab.edu

Objective\ To test the effect of hypothermia on Na+/H+ exchange, activated by shrinkage and cytoplasmic acidosis. Method\ Amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx in guinea pig red cells was traced with isotope 22Na and intracellular Na+ concentration was measured by emission flame photometry. Result\ Amiloride-sensitive Na+ influx decreased linearly as a function of temperatures (about 37℃) in shrunken cells, but increased in acidified cells. The up-regulation of acid-induced Na+/H+ exchange by elevated temperature was enhanced by hypo-osmolarity. Less sensitivity of intracellular H+ site at 41℃ may be the mechanism for the inhibition of shrinkage-induced Na+/H+ exchange by elevated temperature. Heating-mediated explosive increase in the activity of acid-induced Na+/H+ exchange may be due to enhanced extracellular Na+ sensitivity and lower intracellular pH caused by acidic metabolites. Acid-induced Na+/H+ ewxchange contributes to cytoplasmic Na+ accumulation. Conclusion\ These two modes of Na+/H+ exchange with different response to elevated temperature may play different roles in the cellular pathogenesis of heatstroke.

关键词： Animals Cell Culture Techniques Erythrocytes guinea pigs Heat Stroke Hydrogen Ion Exchange Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Sodium Temperature

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Effect of temperature on the activation of myocardial K_(ATP) channel in guinea pig ventricular myocytes: a pilot study by whole cell patch clamp recording

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第20期119卷 1721-1726页

作者： JIN San-qing NIU Li-jun DENG Chun-yu YAO Zhi-bin ZHOU Ying-jie Department of Anaesthesia Huangpu Division First AffiliatedHospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510080 China Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Preclinical Medicine School Sun Yat-senUniversity Guangzhou 510080 China Research Centre of Medical Sciences Guangdong CardiovascularInstitute Guangzhou 510080 China Department of Physiology School of Medicine First MilitaryMedical University Guangzhou 510515 China

Background The myocardial ATP sensitive potassium channel （KATP channel） has been known for more than two decades, the properties of this channel have been intensively investigated, especially the myocardial protection effect by opening this channel. Numerous studies, including hypothermic, using KATP agonists to achieve a hyperpolarizing cardioplegic arrest, have shown a better myocardial protection than potassium arrest. However, there is no evidence showing that KATP channel could be opened by its agonists under profound hypothermia. We investigated the effect of temperature on activation of myocardial KATP channel by nicorandil.Methods Isolated ventricular myocytes were obtained by collagenase digestion of the hearts of guinea pigs and stored in KB solution at 4℃. With a steady ground current, the myocytes were perfused with 1 mmol/L nicorandil until a steady IKATP occurred. Then the cells were perfused with 1 mmol/L nicorandil plus 1 μmol/L glybenclamide. Currents signals were recorded on whole cells using patch clamp technique at several temperatures. The temperature of the bath solution around myocytes was monitored and was controlled at 4℃, 10℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 35℃ respectively. About 10 cells were tested at each temperature, the cells were considered useful only when the outward current could be induced by nicorandil and blocked by glybenclamide. All data were analyzed using Graphpad PRISM 3.0 （Graphpad, San Diego, CA, USA）. Nonlinear curve fitting was done in Clampfit （Axon） or Sigmaplot （SPSS）.Results At 4℃, 10℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 35℃, the time needed to open the myocardial KATP channel was （81.0±0） minutes, （50.54±11.7） minutes, （28.84±2.3） minutes, （9.4± 10.2） minutes and （2.3± 1.0） minutes respectively （P=0.003）. The linear relationship between temperature and time needed to open the channel was y （min） = （4348.790±124.277x）/60, where y （min） is time needed to open KATP channel, x is temperature, correlation coefficient r =-0.942 （P=0.00）, regression coefficient b =-124.277 （P=0.00）. The current densiti

关键词： temperature ATP-sensitive potassium channel nicorandil myocardium, heart ventricles guinea pigs patch-clamp techniques

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A new can didate vaccine for human brucellosis based on influenza viral vectors:a preliminary investigation for the development of an immunization schedule in a guinea pig model

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 56-65页

作者： Dina Bugybayeva Zhailaubay Kydyrbayev Nadezhda Zinina Nurika Assanzhanova Bolat Yespembetov Yerken Kozhamkulov Kunsulu Zakarya Sholpan Ryskeldinova Kaissar Tabynov Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems 15 MomushulyGvardeyskiy 080409Kazakhstan Kazakh National Agrarian University 8 Abay AvenueAlmaty 050010Kazakhstan Research Institute of Cardiology and Internal Medicine 120 Aiteke biAlmaty 050000Kazakhstan.

Background:A new candidate vector vaccine against human brucellosis based on recombinant influenza viral vectors(rIVV)subtypes H5N1 expressing Brucella outer membrane protein(Omp)16,L7/L12,Omp19or Cu-Zn SOD proteins has been developed.This paper presents the results of the study of protection of the vaccine using on guinea pigs,including various options of administering,dose and frequency.Provided data of the novel vaccine candidate will contribute to its further movement into the preclinical stage study.Methods:General states of guinea pigs was assessed based on behavior and dynamics of a guinea pig weight-gain test.The effectiveness of the new anti-brucellosis vector vaccine was determined by studying its protective effect after conjunctival,intranasal and sublingual administration in doses 10^(5) EID50,10^(6) EID_(50) and 10^(7) EID_(50) during prime and boost vaccinations of animals,followed by challenge with a virulent strain of B.melitensis 16 M infection.For sake of comparison,the commercial ft melitensis Rev.1 vaccine was used as a control.The protective properties of vaccines were assessed by quantitation of Brucella colonization in organs and tissues of infected animals and compared to the control groups.Results:It was observed a gradual increase in body weight of guinea pigs after prime and booster immunization with the vacci ne using conjunctival,intra nasal and subli ngual routes of administration,as well as after using various doses of vaccine.The most optimal way of using the vaccine has been established:double intranasal immunization of guinea pigs at a dose of 10^(6) EID50, which provides 80%protection of guinea pigs from B.melitensis 16 M infection(Pguinea pig model.We believe that because of these studies,the proposed vaccine has achieved the best level of protectio

关键词： Human brucellosis Influenza viral vectors Vaccine candidate Protection guinea pigs Immunization route Vaccination dose

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