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Effects of TiO_2 nanoparticles on the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrrhiza: Evaluation of growth parameters, pigment contents and antioxidant enzyme activities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期30卷 130-138页

作者： Ali Movafeghi Alireza Khataee Mahboubeh Abedi Roshanak Tarrahi Mohammadreza Dadpour Fatemeh Vafaei Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of Tabriz Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Near East University Department of Horticultural Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Tabriz

Plants are essential components of all ecosystems and play a critical role in environmental fate of nanoparticles. However, the toxicological impacts of nanoparticles on plants are not well documented. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles（TiO2-NPs） are produced worldwide in large quantities for a wide range of purposes. In the present study, the uptake of TiO2-NPs by the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrrhiza and the consequent effects on the plant were evaluated.Initially, structural and morphological characteristics of the used TiO2-NPs were determined using XRD, SEM, TEM and BET techniques. As a result, an anatase structure with the average crystalline size of 8 nm was confirmed for the synthesized TiO2-NPs. Subsequently, entrance of TiO2-NPSto plant roots was verified by fluorescence microscopic images. Activity of a number of antioxidant enzymes, as well as, changes in growth parameters and photosynthetic pigment contents as physiological indices were assessed to investigate the effects of TiO2-NPs on S. polyrrhiza. The increasing concentration of TiO2-NPs led to the significant decrease in all of the growth parameters and changes in antioxidant enzyme activities. The activity of superoxide dismutase enhanced significantly by the increasing concentration of TiO2-NPs. Enhancement of superoxide dismutase activity could be explained as promoting antioxidant system to scavenging the reactive oxygen species. In contrast, the activity of peroxidase was notably decreased in the treated plants. Reduced peroxidase activity could be attributed to either direct effect of these particles on the molecular structure of the enzyme or plant defense system damage due to reactive oxygen species.

关键词： TiO2 nanoparticles Spirodela polyrrhiza growth parameters Antioxidant enzymes Pigment contents

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Effects of preparation parameters on growth and properties of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) film

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第1期32卷 440-447页

作者：陈子豪王永胜张宁周兵高洁吴艳霞马永黑鸿君申艳艳贺志勇于盛旺 College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

The Ga_(2)O_(3) films are deposited on the Si and quartz substrates by magnetron sputtering, and annealing. The effects of preparation parameters(such as argon–oxygen flow ratio, sputtering power, sputtering time and annealing temperature)on the growth and properties(e.g., surface morphology, crystal structure, optical and electrical properties of the films) are studied by x-ray diffractometer(XRD), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer(UV-Vis). The results show that the thickness, crystallization quality and surface roughness of the β-Ga_(2)O_(3) film are influenced by those parameters. All β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films show good optical properties. Moreover, the value of bandgap increases with the enlarge of the percentage of oxygen increasing, and decreases with the increase of sputtering power and annealing temperature, indicating that the bandgap is related to the quality of the film and affected by the number of oxygen vacancy defects. The I–V curves show that the Ohmic behavior between metal and β-Ga_(2)O_(3) films is obtained at 900℃. Those results will be helpful for the further research of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) photoelectric semiconductor.

关键词： β-Ga_(2)O_(3) magnetron sputtering growth parameters optical and electrical properties

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Population dynamics of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata(Mollusca,Bivalvia,Ostreidae)in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 295-305页

作者： Joanna W.Doinsing Julian Ransangan Politeknik Sandakan Sabah Education HubBatu 10Jalan Sungai BatangSandakanSabah90000Malaysia Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu88400Malaysia

Knowledge about the population dynamics within a specific spatial area is vital for the effective planning and management of important fishery resources.Population parameters,including the asymptotic length(L∞),growth coefficient(K),mortalities(Z,F,and M),recruitment pattern,exploitation level(E),and yield per recruit(Y’/R),of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia were analyzed by using the FiSAT software,using on the monthly shell length-frequency data collected from April 2019 to March 2020.A total of 435 oysters with shell lengths ranging from 3.64 to 11.16 cm were analyzed.Habitat water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen,hydrogen ion concentration(pH),and chlorophyll concentration were measured at 29.0-33.7◦C,26.68-35.74 psμ,3.18-6.99 mg/L,6.57-8.29 and 1.51-98.93μg/L,respectively.The logarithmic relationship between the length and weight of Log W=1.9055 Log L+0.1049(R2=0.5431)with exponent b of 1.9055 for combined sexes showed a negative allometric growth(bgrowth,including the use of genetically selected seeds,selection of new farming sites and adoption of grow-out methods that favour high meat growth.Asymptotic length(L∞)and growth coefficient(K)of the von Bertalanffy growth Formula(VBGF)for M.bilineata were estimated at 12.13 cm and 1.00 yr􀀀1,respectively.The theoretical ages at length zero(t0)(0.0487)were estimated by substituting L∞and K in Pauly’s equation.The sizes attained by M.bilineata were 3.76,5.04,6.13,7.05,7.83,and 8.49 cm at the end of 2,4,6,8,10,and 12 months,respectively.The calculated growth performance index(φ)for M.bilineata in Mengkabong Bay was 2.168,while the estimated lifespan was 3 years.The recruitment pattern was observed year-round,with higher recruitment activities in September-October 2019 and January 2020.The total mortality(Z)was analyzed using the length-converted catch curve and estimated at 3.04 yr^(-1),fishin

关键词： Crassostrea iredalei Length-weight relationship growth parameters Recruitment Exploitation

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Assessing growth parameters from Culm Cuttings of Bambusa vulgaris at the University of Dschang Botanic Garden, West Region of Cameroon: Implications for the Bamboo Resource Base and Rural Livelihoods

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Open Journal of Forestry 2022年第1期12卷 88-106页

作者： Gilles Ananfack Baurel Atchombou Herman T. Zanguim Nyong Princely Awazi Steve N. Tassiamba Loic T. Tientcheu Barnabas Neba Nfornkah Rene Kaam Martin N. Tchamba Laboratory of Environmental Geomatics Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences The University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Forestry and Wildlife Technology College of Technology The University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon The International Bamboo and Rattan Organization (INBAR) Yaoundé Cameroon

Dwindling supplies of bamboo resources and the increase in the demand for bamboo have led to the need for better propagation techniques. This is the only way to ensure the sustainability of the bamboo resource base and improve livelihoods. Thus, this study was carried out to examine the different growth parameters of culm cuttings of Bambusa vulgaris in propagation beds with a substrate consisting of dark soil, manure (compost) and sand in a ratio of 1:1:1. Data on different growth parameters was collected on a daily basis over a three week period and analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that the different growth parameters (diameter, height, leaves and sheaths) of culm cuttings of B. vulgaris evolved in like manner in three propagation beds. Descriptive statistics for growth parameters of culm cuttings of B. vulgaris showed little or no differences across three shelter/propagation beds (shelter bed 1, shelter bed 2 and shelter bed 3) with 1.4675 ± 1.6172 cm, 93 ± 112 cm, 22 ± 30 leaves, and 4 ± 6 sheaths being the mean diameter, height, number of leaves and number of sheaths for all three propagation beds, respectively. ANOVA test showed no statistically significant variation (p > 0.05) between growth parameters of culm cuttings of B. vulgaris across the three propagation beds, implying that the different growth parameters were relatively similar. Pearson correlation showed the existence of direct and inverse relationships between the different growth parameters of culm cuttings of bamboo. The existence of these direct and inverse relationships could be attributed to the rapid growth rate of bamboo, the substrate used, and the species of bamboo used (B. vulgaris). The study recommends more large-scale propagation projects of this bamboo species in order to ensure the sustainability of the bamboo resource base and im

关键词： Bamboo Bambusa vulgaris growth parameters Culm Cuttings University of Dschang Botanic Garden Cameroon

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Experimental parameters during optical floating zone crystal growth of rare earth silicides

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Rare Metals 2014年第3期33卷 343-347页

作者： Yi-Ku Xu Yong-Nan Chen Ya-Jie Guo Lin Liu Jun Zhang Wolfgang Lser School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an University State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Institute for Solid State Research Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research

Optical floating zone（FZ） crystal growth involving growth stability and as-grown crystal perfection is affected by experimental conditions and the specific material. Referring to rare earth silicides, high purity of raw rare earth elements and ambient argon atmosphere are crucial to grow high-quality crystals; the maximum zone height is determined by equating the capillary forces of the surface tension; and asymmetric counter rotation of crystal and feed rod with convex（toward the melt） interfaces are favored to reach single crystals. Influences of several other growth parameters were also discussed in detail in this paper.

关键词： Floating zone technique Crystal growth growth parameters Rare earth silicides

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Effect　of　growth　parameters　on　Core　Length　of　Φ76．2mm　Heavily　Sb－doped　Si　Crystals

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Rare Metals 1995年第2期14卷 150-153页

作者：曾世铭何林王君毅常青许江华

An M-shaped interface was observed in the top part of Φ76. 2 mm , (111) , dislocation-free, heavily Sb-doped Si single crystals, which is beneficial for crystals to keep dislocation-free condition at the beginning ofbody growth. Effects of seed rotation, crucible rotation , crown shape and growth rate on M-shaed interfacewere studied. Under proper conditions, impurity core length can be shortened from 6 cm to 1 cm , the yield israised by more than 5 %.

关键词： Heavily Sb-doped Si crystals growth parameters Impuritycore

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Effect of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on growth, Mineral Composition, and Nutritional Value of Wheat & Lentil Sprouts

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1117-1128页

作者： Abdul Momin Amana Khatoon Wajahat Khan Dilsat Bozdoğan Konuşkan Muhammad Mudasar Aslam Muhammad Jamil Shafiq Ur Rehman Baber Ali Alevcan Kaplan Sana Wahab Muhammad Nauman Khan Sezai Ercisli Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Department of Botany Kohat University of Science&TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Department of Food Engineering Faculty of AgricultureHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatay31000Türkiye Department of Botany University of Science&TechnologyBannu28100Pakistan Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Kohat University of Science&TechnologyKohat26000Pakistan Department of Biology University of HaripurKhyber Pakhtunkhwa22620Pakistan School of Science Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNew South Wales2151Australia Department of Crop and Animal Production Sason Vocational SchoolBatman UniversityBatman72060Türkiye Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad45320Pakistan Department of Botany Islamia College PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Horticulture Agricultural FacultyAtaturk UniversityErzurum25240Türkiye HGF Agro Ata TeknokentErzurumTR-25240Türkiye Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Sprouts are ready-to-eat and are recognized worldwide as functional components of the human diet.Recent advances in innovative agricultural techniques could enable an increase in the production of healthy food.The use of light-emitting diode(LED)in indoor agricultural production could alter the biological feedback loop,increasing the functional beneﬁts of plant foods such as wheat and lentil sprouts and promoting the bioavailability of nutrients.The effects of white(W),red(R),and blue(B)light were investigated on the growth parameters and nutritional value of wheat and lentil sprouts.In the laboratory,seeds were sown under three different LED treat-ments:white,red,and blue light,while normal incandescent light served as a control.Percentage seed germina-tion improved by 18.34%and 12.67%for wheat and 18.34%and 12.67%for lentil sprouts under LED treatments R and B,respectively.An increase in total soluble protein and sugar by 33.4%and 9.23%in wheat and by 31.5%and 5.87%in lentils was observed under the R LED treatment.Vitamin C concentrations in wheat and lentils were signiﬁcantly increased by R LED compared to all other treatments.Other parameters,including potassium and sodium concentrations,were signiﬁcantly increased under red and blue light compared to the control;white light,on the other hand,signiﬁcantly decreased all these parameters.According to the experimental data,red and blue LED light could be beneﬁcial in the production of functional wheat and lentil sprouts with high nutrient concentrations.

关键词： growth parameters LED nutritional value sprouts total soluble proteins

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Efficiency of Bio-Fertilizing as One of the Natural Alternatives to Improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni Trees and for Sustainability

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 292-310页

作者： Safaa A. S. Ghorab Nashwa H. Mohamed Nader A. El-Shanhorey Nabal S. El-Shahat Amr R. Rabie Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Ismailia Egypt Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Alexandria Egypt Botanical Gardens Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Alexandria Egypt Forestry and Timber Trees Department Horticulture Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt

A field experiment was carried out at Ismailia Research Station, Ismailia Governorate from 2020-2022 to improve the growth of Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni by using a combination of mineral fertilizer (NPK) and biological fertilizer (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium, and Bacillus circulant) as recommended dose under new sandy soils conditions. Split plot designed with four treatments (Control, (50% Mineral fertilizer (M.) + 50% Biological fertilizer (Bio.)), 100% M. and 100% Bio.) of each species. Vegetative growth, leaf area, tree biomass, stored carbon, basal area, tree volume, and in the soil both of microbial account and mineral content were determined. The experimental results showed no significant differences between studied species among the most studied parameters except for Khaya senegalensis which gave the highest significant difference in root biomass and below-stored carbon than Swietenia mahagoni. Evidently, the highest significant growth parameters were 100% mineral fertilizer followed by (50% M. + 50% Bio.) as compared with control. No significant difference between 100% M. and (50% M. + 50% Bio.) of shoot dry biomass (15.19 and 12.02 kg, respectively) and above-stored carbon (0.28 and 0.22 Mt, respectively). Microbial account and mineral content in soil were improved after cultivation of tree species compared to before planting and control, especially with 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, a treatment containing 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bio-fertilizer has led to the ideal Khaya senegalensis and Swietenia mahagoni growth in sandy soil for cheaper and sustainable.

关键词： Khaya senegalensis Swietenia mahagoni Mineral Fertilizer Bio-Fertilizer growth parameters Tree Biomass Stored Carbon Sustainable

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The growth parameters and Mortalities of Five Species of Synodonits in the Lower River Benue at Makurdi

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Journal of Zoological Research 2021年第3期3卷 33-43页

作者： Akombo,Pauline Mbakaan Atile,John Iornyiman Shima,Judith Nguvan Department of Biological Sciences Benue State UniversityMakurdiNigeria

The growth parameters and mortalities of five species of Synodontis in the lower river Benue at Makurdi,Benue State were studied from January,2016 to December,2018.The asymptotic length(L∞)calculated for the five species ranged from 18.80cm in S.clarias females to 37.04cm in S.membranaceus females.The t0 values were all negative in the combined sexes of S.clarias,S.omias,S.gambiensis and S.membranaceus.In both combined sexes of S.membranaceus and S.schall,the t0 values were positive.The growth rate(K)was low in S.clarias and S.omias(0.301-0.497,0.171-0.310)respectively and higher in S.membranaceus(0.310-0.640),S.schall females(0.430-0.580);S.schall males(0.573),S.gambiensis(0.500-0.571).growth performance index(Ø’)was 2.212 in S.gambiensis and 2.946 in S.schall combined.Natural Mortality(M)ranged from 0.5422 in S.omias females to 1.3340 in S.membranaceus males.Fishing Mortality(F)was 0.8214 in S.omias combined and 3.0934 in S.membranaceus females.Total mortality(Z)ranged from 1.52 in S.omias combined to 4.078 in S.membranaceus combined.Mean Exploitation(E)ratios was 0.61 in S.clarias,0.64 in S.omias,0.53 in S.gambiences,0.70 in S.membranaceus,and 0.66 in S.schall.The rate at which these species survived in the River was low(from 0.147,in S.omias combined,to 1.482 in S.membranaceus combined).

关键词： growth parameters Mortalities Synodontis River Benue

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Microalgae Improve the Photosynthetic Performance of Rice Seedlings(Oryza sativa L.)under Physiological Conditions and Cadmium Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第7期91卷 1365-1380页

作者： Ekaterina Yotsova Martin Stefanov Georgi Rashkov Margarita Kouzmanova Anelia Dobrikova Emilia Apostolova Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology Biological FacultySofia UniversitySofiaBulgaria

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on the rice seedlings at physiological conditions and under cadmium(Cd)stress.We examined the effects of C.vulgaris in the nutrient solution on rice seedlings grown hydroponically in the presence and the absence of 150μM CdCl2,using the low(77 K)temperature and pulse amplitude modulated(PAM)chlorophyll fluorescence,P700 photooxidation measurements,photochemical activities of both photosystems,kinetic parameters of oxygen evolution,oxidative stress markers(MDA,H_(2)O_(2) and proline),pigment content,growth parameters and Cd accumulation.Data revealed that the application C.vulgaris not only stimulates growth and improves the functions of photosynthetic apparatus under physiological conditions,but also reduces the toxic effect of Cd on rice seedlings.Furthermore,the presence of the green microalgae in the nutrient solution of the rice seedlings during Cd exposure,signifi-cantly improved the growth,photochemical activities of both photosystems,the kinetic parameters of the oxygen-evolving reactions,pigment content and decreased lipid peroxidation,H_(2)O_(2) and proline content.Data showed that the alleviation of Cd-induced effects in rice seedlings is a result of the Cd sorption by microalgae,as well as the reduced Cd accumulation in the roots and its translocation from the roots to the shoots.

关键词： Chlorella vulgaris growth parameters low temperature chlorophyll fluorescence PAM chlorophyll fluorescence photosynthesis rice stress markers

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