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Comparison of growth and nutrient uptake capacities of three dominant species of Qinhuangdao green tides

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第4期42卷 114-123页

作者： Hongbin Han Ruobing Wen Hui Wang Sheng Zhao North China Sea Ecological Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources Qingdao 266033China Key Laboratory of Ecological Prewarning Protection and Restoration of Bohai SeaMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China

Since 2015, green tides have been blooming in offshore waters of Qinhuangdao, with serious impacts on the local ecological environment and tourism. Ulva australis, Bryopsis plumosa, and U. prolifera are the dominant species of Qinhuangdao green tides, following a sequential succession pattern. Ulva prolifera is the dominant species,with the highest biomass and the greatest influence on the local ecological environment. To study the reason of green tide dominant species succession and U. profilera became the dominant species with the largest biomass,we compared and analyzed the growth and nutrient uptake capacity of the three algae. The results showed that temperature significantly affects the growth of the three species. Within the temperature range of the experimental setup, the optimum temperature for the growth of U. australis, B. plumosa and U. profilera is10℃, 15℃, and 20–25℃, respectively. Combined with the temperature variation trend during green tide bloom development, we believe that temperature is the key environmental factor for the succession of the dominant species. Ulva prolifera has a higher growth rate than U. australis and B. plumosa under the same nitrate,ammonium, and phosphate levels. Significant differences in the maximum absorption rate(R_(max)) and R_(max)/Ks(the relationship between uptake rate and substrate concentration) values indicated that U. prolifera had an apparent competitive advantage over U. australis and B. plumosa regarding nutrient uptake. Therefore, the strong growth and nutrient uptake capacities of U. prolifera might be the main reason for becoming the dominant species with the largest biomass in Qinhuangdao green tides.

关键词： growth nutrient uptake dominant specie green tide Qinhuangdao

A cyclic effect of cAMP and calcium signaling contributes to jujube growth and development

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农业科学学报:英文版 2023年第7期22卷 2094-2110页

作者： WANG Li-xin WANG Lin-xia ZHANG Meng-ling QU Ying-yue YUAN Ye Ehsan SADEGHNEZHAD GAO Meng-jiao ZHAO Ruo-yu QI Chao-feng GUO Xiao-xue ZHU Wen-hui LI Rui-mei DAI Li LIU Meng-jun LIU Zhi-guo College of Horticulture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China Research Center of Chinese Jujube Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001P.R.China Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education/College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069P.R.China Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Biological SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTeheran 14115Iran

3´,5´-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)is an important metabolite that is specifically enriched in jujube.However,the effect of cAMP on jujube cellular responses has not been comprehensively studied.Here,we established jujube cell suspension cultures and investigated the calcium influx in response to cAMP treatment through protoplast isolation and fluorescence intensity.Firstly,cAMP treatment could promote jujube growth and increase the content of endogenous cAMP.Using transcriptome analysis with transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing adenylate cyclase(ZjAC)as a positive control,we identified 60 calcium-related differential expressed genes(DEGs)that contributed to the calcium signaling and inter-or intra-cellular responses.Pharmacological treatments such as cAMP and the calcium ionophore A23187 could induce ZjAC expression,the accumulation of cAMP and calcium influx in jujube cells,while ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid(EGTA)or bithionol treatment inhibited these changes.Moreover,the calcium channels and transporters in calcium influx,such as the ZjCNGC2 channel and the mitogen activated protein(MAP)kinase pathway,could be activated by cAMP treatment.In summary,our findings demonstrated that cAMP biosynthesis is dependent on calcium influx and the amplifying effect between calcium and cAMP may be involved in intracellular signal induction,which might contribute to the growth and development of jujube.

关键词： cAMP calcium growth suspension cells protoplast signaling jujube

Age, growth and Maturation of Largehead Hairtail (Trichiurus japonicus) in the East China Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第5期21卷 1244-1250页

作者： CHENG Shuo SUN Peng LIU Yang CHEN Qi SHI Zhengtong SUN Runlong College of Fisheries Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Largehead hairtail(Trichiurus japonicus)is a commercially important fish species in China Seas,characterized by wide distribution,seasonal migration,spawning all year round.Under long-term high fishing pressure,the biological traits of largehead hair-tail have changed,such as miniaturization,smaller size-at-age and earlier age-at-maturation.To explore its current biological charac-ters,we analyzed age,growth and maturation of largehead hairtail in the East China Sea by analyzing the otolith microstructure and gonads.The results showed that largehead hairtail is mainly composed of 1 year and 2 years old individuals.The estimated von Ber-talanffy growth function(VBGF)showed significant differences between sexes,and asymptotic pre-anal length of male is longer than that of female.Two spawning seasons were observed in spring and autumn by monthly gonadosomatic index(GSI).Compared to historic survey data,the average pre-anal length at age decreased and size-at-maturation became smaller in the East China Sea.This study updates life history parameters of largehead hairtail,and provides a reference for the present status of largehead hairtail,which can contribute to largehead haritail stock assessment and sustainable utilization in the China Seas.

关键词： Trichiurus japonicus East China Sea age growth maturation

OsNPF5.16, a nitrate transporter gene with natural variation, is essential for rice growth and yield

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 397-406页

作者： Jie Wang Renjing Wan Haipeng Nie Shaowu Xue Zhongming Fang Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education) College of Agricultural SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Center of Applied Biotechnology Wuhan University of BioengineeringWuhan 430415HubeiChina College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Rice has a large number of nitrate or peptide transporter family(NPF) genes, but the effects of most members on rice growth and development are unknown. We report that Os NPF5.16, a nitrate transporter gene with natural variation in its promoter sequence, is essential for rice growth and yield. The promoter sequence showed various differences between indica and japonica cultivars, and higher expression of Os NPF5.16 was found in indica cultivars with higher plant weight and more tillers than japonica cultivars.Os NPF5.16 was highly expressed in roots, tiller basal parts, and leaf sheaths, and its protein was localized on the plasma membrane. In c RNA-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes, Os NPF5.16 transport of nitrate at high nitrate concentration depended on p H. Overexpression of Os NPF5.16 increased nitrate content and total nitrogen content in leaf sheath as well as biomass and tiller bud length in rice. Elevated expression of Os NPF5.16 increased rice tiller number and grain yield by regulating cytokinin levels. Inhibition of Os NPF5.16 expression showed the opposite effects. Regulating Os NPF5.16 expression has potential for improving rice grain yield.

关键词： Rice OsNPF5.16 Nitrate transporter Natural variation growth Grain yield

Effect of Long-Term Low-Salinity Culture on the Survival, growth, and Nutrient Composition of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第1期21卷 179-185页

作者： JI Zilu LI Ronghua WANG Chunlin ZHANG Zhouyi ZHANG Weijia MU Changkao SONG Weiwei Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology Ministry of EducationNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-Efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

This study investigated the effects of long-term low-salinity on the growth performance,proximate composition,amino acid and fatty acid profiles of Scylla paramamosain.The salinity of the low-salinity-culture group(LC)and maintained-salinity-cul-ture group(MC)were set at 5 and 25 respectively.After rearing for 30 d,the survival rate(SR)of the LC group was significantly lower,whereas the average daily molting frequency(ADMF)was significantly higher than those in MC group(Pgrowth rate(SGR)between the two groups.The moisture content of the LC group was slightly higher than the MC group without significant difference.The contents of ash,crude lipid and crude pro-tein in the LC group were lower than those in the MC group,but no significant differences were found except for ash content.A total of 17 free amino acids and 23 fatty acids were identified from the muscle of S.paramamosain.The total amino acids(TAA),essen-tial amino acids(EAA)and essential amino acid index(EAAI)had no significant difference between the two groups.The crabs from LC group had a significantly higher HUFA,including EPA,DHA,ARA.The percentage of n-3 PUFA and the ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFA were significantly higher in the LC group.These results indicated that S.paramamosain rearing at low salinity had significantly de-creased SR;however,the low-salinity environment significantly promoted the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids(UFAs),espe-cially the n-3 PUFA,which might be related to the osmoregulation mechanism.

关键词： Scylla paramamosain low salinity survival growth nutrient composition

Novel models for simulating maize growth based on thermal time and photothermal units: Applications under various mulching practices

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1381-1395页

作者： LIAO Zhen-qi ZHENG Jing FAN Jun-liang PEI Sheng-zhao DAI Yu-long ZHANG Fu-cang LI Zhi-jun Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas Ministry of EducationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041P.R.China

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the three major food crops and an important source of carbohydrates for maintaining food security around the world.Plant height (H),stem diameter (SD),leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter (DM) are important growth parameters that influence maize production.However,the combined effect of temperature and light on maize growth is rarely considered in crop growth models.Ten maize growth models based on the modified logistic growth equation (Mlog) and the Mitscherlich growth equation (Mit) were proposed to simulate the H,SD,LAI and DM of maize under different mulching practices based on experimental data from 2015–2018.Either the accumulative growing degree-days (AGDD),helio thermal units (HTU),photothermal units (PTU) or photoperiod thermal units (PPTU,first proposed here) was used as a single driving factor in the models;or AGDD was combined with either accumulative actual solar hours (ASS),accumulative photoperiod response (APR,first proposed here) or accumulative maximum possible sunshine hours (ADL) as the dual driving factors in the models.The model performances were evaluated using seven statistical indicators and a global performance index.The results showed that the three mulching practices significantly increased the maize growth rates and the maximum values of the growth curves compared with non-mulching.Among the four single factor-driven models,the overall performance of the Mlog_(PTU)Model was the best,followed by the Mlog_(AGDD)Model.The Mlog_(PPTU)Model was better than the Mlog_(AGDD)Model in simulating SD and LAI.Among the 10 models,the overall performance of the Mlog_(AGDD–APR)Model was the best,followed by the Mlog_(AGDD–ASS)Model.Specifically,the Mlog_(AGDD–APR)Model performed the best in simulating H and LAI,while the Mlog_(AGDD–ADL)and Mlog_(AGDD–ASS)models performed the best in simulating SD and DM,respectively.In conclusion,the modified logistic growth equations with AGDD and either APR,ASS or ADL as the dual driving factors outperformed the commonly used modified

关键词： thermal time accumulative growing degree-days helio thermal units photothermal units growth model

Sodium acetate can promote the growth and astaxanthin accumulation in the unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis as revealed by a proteomics approach

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第5期40卷 2052-2067页

作者： Xinlei YU Xin YE Chaoyang HU Nianjun XU Xue SUN Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Haematococcus pluvialis is an ideal natural source of strong antioxidant astaxanthin.Sodium acetate(NaAc)was proven an effective organic carbon source for improving algal growth and astaxanthin production;however,the underlying mechanism remains obscure.To reveal the mechanism of NaAc at the green vegetative stage of H.pluvialis,the physiochemical characteristics and the global protein expression profiles obtained using a tandem mass tag labeling approach were compared between the control(CK)and two NaAc-addition groups.Results show that after NaAc addition,the biomass,nitrate consumption rate,and activities of three carbohydrate metabolism enzymes of H.pluvialis were significantly increased,and the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content decreased.In addition,astaxanthin,total carbohydrates,and total lipids were accumulated,and some red cells appeared in the NaAc5 group.Moreover,317 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)with the most altered expression patterns were screened out in the CK vs.NaAc5 comparison in our proteomics study.All the DEPs involved in carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism were significantly increased,while most of the photosynthesis-related proteins were depressed in the two NaAc-treated groups.The proteomics results were verified and supported by parallel reaction monitoring approach and physiochemical data.Our findings demonstrate that NaAc promoted the tricarboxylic acid cycle,glyoxylate cycle,and amino acid and lipid synthesis,and inhibited the photo synthe sis-related activities,which consequently speeded up the growth and astaxanthin accumulation in this alga.

关键词： Haematococcus pluvialis sodium acetate(NaAc) growth differentially expressed protein proteomics approach

Dietary lysophospholipids improves growth performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第2期13卷 426-434页

作者： Mingxiao Che Ziye Lu Liang Liu Ning Li Lina Ren Shuyan Chi Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Kemin AquaScience Zhuhai 519040China

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary lysophospholipids combined with 1%dietary fish oil reduction on the growth performance and hepatic lipid metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).Five isonitrogenous feeds were prepared with lysophospholipids at 0%(fish oil group,FO),0.05%(L-0.05),0.1%(L-0.1),0.15%(L-0.15)and 0.2%(L-0.2),respectively.The dietary lipid was 11%in the FO diet and 10%in the other diets.Largemouth bass were fed for 68 d(initial body weight=6.04±0.01 g)with 4 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The results showed that the fish fed diet containing 0.1%lysophospholipids had higher digestive enzyme activity and obtained better growth performance compared to the fish fed FO diet(Pgrowth of largemouth bass.

关键词： Micropterus salmoides Lysophospholipids growth Low-fat diet Lipid metabolism

Seedling defoliation of cereal crops increases peanut growth and yield in an intercropping system

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 418-425页

作者： Bo Huang Xiaojin Zou Huasen Xu Jiayi Xu Huiyu Liu Wentao Sun Liang Gong Shiwei Niu Liangshan Feng Ning Yang Lizhen Zhang Zhanxiang Sun College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866LiaoningChina Center of International Cooperation Service Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110161LiaoningChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Intercropping cereals and legumes is practiced widely in the world for improving yields and economic benefits. Shorter legume crops in intercropping are shaded by taller cereals, substantially reducing legume growth and yield. Reducing shade in intercropping by shortening the plant height of cereals by seedling defoliation has been proposed as a practical approach to increase crop yields and land productivity. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of defoliation of cereal crops at seedling stage on the growth and yield of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) intercropped with corn(Zea mays L.) or millet(Setaria italica L.). In comparison with non-defoliation controls, defoliation reduced final plant height by 29 cm on average for corn and 18 cm for millet. Photosynthetically active radiation on peanut in intercropping systems with corn or millet intercropping was respectively 27.0% and 22.8% higher than those in controls, significantly improving the light environment of intercropped peanut. Net photosynthetic rates of peanut were on average 25.5% higher in corn and peanut intercropping and 19.6% higher in millet and peanut intercropping than those in non-defoliation controls. Total biomass of intercropped peanut increased owing to increased root growth. Across two years, yield of peanut intercropped with corn was 27.7% and with millet 32.8% higher than those of controls. Defoliation of cereal crops did not affect corn yield but significantly decreased millet yield by 24.5%. Our results suggest that applying seedling defoliation in intercropped corn could increase peanut yield without compromising corn yield in an intercropping system.

关键词： Plant height Strip intercropping Corn growth Root