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growth and yield responses to simulated hail damage in drip-irrigated cotton

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第8期21卷 2241-2252页

作者： WANG Le LIU Yang WEN Ming LI Ming-hua DONG Zhi-qiang CUI Jing MA Fu-yu Agricultural College Shihezi University/National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Information Management and Application Technology for Modern Agricultural Production(XPCC)Shihezi 832003P.R.China

The frequent occurrence of hailstorm in Xinjiang affects cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)production and causes enormous economic loss.The indeterminate growth habit of cotton allows for varying degrees of recovery and yield when different hail damage levels occur at different stages,which brings inconvenience to agricultural insurance claims and post-damage management.Therefore,this study aimed to elucidate cotton recovery and yield responses to different levels of simulated hail damage at different growth stages.Four levels of hail damage(0,30,60,and 90%)were simulated every 15 d from the five-leaf stage to the boll opening stage in 2018 and 2019,for a total of six times(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,and Ⅵ).The results showed that seed cotton yield decreased as the damage level increased and yield reduction increased when the damage was applied to older plants(for 30,60 and 90% damage levels,yield reduction was 9-17%,22-37% and 48-71%,respectively).One possible reason was that the leaf area index and leaf area duration of plant canopy decreased after hail damage,resulting in a reduction in the accumulation of above-ground biomass.However,when hail damage occurred before bloom,due to the indeterminate growth habit of cotton,the vegetative organs produced a strong compensation ability that promoted the bud development.The compensation ability of vegetative organs decreased when hail damage occurred after bloom and the recovery time was too short to promote new boll maturity.As the first study to understand the recovery of cotton after hail damage,it analyzed the leaf area index,leaf area duration,above-ground biomass accumulation and yield,rather than the yield alone.The findings are of great importance for cotton production as they inform decisions about post-damage management practices,yield forecasts and insurance compensation.

关键词： cotton compensation growth simulated hail damage yield

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growth of Micropropagated Solanum tuberosum L.Plantlets under Artificial Solar Spectrum and Different Mono-and Polychromatic LED Lights

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第2期8卷 205-214页

作者： Olga V.Grishchenko Eugeny P.Subbotin Irina V.Gafitskaya Yulia V.Vereshchagina Elena V.Burkovskaya Yulia A.Khrolenko Valeria P.Grigorchuk Olga V.Nakonechnaya Victor P.Bulgakov Yuri N.Kulchin Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690022Russia Institute of Automation and Control Processes Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostok 690041Russia

In agriculture,LED light sources have increasingly replaced the standard luminescent lamps and have acquired an important role in plant micropropagation.We studied the effect of different light sources such as narrow-band LEDs(bright blue,blue,green,yellow,deep red,and red)and wide-band LEDs(cold white,white,warm white,full spectrum,and an artificial solar spectrum sun box constructed by us)on development of potato plantlets in vitro.White luminescent lamps were used as a control.The light intensity of 49μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)was provided in all light treatments.We showed that the long-wave narrow-band light treatments were inapplicable for potato micropropagation,because plantlets were weak with small leaves,inhibited roots,and significantly elongated stems.Blue lights provided growth of shortened plantlets with large leaves,well-growing roots,and abundant green mass.The chlorophyll content was lower under blue and bright blue light and was at the same level in the remained treatments.Significant differences in the stomatal apparatus development were observed depending on the light source.These differences were not always reflected in the plantlet phenotype:e.g.,plantlets under blue and bright blue lights showed no differences in any characteristics except stomatal density and size of stomatal guard cells.We found no significant effect of blue light portion in the white lights and full spectrum on plantlet growth.An artificial solar spectrum sun box was the most suitable for potato micropropagation,because it supported the development of plantlets with good fitness,uniform internodes length,abundant roots and green mass accumulation.

关键词： Solanum tuberosum LED Artificial solar light growth Micropropagation

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The age at first consumption of forage in calves and its effect on growth and rumination in the short‑and long‑term

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 2143-2157页

作者： Jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson Maswayi Alugongo Hui Yang Muhammad Zahoor Khan Shuai Liu Yulin Ma Jingjun Wang Wei Wang Yajing Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition International Calf and Heifer OrganizationCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China

Background Previous investigations into the effect of dietary forage on calf performance have been inconsistent,and there is a paucity of information exploring the effect of age on the growth performance and rumination of calves.Eighty-four female Holstein calves(41.5±4.2 kg)were enrolled at birth,a subset of the calves were fed calf starter only(CON,n=21)while the rest(n=63)were classified into three treatment groups:the early(EHAY,n=26,5.1±0.8 d),the middle(MHAY,n=21,7.9±0.8 d)and the late(LHAY,n=16,12.1±1.4 d)hay consumers.The short-term effect of the age at first forage consump-tion(AFF)on calves’feed intake was monitored until d 84.In addition,the long-term effects of AFF on body weight,structural growth and rumination behavior were recorded until d 196.Rumen samples were collected on d 1,7,35,84 and 196 to ana-lyze the rumen fermentation,while fecal samples were collected from d 78 to 84 to estimate digestibility parameters.Results Treatment had no effect on feed intake.While,the EHAY calves tended to have lower BW and ADG compared to LHAY and CON calves.Several total-tract apparent digestibility parameters and digestible nutrients intake were significantly lower in EHAY calves compared with CON and LHAY calves.Calves in the EHAY group tended to begin ruminating ealier,while CON calves were the latest(12.3 vs.15.5 days of age).A treatment and time interaction was present for rumination time due to greater rumination in calves consuming hay compared to CON calves in week 10 to 12,the differences in rumination disappeared afterwards,no long-lasting significant differences in the rumina-tion and rumen fermentation parameters were found between treatments.Conclusions In conclusion,this study showed that hay consumption earlier in life(in the first week,around 5 days of life)could negatively affect the growth of the calf in the short and long term.Compared to consuming hay from the second week(around 12 days of life)or feeding concentrate only without hay,starting to consume hay from the first week could comprom

关键词： Age at first forage consumption Dairy calf growth Nutrient digestibility Rumen fermentation Rumination

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Light history modulates growth and photosynthetic responses of a diatom to ocean acidification and UV radiation

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第1期5卷 116-125页

作者： Wei Li Tifeng Wang Douglas A.Campbell Kunshan Gao State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science&College of Ocean and Earth Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Huangshan UniversityHuangshan245041China Co-innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology Jiangsu Ocean UniversityLianyungang222005China Biology Department Mount Allison UniversitySackvilleNBE4L 1G7Canada

To examine the synergetic effects of ocean acidification(OA)and light intensity on the photosynthetic performance of marine diatoms,the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii was cultured under ambient low CO_(2)(LC,390μatm)and elevated high CO_(2)(HC,1000μatm)levels under low-light(LL,60μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))or high-light(HL,220μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))conditions for over 20 generations.HL stimulated the growth rate by 128 and 99%but decreased cell size by 9 and 7%under LC and HC conditions,respectively.However,HC did not change the growth rate under LL but decreased it by 9%under HL.LL combined with HC decreased both maximum quantum yield(FV/FM)and effective quantum yield(ΦPSII),measured under either low or high actinic light.When exposed to UV radiation(UVR),LL-grown cells were more prone to UVA exposure,with higher UVA and UVR inducing inhibition ofΦPSII compared with HL-grown cells.Light use efficiency(α)and maximum relative electron transport rate(rETRmax)were inhibited more in the HC-grown cells when UVR(UVA and UVB)was present,particularly under LL.Our results indicate that the growth light history influences the cell growth and photosynthetic responses to OA and UVR.

关键词： Chlorophyll fluorescence growth Light intensity Ocean acidification Pigmentations UV radiation

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The FAPα-activated prodrug Z-GP-DAVLBH inhibits the growth and pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the AXL pathway

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第3期12卷 1288-1304页

作者： Geni Ye Maohua Huang Yong Li Jie Ouyang Minfeng Chen Qing Wen Xiaobo Li Huhu Zeng Pei Long Zepei Fan Junqiang Yin Wencai Ye Dongmei Zhang College of Pharmacy Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

Osteosarcoma is a kind of bone tumor with highly proliferative and invasive properties,a high incidence of pulmonary metastasis and a poor prognosis.Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for osteosarcoma.Currently,there are no molecular targeted drugs approved for osteosarcoma treatment,particularly effective drugs for osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastases.It has been reported that fibroblast activation protein alpha(FAPa)is upregulated in osteosarcoma and critically associated with osteosarcoma progression and metastasis,demonstrating that FAPa-targeted agents might be a promising therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.In the present study,we reported that the FAPa-activated vinblastine prodrug Z-GP-DAVLBH exhibited potent antitumor activities against FAPa-positive osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo.Z-GP-DAVLBH inhibited the growth and induced the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells.Importantly,it also decreased the migration and invasion capacities and reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and suppressed pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma xenografts in vivo.Mechanistically,Z-GP-DAVLBH suppressed the AXL/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway,leading to inhibition of the growth and metastatic spread of osteosarcoma cells.These findings demonstrate that Z-GP-DAVLBH is a promising agent for the treatment of FAPa-positive osteosarcoma,particularly osteosarcoma with pulmonary metastases.

关键词： Osteosarcoma Fibroblast activation protein alpha growth Pulmonary metastasis Vinblastine prodrug AXL β-Catenin

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Coordination of plant growth and abiotic stress responses by tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 through modulation of tryptophan and ABA homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第6期15卷 973-990页

作者： Wen-Cheng Liu Ru-Feng Song Si-Qiu Zheng Ting-Ting Li Bing-Lei Zhang Xiang Gao Ying-Tang Lu State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice College of Life SciencesRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China

To adapt to changing environments, plants have evolved elaborate regulatory mechanisms balancing their growth with stress responses. It is currently unclear whether and how the tryptophan (Trp), the growth-related hormone auxin, and the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) are coordinated in this trade-off. Here, we show that tryptophan synthase β subunit 1 (TSB1) is involved in the coordination of Trp and ABA, thereby affecting plant growth and abiotic stress responses. Plants experiencing high salinity or drought display reduced TSB1 expression, resulting in decreased Trp and auxin accumulation and thus reduced growth. In comparison with the wild type, amiR-TSB1 lines and TSB1 mutants exhibited repressed growth under non-stress conditions but had enhanced ABA accumulation and stress tolerance when subjected to salt or drought stress. Furthermore, we found that TSB1 interacts with and inhibits β-glucosidase 1 (BG1), which hydrolyses glucose-conjugated ABA into active ABA. Mutation of BG1 in the amiR-TSB1 lines compromised their increased ABA accumulation and enhanced stress tolerance. Moreover, stress-induced H2O2 disrupted the interaction between TSB1 and BG1 by sulfenylating cysteine-308 of TSB1, relieving the TSB1-mediated inhibition of BG1 activity. Taken together, we revealed that TSB1 serves as a key coordinator of plant growth and stress responses by balancing Trp and ABA homeostasis.

关键词： tryptophan auxin growth ABA abiotic stress TSB1

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Protein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by interacting with GSTP1 and suppressing the JNK signaling pathway

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第1期19卷 90-103页

作者： Mingyan He Jing Hu Tingting Fang Wenqing Tang Bei Lv Biwei Yang Jinglin Xia Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Cardiology Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China

Objective:Protein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9(PCSK9)has been found to be closely associated with the occurrence and development of numerous tumors.However,the precise role of PCSK9 and its relationship to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remain largely unknown.This study aimed to clarify these issues.Methods:The expression levels of PCSK9 in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines were determined by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,Western blot,and immunohistochemical analyses,and the effects of PCSK9 expression on HCC cell biological traits were investigated by overexpressing and downregulating PCSK9 expression in vivo and in vitro.Additionally,the mechanism by which PCSK9 mediated dissociation of glutathione S-transferase Pi 1(GSTP1)dimers and phosphorylation of the Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)pathway components were investigated.Results:PCSK9 expression levels were significantly lower in HCC tissues than in adjacent non-tumor samples.In vivo and in vitro experiments suggested that PCSK9 inhibited HCC cell proliferation and metastasis.Further analysis showed that PCSK9 interacted with GSTP1 and promoted GSTP1 dimer dissociation and JNK signaling pathway inactivation in HCC cells.Moreover,the relationships between PCSK9 protein expressions and clinical outcomes were investigated.The PCSK9-lo group displayed a significantly shorter overall survival(OS;median OS:64.2 months vs.83.2 months;log-rank statistic:4.237;P=0.04)and recurrencefree survival(RFS;median RFS:26.5 months vs.46.6 months;log-rank statistic:10.498;P=0.001)time than the PCSK9-hi group.Conclusions:PCSK9 inhibited HCC cell proliferation,cell cycle progression,and apoptosis by interacting with GSTP1 and suppressing JNK signaling,suggesting that PCSK9 might act as a tumor suppressor and be a therapeutic target in HCC patients.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma growth PCSK9 GSTP1 JNK

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Impacts of weaning weights and mycotoxin challenges on jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota,intestinal and systemic health,and growth performance of nursery pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第5期13卷 1440-1457页

作者： D.M.Holanda S.W.Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27695USA

Background:This study aimed at investigating the effects of mycotoxin challenge on the growth and physiology of nursery pigs with different weaning weights.Results:At weaning,10 pigs were euthanized to collect jejunal mucosa and 90 pigs were assigned following a randomized complete block design in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments with 3 pigs per pen.Factors were:weaning weight(light:body weight,BW9.0 kg);and dietary mycotoxins(supplementation of 0.2 mg/kg aflatoxins,2.0 mg/kg deoxynivalenol).All diets had titanium dioxide as an external marker at 0.5%.growth performance and fecal score were recorded until pigs achieved 20 kg BW(light pigs average BW=21.1 kg and heavy pigs average BW=20.5 kg).Pigs were sampled for blood,ileal digesta,jejunal tissue and mucosa at 20 kg BW.Data were analyzed using the mixed procedure of SAS.At weaning,light pigs had decreased(Pgrowth of nursery pigs regardless of weaning weight.

关键词： growth Health Mycotoxins Nursery pig Weaning weight

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Effects of fish meal replacement with Chlorella meal on growth performance,pigmentation,and liver health of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 26-40页

作者： Longwei Xi Qisheng Lu Yulong Liu Jingzhi Su Wen Chen Yulong Gong Dong Han Yunxia Yang Zhimin Zhang Junyan Jin Haokun Liu Xiaoming Zhu Shouqi Xie State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Hubei Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed Wuhan 430072China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China

Chlorella meal is a potential protein source for aquafeeds.However,the physiological response of carnivorous fish fed Chlorella meal remains elusive.This study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary fish meal with Chlorella meal on growth performance,pigmentation,and liver health in largemouth bass.Five diets were formulated to replace dietary fish meal of 0%(C0,control),25%(C25),50%(C50),75%(C75),and 100%(C100)with Chlorella meal,respectively.Total 300 fish(17.6±0.03 g)were randomly assigned to 15 tanks(3 tanks/group).Fish were fed the experimental diet twice daily for 8 weeks.The increased dietary Chlorella meal quadratically influenced the final body weight(FBW),weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR),and feed intake(FI),which were significantly lower in the C100 group than in the other groups(Pgrowth when replacing 31.7%to 32.6%of fish meal with 15.03%to 15.43%dietary Chlorella meal.The present results indicated that dietary supplementation with Chlorella meal(11.85%to 47.45%)significantly enhanced the pigmentation;however,total replacement of fish meal(40%)with Chl

关键词： Chlorella meal growth Liver health Micropterus salmoides Pigmentation

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Effects of site conditions on growth and wood properties of Populus×euramericana cv.'74/76'

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第2期34卷 401-414页

作者： Jianmin Fan Changjun Ding Shijie Wang Changming Ma Chao Zhang Yongtan Li Jinmao Wang Minsheng Yang Xiaohua Su Forest Department Forestry CollegeHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000People’s Republic of China Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China Hebei Key Laboratory for Tree Genetic Resources and Forest Protection Baoding 071000People’s Republic of China Forestry College Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000People’s Republic of China

The growth and wood properties of 240 individual Populus×euramericana cv.’74/76’(hereafter poplar 107)trees planted in Hebei Plain,China was evaluated.Mean annual increments in height,breast height diameter and volume,as well as cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin contents,shrinkage,density,bending strength and modulus of elasticity in the heart wood and sap wood.Environmental factors influencing growth and wood properties were analyzed using correlation and stepwise regres sion.The results show that the coefficients of variation(CVs)of growth traits ranged from 10.6 to 22.4%.The CVs of the chemical properties of heartwood ranged from 4.3 to 30.2%,and for sap wood from 3.2 to 27.5%.The CVs of the physical and mechanical properties of heartwood ranged from 8.6 to 31.7%,and for sapwood from 6.4 to 29.9%.The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in growth traits and wood properties among sites.Soil pH,total and available phosphorus,total potassium,and soil organic matter were key soil factors affecting growth and wood properties of poplar 107,whereas mean annual ground temperatures and precipitation were the main climatic factors.To better cultivate poplar 107,area with less annual rainfall,slightly higher temperature and soil pH value close to neutral should be selected.

关键词： Poplar clone Environmental factors growth Wood density Mechanical properties Wood chemical composition

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