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DC offset rejection in a frequency-fixed second-order generalized integrator-based phase-locked loop for single-phase grid-connected applications

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Issam A.Smadi Bayan H.Bany Fawaz Electrical Engineering Department Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid 22110Jordan

Fast and accurate monitoring of the phase,amplitude,and frequency of the grid voltage is essential for single-phase grid-connected *** presence of DC offset in the grid voltage is detrimental to not only grid synchronization but also the closed-loop stability of the grid-connected *** this paper,a new synchronization method to mitigate the effect of DC offset is presented using arbitrarily delayed signal cancelation(ADSC)in a second-order generalized integrator(SOGI)phase-locked loop(PLL).A frequency-fixed SOGI-based PLL(FFSOGI-PLL)is adopted to ensure better stability and to reduce the complexity compared with other SOGI-based PLLs.A small-signal model of the proposed PLL is derived for the systematic design of proportional-integral(PI)controller *** effects of frequency variation and ADSC on the proposed PLL are considered,and correction methods are adopted to accurately estimate grid *** simulation results are presented,along with comparisons to other single-phase PLLs in terms of settling time,peak frequency,and phase error to validate the proposed *** dynamic performance of the proposed PLL is also experimentally ***,the proposed PLL has the fastest transient response and better dynamic performance than the other PLLs for almost all performance indices,offering an improved solution for precise grid synchronization in single-phase applications.

关键词： grid integration Virtual microgrid DC offset mitigation grid synchronization Phase-locked loop Second-order generalized integrator

Possible role of power-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-grid asstorages and flexible loads in the German 110 kV distributiongrid

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第2期11卷 146-154页

作者： Erik BLASIUS Department for Energy Distribution and High Voltage Engineering Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senflenberg 03046Cottbus Germany

The sectoral coupling of road traffic (in form of E-Mobility) and electrical energy supply (known as power-to-vehicle (P2V), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is discussed as one of the possible development concepts for the flexible system integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and the support of the objectives of the German energy transition (aka. Energiewende). It is obvious that E-mobility, which shall produce as few emissions as possible, should be based on the exclusive use of renewable energies. At the same time, the E-mobility can help to reduce the negative effects of the grid integration of RES to the distribution grids. However, this assumes that the electric vehicles are smart integrated to the grids where they charge, meaning that they must be able to communicate and be controllable. Because per se unplanned and uncontrollable charging processes are harmful for the grid operation, especially if they occur frequently and unexpected in similar time periods, the effects can hardly be controlled and can lead to serious technical problems in practical grid operation. This paper provides an insight into the current development of E-mobility in Germany. The insight will be matched with the German development of the RES. By the combination of both sectors, the possible role of the E-mobility for the distribution grid will be depicted, which can have positive and negative aspects.

关键词： P2V V2G grid integration electric vehicles distribution grid

A Parametric Genetic Algorithm Approach to Assess Complementary Options of Large Scale Wind-solar Coupling

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第2期4卷 260-272页

作者： Tim Mareda Ludovic Gaudard Franco Romerio Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva School of Economics and Management(GSEM) University of Geneva

The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather-driven simulation of hourly power mismatches between generation and load, we explore the interplay between geographical resource complementarity and energy storage strategies. Solar and wind resources are considered at variable spatial scales across Europe and related to the Swiss load curve, which serve as a typical demand side reference. The optimal spatial distribution of renewable units is further assessed through a parameterized optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. It allows us to explore systematically the effective potential of combined integration strategies depending on the sizing of the system, with a focus on how overall performance is affected by the definition of network boundaries. Upper bounds on integration schemes are provided considering both renewable penetration and needed reserve power capacity. The quantitative trade-off between grid extension, storage and optimal wind-solar mix is *** paper also brings insights on how optimal geographical distribution of renewable units evolves as a function of renewable penetration and grid extent.

关键词： Energy optimization grid integration genetic algorithm optimal spatial distribution power system modeling

Mesoscale Wind Farm Placement via Linear Optimization Constrained by Power System and Techno-economics

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第2期9卷 356-366页

作者： Ali Erduman Bahri Uzunoglu Bedri Kekezoglu Ali Durusu the Electrical Engineering Department Hakkari UniversityHakkari30000 Turkey Department of Engineering Sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringComputational and Data-enabled Science and Engineering in Energy SystemsUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Department of Mathematics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32310USA the Electrical Engineering Department Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbul34220 Turkey

The objective of this study is to develop a wind farm placement and investment methodology based on a linear optimization *** problem has a major significance for the investment success for the projects of renewable energy such as wind *** this study,a mesoscale approach is adopted whereby the wind farm location is investigated in comparison with a microscale approach where the location of each individual turbine is *** study focuses on the placement of a wind farm by economical optimization constrained by the power system,wind resources,and *** optimization is introduced in this context at the power system which is constrained by wind farm planning.

关键词： Generation expansion grid integration mesoscale wind farm linear optimization wind power

Resiliency oriented control of a smart microgrid with photovoltaic modules

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Global Energy Interconnection 2021年第5期4卷 441-452页

作者： Sambeet Mishra Kristjan Peterson Tauno Hilimon Jelena Shuvalova Fushuan Wen Ivo Palu Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics Tallinn University of Technology

The resiliency of a standalone microgrid is of considerable issue because the available regulation measures and capabilities are *** this background,this paper presented a new mathematical model for a detailed photovoltaic(PV)module and the application of new control techniques for efficient energy *** PV module employs a single-stage conversion method to integrate it with the utility *** extraction the maximum power from PV and integrate it to power grid,a three-phase voltage source converter is *** obtaining the maximum power at a particular irradiance a maximum power point tracking(MPPT)scheme is *** fuzzy logic control and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system are proposed for direct current(DC)link voltage *** proposed model and control scheme are validated through a comparison with the standard power-voltage and current-voltage charts for a PV *** results demonstrate that the system stability can be maintained with the power grid and in the island mode,in contrast with the MPPT.

关键词： PV module MPPT Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) Converter control grid integration

Optimum Sizing and Siting of an Embedded Solar Photovoltaic Generation: A Case Study of 33 kv Sub-Transmission Network at Tarkwa, Ghana

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2021年第3期9卷 1-24页

作者： Armstrong Okai Ababio Gabriel Takyi Emmanuel Kwaku Anto Energy Consulting and Telco Business Directorate Electricity Company of Ghana Ltd. Accra Ghana Department of Mechanical Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

The interconnection of Solar PV to the Tarkwa Bulk Supply Point (BSP) has become necessary in order to provide additional capacity to meet the ever-increasing demand of Tarkwa and its environs during the day. The Solar PV Plant will support the Tarkwa BSP during the day. In this study, a grid impact analysis for the integration of Solar PV plant at three points of common coupling (PCC) at Tarkwa Bulk Supply Point’s (BSP) 33 kV network of the Electricity Company of Ghana was carried out. The three PCCs were Tarkwa BSP, Ghana Australia Gold (GAG) Substation and Darmang Substation. Simulations and detailed analysis were carried out with the use of CYME Software (Cyme 8.0 Rev 05). The Solar PV was integrated at varying penetration levels of 9 MWp, 11 MWp, 14 MWp, 16 MWp, 18 MWp, 20 MWp and 23 MWp (representing penetration levels of 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%, respectively) of the 2020 projected light demand of Tarkwa BSP 25.15 MVA network at an average power factor of 0.903. From the study, the optimum capacity of Solar PV power that could be connected is 9 MWp at an optimum inverter power factor of 0.94 lagging, and the GAG Substation was identified as the optimal location. The stiffness ratio at the optimal location was determined as 41.9, a figure which is far greater than the minimum standard value of 5, and gives an indication of very little voltage control problems in the operation of the proposed Solar PV interconnection. The integration of the optimum 9 MW Solar PV Plant to the Tarkwa network represents an additional 12.77% capacity, decreased the technical losses by 7.76%, and increased the voltage profile by 1.97%.

关键词： grid integration Embedded Solar PV Sub-Transmission Network Technical Losses

Effects of Flicker in a Distribution grid with High PV Penetration

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第12期8卷 2001-2011页

作者： Andreas Spring Georg Wirth Gerd Becker Robert Pardatscher Rolf Witzmann Department of Electrical Engineering University of Applied Sciences Munich Munich 80335 Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Technische Universitat Miinchen Munich 80333 Germany

The quantity of installed PV （photovoltaic） systems in the German distribution grid is still increasing. In some areas, the installed PV capacity exceeds 5 kW per HC （house connection）. Therefore, the load flow changes its characteristics and leads to new requirements for the grid. In some areas, the power feedback is higher than the delivery and the installed PV capacity becomes the decisive factor for grid planning. This paper discusses the impact of PV systems on the flicker level. The focus hereby is on the correlation among the flicker level, the grid voltage and the meteorological parameters. Different approaches to investigate if there is an influence of PV systems on the maximum flicker are taken into account. Furthermore, an investigation if the normative limit is exceeded will be shown.

关键词： grid integration stability PV.

Testing PV Central Inverters＇ Compliance with International grid Codes

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第9期8卷 1552-1558页

作者： Robin Grab Soenke Rogalla Roland Singer Gregor Doetter Department of Power Electronics Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Freiburg 79110 Germany

In many electrical grids worldwide, the rising amount of installed PV （photovoltaic） power entails a considerable influence of PV systems on grid quality and stability. Consequently, in the wake of the revised German medium voltage directives issued in 2009, new requirements for PV inverters have been established internationally. At Fraunhofer ISE＇s Inverter Laboratory, approximately 25 large PV inverters with a nominal power of up to 880 kVA have been characterized in the past three years. In this period, the focus of many inverter manufacturers has begun to shift from traditional European markets towards an international perspective. Therefore, experiences with numerous different grid codes have been gained by our team. This work summarizes the similarities and differences between these grid codes. Additionally, several requirements that have proved to be critical will be examined. Finally, the adequacy of these grid codes to guarantee the safe and reliable operation of electrical grids is discussed.

关键词： Large grid-connected PV systems inverter grid stability grid integration electrical properties.

Investigation on grid Connections of Wind Power and PV Power in China

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Electricity 2011年第3期22卷 40-46页

作者： State Electricity Regulatory Commission Zhang sufang State Electricity Regulatory Commission

In order to fully comprehend the developing status of wind power and photovoltaic (PV) power generation, a special investigation on the integration of wind power and PV power was launched by the agencies of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) throughout China during July-October 2010. This report is completed based on the investigation along with routine supervisory and management programs. There are totally 573 wind power projects and 94 PV power projects involved. Existing problems in these projects are pointed out and proposals for regulation are put forward.

关键词： wind power PV solar power grid integration electricity tariff