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First Occurrence of Paragordius varius in Different Species of Acrididae in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

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Advances in Entomology 2025年第1期13卷 120-125页

作者： Manuel Dario Salas-Araiza Ilse Alejandra Huerta-Arredondo Rafael Guzmán-Mendoza Itzel Berenice Aguilar-Campos Daniela de Jesús Bustos-Gallaga Miguel Angel Rocha-García David Isaías Rodríguez-Vázquez Agronomy Department Life Sciences Division University of Guanajuato Irapuato Mexico

Acridid populations have increased significantly in recent years, causing damage to crops. Having biocontrol tools is important as it will help reduce the use of insecticides. This study reports the presence of Paragordius varius in grasshoppers for the first time in Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. Samples were taken from the grass around a water pond. A total of 1,225 grasshoppers were dissected to observe the presence of the worm. Seven species of grasshoppers were identified, with the most abundant species being Melanoplus differentialis. The parasitoid Paragordius varius, a nematomorph, parasitized male M. differentialis in greater numbers. This work is the first record of this parasitoid in Mexico and contributes to the knowledge of the biological control of acridids in Mexico.

关键词： grasshoppers Paragordius varius Parasitism Nematomorph Biological Control

草原蝗虫种团资源利用的多维分析(直翅目:蝗科)(英文)

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Insect Science 1994年第3期1卷 264-282页

作者：康乐陈永林中国科学院动物研究所中国科学院动物研究所北京1O0080

本文研究了内蒙古典型草原蝗虫在时间、空间和食物资源利用方面的特点。对于这些资源利用的格局是通过对存在于三种类型植被中蝗虫种的生态位宽度、资源利用的分化和重叠以及每种蝗虫的种群大小来分析的。常用的生态位指数和主成份分析... 详细信息

本文研究了内蒙古典型草原蝗虫在时间、空间和食物资源利用方面的特点。对于这些资源利用的格局是通过对存在于三种类型植被中蝗虫种的生态位宽度、资源利用的分化和重叠以及每种蝗虫的种群大小来分析的。常用的生态位指数和主成份分析技术用来阐明蝗虫种间的关系。在放牧形成的异质性草原环境中,11种蝗虫根据它们在三维生态位方面的分化和重叠程度被划分成数个种组。种群的大小是根据种群实际生物量所含热能值来确定的。生态位宽度比较说明,在某一维生态位宽的种,在另一维上必定变窄。生态位重叠的差异说明共存的蝗虫种在资源利用上的分化。生态位重叠的补偿规律在本项研究中并不明显。本项研究结果说明,蝗虫种资源利用的分化主要归因于蝗虫的适应性分化和蝗虫——植物协同进化的相互作用关系,而不是蝗虫种间竞争所造成的。

关键词： resource utilization niche overlap grasshoppers grassland multidimensional analysis

Simulating small-scale climate change effects-lessons from a short-term field manipulation experiment on grassland arthropods

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 662-670页

作者： Sascha Buchholz Dorothee Rolfsmeyer Jens Schirmel Department of Ecology TU Berlin Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Munster Robert-Koch-Straβe 26 48149 Munster Ecosystem Analysis University ofKoblenz-Landau Fortstraβe 7 76829 Landau Germany

Climate change is expected to cause major consequences on biodiversity. Understanding species-specific reactions, such as species shifts, species declines, and changes in population dynamics is a key issue to quantify large-scale impacts of climate change on biotic communities. As it is often impossible or at least impracticable to conduct large-scale experiments on biotic responses to climate change, studies at a smaller scale may be a useful alternative. In our study, we therefore tested responses of grassland arthropods （carabid beetles, spiders, grasshoppers） to simulated climate change in terms of species activity densities and diversity. We conducted a controlled field experiment by changing water and microclimatic conditions at a small scale （16 m2）. Roof constructions were used to increase drought-like conditions, whereas water supply was enhanced by irrigation. In all, 2 038 carabid beetles （36 species）, 4 893 spiders （65 species）, and 303 Orthoptera （4 species） were caught using pitfall traps from May to August, 2010. During our experiment, we created an artificial small-scale climate change; and statistics revealed that these changes had short-term effects on the total number of individuals and Simpson diversity of the studied arthropod groups. Moreover, our results showed that certain species might react very quickly to climate change in terms of activity densities, which in turn might influence diversity due to shifts in abundance patterns. Finally, we devised methodological improvements that may further enhance the validity of future studies.

关键词： carabid beetles drought global wanning grasshoppers irrigation spiders

Disentangling the role of management, vegetation structure, and plant quality for Orthoptera in lowland meadows

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 366-378页

作者： Jens Schirmel Rebekka Gerlach Constanze Buhk Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz-Landau Landau Germany

Seminatural grasslands provide habitats for various species and are important for biodiversity conservation. The understanding of the diverse responses of species and traits to different grassland managenient methods is therefore urgently needed. We disentangled the role of grassland management (fertilization and irrigation), vegetation structure (biomass, sward height) and plant quality (protein and fiber content) for Orthoptera communities in lowland hay meadows in Germany. We found vegetation structure to be the most important environmental category in explaining community structure of Orthoptera (species richness, total individuals, fiinctional diversity and species composition). Intensively used meadows (fertilized, irrigated, high plant biomass) were characterized by assemblages with few species, low functional diversity, and low conservation value. Thereby, the relatively moderate fertilizer inputs in our study system of up to -75 kg N/ha/year reduced functional diversity of Orthoptera, while this negative effect of fertilization was not detectable when solely considering taxonomic aspects. We found strong support for a prominent role of plant quality in shaping Orthoptera communities and especially the trait composition. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of considering both taxonomic and functional comp on ents (functio nal diversity) in biodiversity research and we suggest a stronger involvement of plant quality measures in Orthoptera studies.

关键词： biomass fertilization: functional diversity grasshoppers grassland protein content

Temporal expression of c-kit in spermatogenesis of two grasshopper species

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 445-450页

作者： ZHUO ZHAO SHU-MIN LU GENG-SI XI College of Life Sciences Jilin Normal University Siping Jilin College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi' an China

Two species of grasshoppers, Calliptamus abbreviatus （Ikonn.） and Shirakiacris shirakii （I. Bol.）, were collected randomly in the Siping area of Jilin Province, China. By using immunohistochemical methods and statistical analysis, we observed and compared the temporal expression of c-kit protein in four representative stages of spermatogenesis of the two grasshoppers, namely： spermatogonia; primary spermatocyte; secondary spermatocyte; and mature sperm. Results showed that there was c-kit positive temporal expression at each stage of spermatogenesis, but there were different positive expression levels：（i） weak positive expression of c-kit protein appeared in spermatogonia and the positive granules were thinner; （ii） strong positive expression of c-kit protein existed in primary spermatocyte and positive granules became biggest among all developmental stages; （iii） c-kit positive expression stayed stronger in secondary spermatocyte while positive granules became thinner; （iv） there was a strong positive expression of c-kit and thinner positive granules in mature sperm, which distributed on head and tail; （v） the biggest c-kit positive granules had been found massing at the end of spermary; and （vi） significant differences of c-kit positive expression existed in spermatogenesis between two species of grasshoppers. The results indicated that c-kit protein may play a crucial role in spermatogenesis and even retain the physiological action of sperms and fertilization in grasshoppers.

关键词： c-kit protein grasshoppers spermatogenesis temporal expression

中国典型草原放牧草场蝗虫为害损失及经济阈值的估算(英语)

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Insect Science 1995年第4期2卷 353-364页

作者：范伟民李鸿昌邱星辉中国科学院动物研究所中国科学院动物研究所北京100080

传统上估算蝗虫在放牧草场为害损失的方法几乎都是用来测定对牧草秋季产量的影响,而实际上,在估算放牧草场蝗虫为害损失及经济阈值时,牧草的现存量而非秋季产量是更应考虑的因素.本文提出了一种适合测定蝗虫对牧草现存生物量影响的新方... 详细信息

传统上估算蝗虫在放牧草场为害损失的方法几乎都是用来测定对牧草秋季产量的影响,而实际上,在估算放牧草场蝗虫为害损失及经济阈值时,牧草的现存量而非秋季产量是更应考虑的因素.本文提出了一种适合测定蝗虫对牧草现存生物量影响的新方法,即野外挂笼饲养与蝗虫种群动态相结合的估算方法,并在此基础上组建了放牧草场蝗虫种群经济阈值模型;α+αMMαS+αS=C其中,M:狭翅雏蝗生物量;M:宽须蚁蝗生物量;S:狭翅雏蝗平均个体重量,S:宽须蚁蝗平均个体重量;α-α:常数.同时引入蝗虫种群数量和生物量两项参数来表达蝗虫种群的发生程度.

关键词： Forage damage grasshoppers economic threshold

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不同放牧强度下的内蒙古草原蝗虫群落动态

Insect Science 1995年第3期2卷 265-281页

作者：康乐陈永林中国科学院动物研究所中国科学院动物研究所北京 100080

本文研究了内蒙古草原蝗虫群落在不同放牧强度下的动态变化。植物和蝗虫的取样涉及3种植物群落类型。每一种群落类型又根据放牧强度的不同,划分为5个放牧梯度。随着放牧强度的增加,蝗虫群落的组成和结构均发生了明显的变化。使用贴近度... 详细信息

本文研究了内蒙古草原蝗虫群落在不同放牧强度下的动态变化。植物和蝗虫的取样涉及3种植物群落类型。每一种群落类型又根据放牧强度的不同,划分为5个放牧梯度。随着放牧强度的增加,蝗虫群落的组成和结构均发生了明显的变化。使用贴近度分析及择近原则的方法,阐明了蝗虫种的优势度变化及替代种的替代次序。通过灰色关联及系统聚类分析方法的结合,分析了11个蝗虫种对不同放牧强度的反应。对应性分析和多元逐步回归分析说明,蝗虫群落的变化是与某些植被因子和土壤因子密切相关,特别是植物种类数、生物量、高度以及土壤硬度和含水量等。某些蝗虫种的生态指示意义也在文中进行了讨论。

关键词： grasshoppers community structure and dynamics grazing

Two new species of Catantopidae(Orthoptera:Acridoidea) from China

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Entomotaxonomia 2015年第3期37卷 177-181页

作者：郑哲民林立亮邓维安石福明陕西师范大学动物研究所陕西西安710062 河池学院化学与生命科学学院广西宜州546300 河北大学生命科学学院河北保定070002

Two new species of Catantopidae are described, i.e. Ranacris jinpingensis sp. nov. and Caryanda atrageniculata sp. nov.

关键词： grasshoppers taxonomy Ranacris jinpingensis Caryanda atrageniculata

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The genus Qinlingacris(Orthoptera:Catantopidae) in China

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Entomotaxonomia 2016年第2期38卷 107-111页

作者：郑哲民牛瑶林立亮陕西师范大学动物研究所陕西西安710062 河南师范大学生命科学学院河南新乡453002

One new species in the genus Qinlingacris from Henan Province is described, i. e. Q. microfurcula sp. nov. This new species differs from other species in the genus Qinlingacris in： 1） apex of subgenital plate in male wide rounded or depressed; and 2） apex of subgenital plate in female sharply protruded, lateral margins with irregular obtuse promontories. A key and distribution of species in the genus Qinlingacris is given.

关键词： Acridoidea grasshoppers taxonomy key

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