检索结果-南通市图书馆

Effect of chemical regulators on the recovery of leaf physiology,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield-related characteristics in winter wheat following dry-hot wind

引用

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 108-121页

作者： Yanan Xu Yue Wu Yan Han Jiqing Song Wenying Zhang Wei Han Binhui Liu Wenbo Bai Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Dryland Farming Research Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesHengshui 053000China Shandong General Station of Agricultural Technology Extension Jinan 250100China

Dry-hot wind stress causes losses in wheat productivity in major growing regions worldwide,especially winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,and both the occurrence and severity of such events are likely to increase with global climate change.To investigate the recovery of physiological functions and yield formation using a new noncommercial chemical regulator(NCR)following dry-hot wind stress,we conducted a three-year field experiment(2018-2021)with sprayed treatments of tap water(control),monopotassium phosphate(CKP),NCR at both the jointing and flowering stages(CFS),and NCR only at the jointing stage(FSJ)or flowering stage(FSF).The leaf physiology,biomass accumulation and translocation,grain-filling process,and yield components in winter wheat were assessed.Among the single spraying treatments,the FSJ treatment was beneficial for the accumulation of dry matter before anthesis,as well as larger increases in the maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling rate.The FSF treatment performed better in maintaining a high relative chlorophyll content as indicated by the SPAD value,and a low rate of excised leaf water loss in flag leaves,promoting dry matter accumulation and the contribution to grain after anthesis,prolonging the duration of grain filling,and causing the period until the maximum grain-filling rate reached earlier.The CFS treatment was better than any other treatments in relieving the effects of dry-hot wind.The exogenous NCR treatments significantly increased grain yields by 12.45-18.20% in 2018-2019,8.89-13.82% in 2019-2020,and 8.10-9.00% in 2020-2021.The conventional measure of the CKP treatment only increased grain yield by 6.69% in 2020-2021.The CFS treatment had the greatest mitigating effect on yield loss under dry-hot wind stress,followed by the FSF and FSJ treatments,and the CKP treatment only had a minimal effect.In summary,the CFS treatment could be used as the main chemical control measure for wheat stress resistance and yield stability in areas with a high incidence of dry-

关键词： preparation stress foliar spraying grain-filling remobilization

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Study on the Relationship of the Characteristics of Vascular Bundles in the First Internode and grain-filling of Heavy Panicle Type Hybrid Rice

引用

Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第6期1卷 631-635页

作者： MA Jun, ZHOU Kai-da, MA Wen-bo, WANG Xue-dong, MING Dong-feng and YAN Zi-bing(Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, P. R . China) Rice Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University Wenjiang 611130 P. R. China

The characteristics of vascular bundle in the first internode from top and grain-filling of heavy panicle type hybrid rice(HPTHR) were studied. The results were as follows: The HPTHR had more vascular bundles and a much bigger area of single vascular bundle, all vascular bundle, all phloem and all xylem in the first inter-node than Shanyou63. The vascular bundles had the similar load of spikelet number and sink capacity between the HPTHR and Shanyou63. The HPTHR had not only a larger sink but also normal grain-filling and sink-filling, high seed-setting rate and heavier panicle. Those characteristics of vascular bundle were the biological bases for the larger and heavier panicle of HPTHR. The results also indicated that the breeding model of HPTHR was an effective measure for the super high-yielding rice breeding.

关键词： Heavy panicle type hybrid rice First internode Vascular bundle grain-filling

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Identification of Differentially Senescing Mutants of Wheat and Impacts on Yield,Biomass and Nitrogen Partitioning

引用

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第8期54卷 555-566页

作者： Adinda P.Derkx Simon Orford Simon Griffiths M.John Foulkes Malcolm J. Hawkesford Plant Biology and Crop Science Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK Division of Plant&Crop Sciences School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusNr LoughboroughLE12 5RDUK John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColneyNorwich NR4 7UHUK

Increasing photosynthetic capacity by extending canopy longevity during grain filling using slow senescing stay-green genotypes is a possible means to improve yield in wheat. Ethyl methanesulfonate （EMS） mutated wheat lines （Triticum aestivum L. cv. Paragon） were screened for fast and slow canopy senescence to investigate the impact on yield and nitrogen partitioning. Stay-green and fast-senescing lines with similar anthesis dates were characterised in detail. Delayed senescence was only apparent at higher nitrogen supply with low nitrogen supply enhancing the rate of senescence in all lines. In the stay-green line 3 （SG3）, on a whole plant basis, tiller and seed number increased whilst thousand grain weight （TGW） decreased; although a greater N uptake was observed in the main tiller, yield was not affected. In fast-senescing line 2 （FS2）, yield decreased, principally as a result of decreased TGW. Analysis of N-partitioning in the main stem indicated that although the slow-senescing line had lower biomass and consequently less nitrogen in all plant parts, the proportion of biomass and nitrogen in the flag leaf was greater at anthesis compared to the other lines; this contributed to the grain N and yield of the slow-senescing line at maturity in both the main tiller and in the whole plant. A field trial confirmed senescence patterns of the two lines, and the negative impact on yield for FS2 and a positive impact for SG3 at low N only. The lack of increased yield in the slow-senescing line was likely due to decreased biomass and additionally a possible sink limitation.

关键词： Wheat senescence stay-green grain-filling yield nitrogen.

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sugar Starvation Enhances Leaf Senescence and Genes Involved in Sugar Signaling Pathways Regulate Early Leaf Senescence in Mutant Rice

引用

Rice science 2020年第3期27卷 201-214页

作者： LI Zhaowei ZHAO Qian CHENG Fangmin College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Institute of Crop Science College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

To clarify the complex regulatory relationship between changes in sugar content and leaf senescence during the grain-filling stage of rice,genotype-dependent differences in sugar content and the temporal transcriptional patterns of genes involved in sugar signaling pathways were determined in mutant rice exhibiting early leaf senescence and its wild type Zhefu 142.The effects of exogenous glucose or sucrose on the senescence of detached leaves under dark conditions were also investigated.Chlorophyll,soluble sugar,sucrose and fructose contents decreased,whereas electrolytic leakage and malondialdehyde levels increased in mutant leaves at the grain-filling stage.These results suggested that sugar starvation is positively correlated with the early leaf senescence of mutant plants.Detached leaf segments incubated in exogenous sugar solutions under dark conditions exhibited delayed senescence.The high expression of Hxk1 in leaves of mutant plants at the initial grain-filling stage suggested that Hxk1 is involved in the hexose-sensing process at the early stage of leaf senescence.The low expression levels of Hxk2 and Frk1 in the senescing leaves of mutant rice during the grain-filling stage are indicative of weakened hexose phosphorylation.In addition,the high expression levels of Su Sy1,Su Sy2 and Su Sy4 in leaves of mutant plants at the initial grain-filling stage are accompanied by the high transcript levels of SUT1,which favor sucrose translocation and remobilization from the early senescing leaves of mutant rice.The relatively reduced transcript levels of ch FBP,cy FBP,SPS1,SPS2 and SPS6 indicated that during the grain-filling stage,sucrose biosynthesis is weakened in the senescing leaves of mutant rice.

关键词： rice sugar starvation leaf senescence signaling pathway detached leaf segment grain-filling stage

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The spike weight contribution of the photosynthetic area above the upper internode in a winter wheat under different nitrogen and mulching regimes

引用

The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 89-100页

作者： Wei Chen Jingjuan Zhang Xiping Deng Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulating of Shaanxi Province Baoji University of Arts and Sciences State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University and Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University

Besides leaves, non-foliar green organs such as stem and spike are also considered photosynthetic organs. To assess the photosynthetic contributions of these organs, the correlations between these photosynthetic areas and single-spike weight were investigated in a winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) under four nitrogen and mulching treatments: N120,N150, N195, and N195 + M. Two-year repeated field experiments were conducted on the Loess Plateau of China. Non-foliar photosynthetic area, grain-filling ratio and duration,grain yield, and in particular, single-spike weight, were measured, recorded and analyzed.Under the N195 + M treatment, plants showed the largest area of photosynthetic organs(flag leaf and non-foliar organs) and the highest grain yield and single spike weight. Singlespike weight was positively correlated with the areas of all examined non-foliar photosynthetic organs, in particular with the area above the flag leaf node(R^2= 0.761*)and the area above the exposed part of the peduncle(EXP)(R^2= 0.800**). In addition, singlespike weight was highly correlated with average grain-filling ratio(R^2= 0.993**), whereas it was less highly correlated with grain-filling duration(R^2= 0.533). The morphological traits of non-foliar photosynthetic organs were also more highly correlated with average grainfilling ratio than with average grain-filling duration. The significant correlation between each of the morphological traits(area, length and width) of EXP and single-spike weight indicates that morphological traits of EXP are important in determining spike weight in the Loess Plateau environment.

关键词： grain-filling ratio grain-filling duration Loess Plateau Photosynthetic organs Single spike weight Winter wheat

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Causes of Poor grain Plumpness of Two-Line Hybrids and Their Relationships to the Contents of Hormones in the Rice grain

引用

Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第8期6卷 930-940页

作者： ZHAO Bu-hong ZHANG Hong-xi ZHU Qing-sen YANG Jian-chang Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 P.R. China Lixiahe Region Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu Province Yangzhou 225007 P.R.China

This study was designed to elucidate the grain filling characteristics and the causes of poor grain plumpness of some two-line hybrid rice combinations and their hormonal mechanism. Six varieties, including three two-line hybrid rice combinations, that show differences in seed-setting and grain filling, were used. And the contents of starch, sucrose, zeatin （Z）＋ zeatin riboside （ZR）, indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, and abscisic acid （ABA）, the ethylene evolution rate, activities of sucrose synthase （SuSase） and starch synthase （StSase） in grains, the seed-setting and grain filling rate were investigated. The correlations amongst these were analyzed. The results showed that the poor grain filling of two-line hybrids was mainly attributed to the higher unfilled grain rate and the lower filling degree of inferior grains. During the early and mid grain filling periods, the sucrose content in inferior grains was greater than that in superior grains for the combinations with poor grain filling, indicating that the substrate concentration was not the principal factor for their slow grain filling and poor grain plumpness of the inferior grains of two-line hybrids. Z ＋ ZR, IAA, and ABA in superior grains were obviously greater than those in inferior grains at early grain filling stage. The maximum and mean contents of Z ＋ ZR, IAA, and ABA were positively very significantly correlated with the maximum and mean grain-filling rate, filling degree, and grain weight. The evolution rate of ethylene was greater in inferior grains than in superior grains and greater for the combinations with poor grain plumpness than those with good grain plumpness at the early or mid filling stages. The evolution rate of ethylene was negatively and significantly correlated with the grain filling rate, the grain filling degree, and the grain weight. Spraying ethephon （ethylene-releasing agent） at the early grain filling stage increased the evolution rate of ethylene, reduced the ABA content and activities of SuSase and StSase, and decreased the grai

关键词： two-line hybrid rice grain-filling hormonal regulation physiological mechanism

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Changes in Starch Accumulation and Activity of Enzymes Associated with Starch Synthesis of Rice at Different N Supplying Dates

引用

Agricultural Sciences in China 2004年第10期3卷 738-745页

作者： MAJun MINGDong-feng MAWen-bo XUFeng-ying RiceResearchInstitute SichuanAgriculturalUniversityWenjiang611130P.R.China

The changes in grain-filling, starch accumulation and activity of enzymes associated with starch synthesis in two different hybrid rice varieties were analyzed at different N supplying dates (earlier-date-emphasized, mean-date-emphasized and later-date- emphasized). The results showed that the N application of later-date-emphasized could promote grain-filling rate, increase grain weight and amylopectin content. The peak of activity in three enzymes of ADPglusoce pyriphosphorylase (ADPG), starch synthesis enzyme (SSS) and starch branching enzyme (SBE) in grains of two different rice varieties was not changed obviously, but the mean and maximum activity of these three enzymes changed, and the changes of SSS and ADPG were bigger than that of SBE as N supplying date changed. The N application of earlier-date-emphasized increased SSS activity and the N application of later-date-emphasized increased ADPG and SBE activities. The mean SSS activity during whole grain-filling period, and ADPG and SBE activities at middle and late period of grain-filling were significantly or very significantly correlated with grain-filling rate and accumulating rate of amylose and amylopectin. Both of ADPG and SBE played an equal important role in the changes of amylose and amylopectin content. The N application of later-date-emphasized increased amylose and amylopectin accumulating rate.

关键词： Rice N supplying dates Starch Starch synthesis enzymes grain-filling

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Growth Analysis in the Kernel filling Process of K-Type Hybrid 901 and Its Parent Wheat

引用

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第12期4卷 903-908页

作者： GONG Yue-hua LIU Ying-zhou GAO Jun-feng College of Life Science Northwest A ＆ F University Yangling 712100 PR.China

Using Matlab software, the grain filling process of hybrid wheat 901 and its parents was fitted by Richards equation W = A/（1 ＋ Be^-kt in order to study the characteristics of grain filling of the hybrid. The active grain growth period of the hybrid was 6 d longer than that of Shaan 229, and its final grain weight （43.7 g/1 000 grains） was higher than that of Shaan229 （36.3 g/1 000 grains）. N values of 901 and R205 were both less than 1, and their grain growth was faster in the early filling stage, while slower in the middle-late stage. N value of Shaan 229 was 〉1~ and its growth was slower in the early stage and faster in the middle stage. The period of early stage of 901 was shorter and of middle-late stage was longer. The situation of Shaan 229 was totally reversed. For parents, the father plant R205 was similar to hybrid wheat 901, whereas its mother plant K3314A similar to Shaan 229. It has been found that Richards equation was more suitable for fitting the grain filling process of wheat than Logistic equation.

关键词： Hybrid wheat 901 Parent plants grain-filling

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Rice AGF1 is a susceptibility factor activated by the rice false smut pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens

Rice AGF1 is a susceptibility factor activated by the rice f...

引用

中国植物病理学会第十一届全国会员代表大会暨2018年学...

作者： Fan Jing Gong Zhiyou Yang Juan Du Ning Li Guobang LI Yan Huang Fu Wang Wenming Rice Research Institute & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases Sichuan Agricultural University Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation College of Agronomy & Institute of Agricultural Ecology Sichuan Agricultural University

With the increasing occurrence and detriments on rice yield and grain quality,rice false smut（RFS） disease has attracted more and more attention worldwide.Our work is focused on the formation mechanism of the RFS ball（RFSB）,the only visible symptome of this disease.We found that the rice grain filling process was impeded by the RFS pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens.Subsequently,the ovary of infected rice spikelet stopped developing and remained un-pollinated,but a series of grain-filling-related genes were highly induced in infected spikelets.Among these genes,AGF1（Activated grain-fillingRelated Gene 1） was further investigated.The knock-out mutant agf1 showed significantly reduced susceptibility to multiple U.virens isolates.The average number of RFSB per diseased panicle was decreased by 1.6～3.6 folds in agf1,compared to that in wild-type.Phenotype data displayed that the seed setting rate of agf1 was decreased by 26%,while chalkiness degree and chalky kernel percentage was remarkably increased.The GUS staining and RNA in situ analyses revealed that AGFl was mainly activated in the lodicules of rice flowers at 9 days post inoculation under our experimental conditions.These data suggest that AGF1 is manipulated by U.virens as a susceptibility factor,and U.virens may hijack the rice grain filling process particularly in lodicules to support the formation of RFSB.

关键词： Lodicule grain-filling Rice false smut Susceptiblity factor Ustilaginoidea virens

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：