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From nuclear submarines to graduate medical education: applying David Marquet's intent-based leadership model

Military medical Research 2018年第1期5卷 90-91页

作者： Camilo Fernandez-Salvador Rebecca Oney Sungjin A.Song Macario Camacho Department of Otolaryngology Tripler Army Medical Center Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Tripler Army Medical Center

*** Marquet,a decorated Navy Captain,transformed an under performing submarine crew by empowering his subordinates to be leaders and reach their full *** called this intent-based leadership(IBL).What would happen if Marquet’s model were implemented in graduate medical education(GME)?In this letter to the editor,we summarize the potential of the IBL model in graduate medical education as opposed to the traditional leaderfollower *** harnesses human productivity toward the shared goals of GME,which are patient care and trainee *** shift in mindset could lead both teachers and trainees to focus more on the real reason that we undertake GME and change behaviors for the *** suggest that IBL can and should be adopted in GME and propose that both patients and providers will benefit from this action.

关键词： David Marquet Leadership graduate medical education Intent-based leadership

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Flipped classroom approach to global outreach:cross-cultural teaching of horizontal strabismus to Chinese ophthalmology residents

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第2期16卷 280-285页

作者： Randy Lu Ryan E Dodge Ⅲ Jocelyn Lam Laura Enyedi Tammy Yanovitch Nandini Gandhi Leona Ding Michelle T Cabrera University of Washington School of Medicine SeattleWA 98195USA Department of Anesthesia Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Eyehealth Northwest PortlandOR 97209USA Department of Ophthalmology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Ophthalmology University of OklahomaOklahoma CityOK 73019USA Department of Ophthalmology University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Ophthalmology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of Ophthalmology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105USA

AIM:To evaluate the flipped classroom model for teaching horizontal strabismus didactics in an ophthalmology residency program in China as part of a visiting professorship from the United ***:Residents from an ophthalmology residency program in China were invited to participate in flipped classroom sessions taught by an experienced American ophthalmology faculty in *** were instructed to watch a pre-class video lecture prior to the in-class-casebased *** tests(5 Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program style questions)and surveys were administered before and after the classroom sessions(100%response rate).These results were compared to that of an American cohort who were taught the same ***:The Chinese cohort of 12 residents preferred the flipped classroom to the traditional classroom at higher rates than the American cohort of 40 residents(92%vs 55%,P=0.04)and felt that all ophthalmology topics would be appropriate for the flipped classroom teaching style(P-values between 0.008 and<0.001).In both Chinese and American cohorts,we found that the exotropia curriculum saw a small but significant improvement in performance following the flipped classroom session(P=0.025 for Chinese residents;P=0.001 for US residents),whereas scores in both groups for the esotropia course did not significantly ***:This is the first study to evaluate the flipped classroom model implemented by a visiting ophthalmology professor in a global outreach *** flipped classroom sessions are viewed favorably by the Chinese residents relative to the US cohort with a modest impact on *** in-person interpreter requirement and increased student engagement make this model valuable in cross-cultural visiting professorship ***,the flipped classroom may lend itself well to a virtual format to prevent the transmission of COVID-19,although such a format requires further study.

关键词： flipped classroom international ophthalmology residency graduate medical education China active learning medical education ophthalmology

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An Evaluation of Burnout among Foundation Doctors in Malta—A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

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Health 2021年第7期13卷 705-716页

作者： Marco Grech Stefania Grech Department of Family Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Surgery University of Malta Msida Malta

Background: Postgraduate medical trainees are at an increased risk of burnout. Burnout has been defined as “a psychological condition of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment occurring in people persistently exposed to emotional and interpersonal stressors at work”. It can arise either from within the individual, from the medical profession itself or from healthcare organisations. Burnout is associated with mental health issues in trainees, impaired work performance and suboptimal patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the level of burnout among trainees of the Malta Foundation Programme. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of three cohorts of the Malta Foundation Programme was conducted using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) to evaluate incidence of personal-, work-related and client related burnout. The cohorts were at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years of training respectively. The CBI was administered via Google Forms after ethical clearance. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric comparative statistics were used to analyse the results through SPSS v25.0. Results: A global response rate of 26.5% was achieved. CBI and its subscales showed good internal validity. High scores for burnout in all three scales were identified except for client-related burnout in First Year doctors. Burnout peaked midway through the 2-year period. High numbers reported “feeling “tired” and “physically exhausted”. Males reported more burnout than females. Conclusion: The high level of burnout so early in the career of Maltese postgraduate medical trainees is of concern. More studies are needed on the causality of this burnout and what factors are associated with burnout in this population.

关键词： Burnout Malta Foundation Programme Copenhagen Burnout Inventory graduate medical education

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