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Dietary glycine blunts liver injury after bile duct ligation in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第39期14卷 5996-6003页

作者： Matthias Froh Zhi Zhong Peter Walbrun Mark Lehnert Susanne Netter Reiner Wiest Lars Conzelmann Erwin Gabele Claus Hellerbrand Jurgen Scholmerich Ronald G Thurman Departmem of Internal Medicine I University of Regensburg Regensburg 93042 Germany Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599 United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina 29425 United States Department of Surgery University of Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main 60325 Germany Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery University of Mainz Mainz 55099 Germany

AIM： To investigate the effects of （dietary） glycine against oxidant-induced injury caused by bile duct ligation （BDL）.METHODS： Either a diet containing 5% glycine or a standard diet was fed to male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. Three days later, BDL or sham-operation was performed. Rats were sacrificed 1 to 3 d after BDL. The influence of deoxycholic acid （DCA） in the presence or absence of glycine on liver cells was determined by measurement of calcium and chloride influx in cultivated Kupffer cells and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity was determined in the supernatant of cultivated hepatocytes.RESULTS： Serum alanine transaminase levels increased to about 600 U/L 1 d alter BDL. However, enzyme release was blunted by about two third in rats receiving glycine. Release of the alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase was also blocked significantly in the group fed glycine. Focal necrosis was observed 2 d after BDL. glycine partially blocked the histopathological changes. Incubation of Kupffer cells with DCA led to increased intracellular calcium that could be blocked by incubation with glycine. However, systemic blockage of Kupffer cells with gadolinium chloride had no effects on transaminase release. Incubation of isolated hepatocytes with DCA led to a significant release of LDH after 4 h. This release was largely blocked when incubation with glycine was performed.CONCLUSION： These data indicate that glycine significantly decreased liver injury, most likely by a direct effect on hepatocytes. Kupffer cells do not appear to play an important role in the pathological changes caused by cholestasis.

关键词： glycine Bile duct ligation Cholestasis Kupffer cells Serum alanine transaminase Deoxycholic acid

Theoretical Studies on the Proton Transfer Mechanism in Four-water Hydrated glycine Complexes

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2012年第5期31卷 695-703页

作者：孟祥军赵红丽琚行松 Department of Chemistry Tangshan Teachers College

The mp2/6-31＋＋g^＊＊//b3lyp/6-31＋＋g^＊＊ method has been employed to study the proton transfer mechanism in 4H2O-glycine complexes（4W-G）.Compared with bare glycine the four-water hydrated neutral glycine complexes（4W-GN） can turn into the corresponding zwitterionic glycine（4W-GZ） through proton *** most stable conformation of 4W-GZ has a ＂double water-chain＂ structure and is more stable than its corresponding precursor 4W-GN by 0.97 KJ/mol though it is less stable than the most stable 4W-GN by 7.80 KJ/*** is a spontaneous reaction to form the most stable conformation of 4W-GZ,and the potential barrier is only 1.97 KJ/mol,so the probability of this reaction is very high and the most stable 4W-GZ may be detected in experiment or in the early stage of experiment.

关键词： glycine hydration zwitterion proton transfer bi-water molecule chain

Theoretical Study on Hydrogen Interaction between 5-Fluorouracil and glycine

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2010年第5期29卷 738-746页

作者：和芹霍爱新孟祥军杨静 Department of Chemistry Tangshan Normal College

The geometries,electronic structure,IR spectrum and other properties of hydrogen interaction between 5-fluorouracil and glycine were studied at the B3LYP/6-31＋G＊ *** point energy calculations were executed at the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G＊＊ and B3LYP/aug-cc-pvdz levels,and natural bond orbital （NBO） analysis was carried out at the B3LYP/6-31＋G＊ ***,the hydrogen bonds were discussed via AIM electronic density topology analysis.

关键词： B3LYP hydrogen bond 5-fluorouracil glycine electronic density topology analysis

Protective effect of glycine on liver injury during liver transplantation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第14期123卷 1931-1938页

作者： WANG Yao-sheng YAN Ye-hong ZOU Xun-feng Department of Cardiology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330006 China Department of Organ transplantation Center the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi 330006 China Institute fur Physiologische Chemie Universitatsklinikum Hufelandstr. 55 D-45122 Essen Germany

Multiple procedures of liver transplantation bring conditions producing cold ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. During cold storage, the graft organ is subjected to cold ischemia, also known as hypoxia injury. After reperfusion, although hypoxic condition has been ameliorated, reoxygenation of the graft liver can produce not only reperfusion injury including generation of oxygen free radical, lipoperoxidation and calcium overload, but also aggravate the hypoxia damage,

关键词： glycine reperfusion injury liver transplantation Kupffer cells

Effects of glycine on phagocytosis and secretion by Kupffer cells in vitro

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第20期18卷 2576-2581页

作者： Hui-Wen Wu Ke-Ming Yun De-Wu Han Rui-Ling Xu Yuan-Chang Zhao Institute of Hepatology Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan 030001 Shanxi Province China

AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of glycine on phagocytosis and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α secretion by Kupffer cells in vitro. METHODS:Kupffer cells were isolated from normal rats by collagenase digestion and Percoll density gradient differential *** culture for 24 h,Kupffer cells were incubated in fresh Dulbecco's Modification of Eagle's Medium containing glycine (G1:1 mmol/L,G2:10 mmol/L,G3:100 mmol/L and G4:300 mmol/L)for 3 h,then used to measure phagocytosis by a bead test,TNF-α secretion after lipopolysaccharide stimulation by radioactive immunoassay,and microfilament and microtubule expression by staining with phalloidin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)or a monoclonal anti-α tubulin-FITC antibody, respectively,and evaluated under a ultraviolet fluorescence microscope. RESULTS:glycine decreased the phagocytosis of Kupffer cells at both 30 min and 60 min(Pglycine can decrease the phagocytosis and secretion by Kupffer cells in vitro,which may be related to the changes in the expression of microfilaments and microtubules induced by Kupffer cells.

关键词： glycine Kupffer cell Phagocytosis Secretion

Effects of glycine and methylprednisolone on hemorrhagic shock in rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第9期117卷 1334-1341页

作者：王钢赵敏王恩华 Emergency Department First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang 110001 China

Background Methylprednisolone (MP), a synthetic glucocorticosteroid, has been broadly studied in experiments on endotoxin-induced shock and septic shock. This study was designed to ascertain whether glycine and MP can protect against organ injury and death caused by hemorrhagic shock, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these protective effects in *** To establish a shock model, Wistar rats were bled to maintain mean arterial pressure at 30-50 mmHg for 1 hour and subsequently resuscitated with the shed blood and normal saline. Just prior to resuscitation, the rats were randomly assigned to four groups: sham group (operation performed without inducing shock), shock group, shock+glycine group (glycine injected at the beginning of resuscitation) and shock+MP group (MP injected at the beginning of resuscitation).Results ① Seventy-two hours after resuscitation, the survival rate of rats from the shock group had decreased to 20%, while the survival rates of rats from the shock+glycine and shock+MP groups were 77.8% and 80%, respectively. The difference was significant (Pglycine and MP reduced these pathological changes significantly. ③ Eighteen hours after resuscitation, the levels of creatine phosphokinase, transaminases, and creatine were elevated significantly in rats from the shock group, indicating injury to the heart, liver, and kidneys, while these levels were elevated only slightly in the shock+glycine and shock+MP groups. The differences were significant (P<0.01). ④ There were significant increases in intracellular calcium and production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) by isolated Kupffer cells stimulated by endotoxin after hemorrhagic shock. These changes were completely prevented by

关键词： hemorrhagic shock glycine methylprednisolone Kupffer cell intracellular calcium TNF-α

Implications of excreta uric acid concentrations in broilers offered reduced crude protein diets and dietary glycine requirements for uric acid synthesis

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 939-946页

作者： Peter H.Selle David I.Cantor Leon R.McQuade Bernard V.McInerney Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Shemil P.Macelline Peter V.Chrystal Sonia Y.Liu Poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH Hanau-Wolfgang 63547Germany School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Baiada Poultry Pty Limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia

In a previous experiment,male Ross 308 broiler chickens were offered dietary treatments with 3 levels of crude protein(222,193,165 g/kg)and 3 feed grains(ground maize,ground wheat,whole wheat)from 7 to 35 d ***-based diets supported superior growth performance in comparison to wheatbased *** acid concentrations in excreta were retrospectively determined and related to total nitrogen(N)excreta *** acid concentrations ranged from 28.5 to 69.4 mg/g and proportions of uric acid-N to total excreta-N ranged from 27.4%to 42.6%in broiler chickens offered the 3×3 factorial array of dietary *** of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the165 g/kg CP,maize-based diet were significantly lower by 10.6 percentage units(27.4%versus 38.0%;P=0.00057)than their wheat-based *** excreta analysed had been collected from 35 to37 d post-hatch when feed intakes and excreta outputs were *** were linear relationships between proportions of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the three 165 g/kg CP diets with weight gain(r=-0.587;P=0.010),feed intake(r=-0.526;P=0.025)and feed conversion ratios(r=0.635;P=0.005).The possibility that increasing uric acid-N proportions in excreta is indicative of excessive ammonia accumulations compromising growth performance is *** mean proportion of dietary glycine involved in uric acid excretion was 49.2%across all dietary treatments but ranged from 25.0%to 80.9%.Thus,the appropriate amount of dietary glycine is variable and largely dependent on the volume of uric acid synthesised and excreted.

关键词： Ammonia Broiler chicken glycine Reduced crude protein diet Uric acid

An Alternative Synthesis and Crystal Structure Characterization of Nutrient Fortifier N-(1-(Phenylacetyl)-L-prolyl) glycine Ethyl Ester

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2019年第10期38卷 1727-1734,1611页

作者：李艳如崔建兰于思源钟丛杉王宁王晓 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China

A nutritional fortifier N-(1-(phenylacetyl)-L-prolyl)glycine ethyl ester(4)was successfully synthesized through two synthetic schemes and characterized by IR,^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR,elemental analysis and X-ray single-crystal *** intermediate N-phenylacetyl-L-proline(2)was synthesized by the solid-liquid reaction of L-proline and phenylacetyl chloride *** 2(C13 H15 NO3,Mr=233.26)belongs to the orthorhombic system,space group P212121 with a=8.9468(3),b=9.3190(3),c=14.0453(4)A,V=1171.03(6)A^3,Z=4,Dc=1.323 g/cm^3,μ=0.773 mm^-1,F(000)=496.0,the final R=0.0313 and wR=0.0797 for all *** 4(C17 H22 N2 O4,Mr=318.36)is of orthorhombic system,space group P212121 with a=6.5831(2),b=8.5536(2),c=28.9138(9)A,V=1628.11(8)A^3,Z=4,Dc=1.299 g/cm3,μ=0.763 mm-1,F(000)=680.0,the final R=0.0353 and wR=0.0816 for all data.

关键词： N-(1-(phenylacetyl)-L-prolyl) glycine ethyl ester N-phenylacetyl-L-proline dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide crystal structure glycine ethyl ester hydrochloride

Dietary supplementation with betaine or glycine improves the carcass trait,meat quality and lipid metabolism of finishing mini-pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 376-383页

作者： Yinzhao Zhong Zhaoming Yan Bo Song Changbing Zheng Yehui Duan Xiangfeng Kong JinPing Deng Fengna Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process Changsha 410125China Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production Changsha 410125China National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Changsha 410125China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central Ministry of AgricultureChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

The objective of the study is to evaluate and compare the effects of betaine or glycine on carcass trait,meat quality and lipid metabolism of finishing Huan Jiang *** called trimethylglycine is a methyl derivative of glycine,but few researches were conducted to compare the impact of dietary betaine and glycine on *** hundred and forty-four Huan Jiang mini-pigs(body weight=10.55±0.15 kg;70 d)were randomly divided to 3 treatment groups(basal diet,glycine or betaine).Results indicated that dietary betaine increased the average daily gain(ADG)and final weight(Pglycine or betaine markedly reduced average backfat thickness(Pglycine only raised the value of a*of the LD muscle(Pglycine could regulate cascass trait and meat quality of finishing Huan Jiang mini-pigs,and the effect of betaine was superior to that of glycine.

关键词： Betaine glycine Meat quality Lipid metabolism Huan jiang mini-pig