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Placebo Treatment Beats the Green-eyed Monster Selectively in Males but not Females

Placebo Treatment Beats the Green-eyed Monster Selectively i...

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第二十一届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Xiaoyu Zeng Xinyuan Yan Yanyan Su Wenying Yuan Xue Yong Yina Ma State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning International Data Group (IDG)/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics Beijing Normal University

Little is known about how to mitigate envy and gloating, two social competitive emotions that have been linked to grossly anti-social behavior. Social placebo effects(SPEs) refer to the expectation formation and inactive treatment induced improvements on human’s social well-being(e.g., increasing trust and preference for a closer interpersonal distance). Here, we test the hypothesis that social placebo treatment can alleviate envy and gloating by originating a paradigm whereby we presented materials of the beneficial effects of oxytocin, a neuropeptide known for its pivotal role in pro-social behavior. A game of chance involving comparing the monetary outcome of self and the other putative player in which participants could experience envy and gloating showed that placebo treatment attenuated the feelings of gloating in general, and especially decreased the weight of the self-monetary outcome onto the gloating intensity only in female. In contrast, the placebo effects on envy selectively emerged in males but not females, and the placebo treatment induced mitigation on envy was only significant in males with low, rather than with high, empathy traits. We further examined the role of expectation formation in social placebo effects and showed that the expectation induced by placebo experimental manipulation mediated the effect of social placebo treatment on envy. These findings unveil that the effects of oxytocin and social placebo treatment on envy and gloating can be distinct. Together, these findings propose a potential antidote to the social competitive emotions that may harm interpersonal relationships, providing insight into the future work regarding gender-dependent and trait-dependent impacts of social placebo treatment.

关键词： social placebo effect envy gloating expectation gender difference

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