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Spatio-Temporal Expression Pattern of Six Novel Candidate Genes in ginsenoside biosynthesis from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第5期47卷 622-631页

作者： Zhi-YongLUO Shui-PingLIU Xiang-HuiCHEN YingRUAN Jian-QingLUO BinWEN Chun-LinLIU Wei-XinHU InstituteofMolecularBiology CollegeofBiologicalScienceandTechnologyCentralSouthUniversityChangsha410078China CropsGeneticEngineeringKeyLaboratoryofHunanProvince HunanAgriculturalUniversityChangsha410128China

Abstract: To explore the mode of the spatio-temporal expression of six newly discovered ginsenoside biosynthesis candidate gene transcripts, both Northern blotting and semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to elucidate the mRNA expression levels of the transcripts in various tissues and organs of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer during different growth development stages. The six gene transcripts were all differentially expressed in cultured callus, root, stem, leaf, and seed. The mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in four-year-old roots than in one-year-old roots, and results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR assays were in accordance with those of Northern blotting analyses. The results strongly suggest that all six genes were differentially expressed at root-specific developmental stages. In particular, when a quiescent early stage culture suspension of P. ginseng cells was exposed to the ginsenoside biosynthesis-promoting elicitor Aspergillus niger polysaccharide, the GBR6 gene transcript response showed time-dependent increments and was parallel with ginsenoside productivity (P biosynthesis of ginsenosides. The results of the present study provided a background for the further elucidation of the structure and physiological function of these six candidate genes.

关键词： Aspergillus niger polysaccharide elicitor GBR6 mRNA expression ginsenoside biosynthesis ginsenoside biosynthesis candidate genes mRNA differential expression Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

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Integrative SMRT sequencing and ginsenoside profiling analysis provide insights into the biosynthesis of ginsenoside in Panax quinquefolium

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2022年第8期20卷 614-626页

作者： DI Peng YAN Yan WANG Ping YAN Min WANG Ying-Ping HUANG Lu-Qi State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-Di Herbs National Resource Center for Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Center for Post-doctoral Research China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118China

Panax quinquefolium is one of the most common medicinal plants *** are the major pharmaceutical components in *** biosynthesis of ginsenosides in different tissues of *** remained largely *** the current study,an integrative method of transcriptome and metabolome analysis was used to elucidate the ginsenosides biosynthesis pathways in different tissues of ***,22 ginsenosides in roots,leaves,and flower buds showed uneven distribution patterns.A comprehensive *** transcriptome was generated through single molecular real-time(SMRT)and second-generation sequencing(NGS)technologies,which revealed the ginsenoside pathway genes and UDP-glycosyltransferases(UGT)family genes explicitly expressed in roots,leaves,and flower *** weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)of ginsenoside biosynthesis genes,UGT genes and ginsenoside contents indicated that three UGT genes were positively correlated to pseudoginsenoside F11,notoginsenoside R1,notoginsenoside R2 and pseudoginsenoside *** results provide insights into ginsenoside biosynthesis in different tissues ***.

关键词： Panax quinquefolium SMRT sequencing ginsenoside biosynthesis UDP-glycosyltransferases

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De novo assembly and comparative analysis of root transcriptomes from different varieties of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer grown in different environments

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第11期58卷 1099-1110页

作者： ZHEN Gang ZHANG Lei DU YaNan YU RenBo LIU XinMin CAO FangRui CHANG Qi DENG Xing Wang XIA Mian HE Hang State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research College of Life Sciences Peking University School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University Frontier Laboratories of Systems Crop Design Co. Ltd. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is an important traditional herb in eastern Asia. It contains ginsenosides, which are primary bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Although ginseng has been cultivated since at least the Ming dynasty to increase production, cultivated ginseng has lower quantities of ginsenosides and lower disease resistance than ginseng grown under natural conditions. We extracted root RNA from six varieties of fifth-year P. ginseng cultivars representing four different growth conditions, and performed Illumina paired-end sequencing. In total, 163,165,706 raw reads were obtained and used to generate a de novo transcriptome that consisted of 151,763 contigs(76,336 unigenes), of which 100,648 contigs(66.3%) were successfully annotated. Differential expression analysis revealed that most differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were upregulated(246 out of 258, 95.3%) in ginseng grown under natural conditions compared with that grown under artificial conditions. These DEGs were enriched in gene ontology(GO) terms including response to stimuli and localization. In particular, some key ginsenoside biosynthesis-related genes, including HMG-Co A synthase(HMGS), mevalonate kinase(MVK), and squalene epoxidase(SE), were upregulated in wild-grown ginseng. Moreover, a high proportion of disease resistance-related genes were upregulated in wild-grown ginseng. This study is the first transcriptome analysis to compare wild-grown and cultivated ginseng, and identifies genes that may produce higher ginsenoside content and better disease resistance in the wild; these genes may have the potential to improve cultivated ginseng grown in artificial environments.

关键词： Panax ginseng de novo assembly paired-end sequencing comparative transcriptome analysis ginsenoside biosynthesis disease resistance genes

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Transcriptome profiling of Panax ginseng *** flower by next generation sequencer

Transcriptome profiling of Panax ginseng *** flower by next ...

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中药与天然药高峰论坛暨第十二届全国中药和天然药物学术研讨会

作者： Chunfang Li,Yingjie Zhu,Xu Guo,Chao Sun,Jingyuan Song,Shilin Chen~* (National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials,Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical, Beijing 100193,China)

ginsenoside,a triterpenoid saponin,is considered to be the major active component with many beneficial bioactive effects on human health,such as anti-tumor,anti-stress,anti-aging,and also improves immune *** to its huge pharmaceutical properties,special attention has been paid to genes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis for large scale production. Genome sequence has not been available for *** till *** alternative method for functional genomic analysis is expressed sequence tags(EST).Recently,next-generation sequencing (NGS)technologies render large-scale EST analyses more feasible for its dramatically reduced cost and experimental complexity of sequencing. In the present study,to discover genes encoding enzymes involved in the ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway,we sequenced the transcriptome of *** flowers by GS FLX with massively parallel pyrosequencing.A half run was performed and approximately 605,000 raw reads constituting a total of -252.5 million base-pairs(bp)were obtained.70.2%of these ESTs were over 400 bp in length. De novo assembly generated 77,243 unique sequences in flower libraries,and was approximately 34.1 Mb in *** analysis indicated that all genes encoding enzymes involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis starting from acetyl-CoA via the isoprenoid pathway existed in the transcriptome of the *** ***,a few candidate genes putatively responsible for ginsenoside backbone modifications were screened out of a gene pool containing 88 CYP450 and 40 glycosyltransferase unique *** specific-tissue genomics could accelerate gene discovery in the ginseng plant and facilitate genetic engineering attempts for ginsenoside production.

关键词： Panax ginseng Expressed sequence tag(EST) 454 GS FLX Transcriptome ginsenoside biosynthesis

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