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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 252-261页

作者： Sergio Donoso Karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p < 0.01; GS: F = 96.08, p < 0.01）, where the highest values were observed in *** Both GC and GS are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

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Autotoxicity of Phthalate Esters in Tobacco Root Exudates:Effects on Seed germination and Seedling Growth

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Pedosphere 2017年第6期27卷 1073-1082页

作者： DENG Jiajun ZHANG Yanling HU Jiwei JIAO Jiaguo HU Feng LI Huixin ZHANG Shixiang Soil Ecology Laboratory College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095(China) ~hengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC Zhengzhou 450001(China) Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment Guizhou Nounal UniversityGuiyang 550001(China) Testing Center of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330046(China) Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental and Tobacco Leaf Quality of CNTC Zhengzhou 450001(China)

Autotoxicity is one of the major factors that impede continuous *** is defined as the toxic influence of chemicals released from one plant species on the germination and growth of individuals of the same ***, in order to exam the autotoxicity of tobacco root exudates, root exudates were collected from tobacco plants grown both in cultural solution and on natural *** ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, main autotoxic chemical substances in the root exudates were *** autotoxic effects of suspected autotoxins on seed germination(including germination rate,germination potential, germination index, and vigor index) and seedling growth were *** phthalate(or diisobutyl phthalate), dioctyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate were identified in tobacco root *** was observed that high concentrations(greater than 0.5 mmol L^(-1)) of each identified phthalate ester caused significant(P germination and seedling *** can be concluded that phthalate esters such as dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate in tobacco root exudates may play an important role in tobacco autotoxicity.

关键词： autotoxins germination index germination potential germination rate vigor index

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Effects of Magnetized Water on Seed germination of Welsh Onion (Allium fistulosum L.)

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第5期18卷 777-779,784页

作者：苗锦山王树勇游海英潍坊科技学院园艺科学与技术研究所山东寿光262700 昌乐县乔官镇农业综合服务中心山东昌乐262408

With Welsh Onion seeds employed as materials, effects of magnetized water on seed germination were studied. The results showed the treatment of magnetized water soaking for 4 h promoted water absorption rate and amylase ac- tivities of seeds significantly, which accelerated the transformation process of en- dosperm starch to soluble sugar, resulting in emergence of 36 hours in advance under low temperature condition. germination rate and germination potential of magnetized water soaking were higher than the contrast by 6.7% and 10.0%, which helped cultivate vigorous seedling.

关键词： Magnetized water Welsh onion Seed germination germination rate germination potential

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Effect of ^(12)C^(6+) Ions Beam Irradiation on Seed germination and Enzymes Activity in Seedlings of Sweet Sorghum

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2009年第5期10卷 22-25页

作者：冯亮英董喜存李文建马晓琪马爽余丽霞李岩刘清芳何金玉曲颖中国科学院近代物理研究所甘肃兰州730000 兰州大学甘肃兰州730000

[ Objective] The aim was to study the effect of 12C6 ＋ ions beam irradiation to two varieties of sweet sorghum on seed germination and some enzymes activity in seedlings with different doses, and provided a theoretical foundation for sweet sorghum breeding. [ Method] After germination, the germination potential, germination fraction and enzyme activity were detected, respectively. [ Result] The results showed that with the dose increased, the germination potential of sweet sorghum increased first and then decreased, while their germination fraction presented ＂shoulder like shape＂ ; the activity of LDH, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px increased first and then decreased with doses, they presented slight differences among different enzymes. [ Conclusion] Low dose radiation could accelerate germination of sweet sorghum seeds and enzyme activity could remain at a relatively high level. Enzyme activity decreased with high doses and the growth of sweet sorghum was inhibited.

关键词： Heavy ions Sweet sorghum germination potential Seedling rate Enzyme activity

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Application Effects of Ultra-fine Powder Shaped Maize Seed Coating Agent in Spring Sowing areas in northeast China

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第10期16卷 2104-2106页

作者：孙成韬张小祥辽宁省农业科学院玉米研究所辽宁沈阳110161 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所江苏扬州225007

The research explored adaptability maize seed coating agent in spring sowing and effects of ultra-fine powder shaped areas in northeast China. The results showed that germination potential and rate both improved around 5% and the num- ber of root increased by 4% in the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent compared with the control group without seed coating. What＇s more, the treatments with ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent took advantages in terms of fresh weight of seeding, stem diameter, and dry weight. It is notable that control effects on underground insects performed the best, with per- centage over 94%, which is more excellent relative to other agents in markets. Therefore, ultra-fine powder shaped maize seed coating agent can be widely applied in spring sowing areas in northeast China, without side effects.

关键词： Maize Utra-fine powder Seed-coating agent germination potential Yield Spring sowing area Application effect

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