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Effect of Nutrient Management and Planting geometry on Productivity of Hybrid Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.) Cultivars

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 297-302页

作者： Ranjita Bezbaruha Ravi Chandra Sharma Pabitra Banik 不详

Field experiments were conducted during the wet seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the Agricultural Experimental Farm of the Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, a part of eastern plateau region of India. The study was designed to investigate the effect of planting geometry and nutrient management practices on productivity of two hybrid rice cultivars. Split-plot design with three replications was adopted to carry out the experiment by allocating combinations of treatments of planting geometry and rice cultivar in main-plots and nutrient management treatments in sub-plots. “CNRH-3” rice proved its efficiency in terms of grain yield that was also reflected in yield attributing characters such as number of productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, length of panicle, panicle weight, test weight and harvest index. Higher rice grain yield was registered when the cultivars grown in 20 cm × 20 cm planting geometry. Rice cultivars grown with the application of inorganic fertilizers alone produced maximum grain yield and also recorded higher values of ancillary characters. The maximum amount of N, P and K was taken up by the “CNRH-3” rice, whereas maximum residual soil fertility was recorded in “Pro Agro 6201” rice. Maximum N, P and K uptake values were recorded in 20 cm × 20 cm crop geometry and inorganic fertilizers treatment.

关键词： Hybrid Rice Cultivars Planting geometry Vermicompost Nutrient Uptake Soil Fertility

Measuring Light and geometry Data of Roadway Environments with a Camera

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2014年第1期4卷 44-62页

作者： Hongyi Cai Linjie Li Department of Civil Environmental & Architectural Engineering The University of Kansas Lawrence USA

Evaluation of the conspicuity of roadway environments for their environmental impact on driving performance is vital for roadway safety. Existing meters and tools for roadway measurements cannot record light and geometry data simultaneously in a high resolution. This study introduced a new method that adopted recently developed high dynamic range (HDR) photogrammetry to measure the luminance and XYZ coordinates of millions of points across a road scene with the same device—a camera, and a MatLab code for data treatment and visualization. To validate this method, the roadway environments of a straight and flat section of Jayhawk Boulevard (482.8 m long) at Lawrence, KS and a roundabout (15.3 m in diameter) at its end were measured under clear and cloudy sky in the daytime and at nighttime with dry and wet pavements. Eight HDR images of the roadway environments under different viewing conditions were generated using the HDR photogrammetric techniques and calibrated. From each HDR image, synchronous light and geometry data were extracted in Radiance and further analyzed to identify potential roadway environmental hazards using the MatLab code (http://***/~h717c996/***). The HDR photogrammetric measurement with current equipment had a margin of errors for geometry measurement that varied with the measuring distance, averagely 23.1% - 27.5% for the Jayhawk Boulevard and 9.3% - 16.2% for the roundabout. The accuracy of luminance measurement was proven in the literature as averagely 1.5% - 10.1%. The camera-aided measurement is fast, non-contact, non-destructive, and off the road, thus, it is deemed more efficient and safer than conventional ways using meters and tools. The HDR photogrammetric techniques with current equipment still need improvements on accuracy and speed of the data treatment.

关键词： Measurement geometry Light Roadway Environment High Dynamic Range Photogrammetry

Discrete Differential geometry of <i>n</i>-Simplices and Protein Structure Analysis

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第16期5卷 2458-2463页

作者： Naoto Morikawa Genocript Zama Japan

This paper proposes a novel discrete differential geometry of n-simplices. It was originally developed for protein structure analysis. Unlike previous works, we consider connection between space-filling n-simplices. Using cones of an integer lattice, we introduce tangent bundle-like structure on a collection of n-simplices naturally. We have applied the mathematical framework to analysis of protein structures. In this paper, we propose a simple encoding method which translates the conformation of a protein backbone into a 16-valued sequence.

关键词： Differential geometry n-Simplex Discrete Mathematics Protein Structure Tetrahedron

Interconverting Models of Gray Matrix and Geographic Coordinates Based on Space Analytic geometry

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Applied Mathematics 2013年第1期4卷 46-51页

作者： Ni Zhan Liang Lin Ling Lou College of Science Guilin University of Technology Guilin China

With the progress and development of science, the synchronous satellite as the high-tech product is taken something more and more seriously by all countries. Converting gray value matrix into geographic coordinates becomes more and more important. This paper establishes the models for interconverting row and column of gray value matrix which detected by the infrared detectors on synchronous satellites and geographic coordinates based on the related theorems and properties of space analytic geometry. We draw satellite cloud image with the data of gray matrix in MATLAB, convert coastline’s latitude and longitude coordinates into row and column coordinates of a gray matrix according via these models when the sub-satellite point’s row and column coordinates and geographic coordinates are given, then add coast-lines to the original satellite cloud image with the transformation data. We find that coast-lines completely match with the bump characteristics of satellite cloud image, and that verify the correctness of the models.

关键词： Space Analytic geometry Satellite Cloud Image Geographic Coordinates Gray Value Matrix Coastline

Optimizing Plant geometry and Nutrient Management for Grain Yield and Economics in Irrigated Greengram

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 1144-1150页

作者： Murugesan Mohana Keerthi Rajagopalan Babu Mani Joseph Rajiah Amutha Department of Agronomy Agricultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Killikulam Tuticorin Tamil Nadu India

Greengram (Vigna radiata L.) is important pulse crop in India. The yield and economics were in-creased by optimization of plant geometry and nutrient management under irrigated condition. The field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of November 2013 to January 2014 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam. An experiment was laid out in randomised block design and replicated thrice and the test variety of the crop greengram (CO 6) was used. The plant geometry of 30 × 30 cm, 25 × 25 cm and 30 × 10 cm was adopted. The Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) based fertilizer application, RDF, FYM and ZnSO4 was applied in soil as basal. The foliar spray of Pulse Wonder and Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFM) spray was done at one week after flowering and 1% KNO3 at 50 per cent flowering. Adoption of planting geometry of 30 × 30 cm, application of RDF, 12.5 t of FYM and 25 kg ZnSO4 as basal and foliar spraying of 1% KNO3 at 50 per cent flowering recorded higher dry matter production of 2865 kg·ha-1 and yield attributes viz., number of pod clusters plant-1 (10.34), number of pods plant-1 (53.40), number of seeds pod-1 (13.23), pod length (8.77 cm) and seed test weight (3.42 g). Higher grain yield of 1775 kg·ha-1, haulm yield (2920 kg·ha-1), harvest index (0.38), net return (57,806 Rs·ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.43) were associated with the treatment comprising of 30 × 30 cm spacing, application of RDF, 12.5 t of FYM and 25 kg ZnSO4 as basal and foliar spraying of 1% KNO3 at 50 per cent flowering.

关键词： Greengram Plant geometry Nutrients Yield

Kerr Black Hole geometry Leading to Dark Matter and Dark Energy via E-Infinity Theory and the Possibility of a Nano Spacetime Singularities Reactor

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Natural Science 2015年第4期7卷 210-225页

作者： Mohamed S. El Naschie Department of Physics University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt

The present paper is basically a synthesis resulting from incorporating Kerr spinning black hole geometry into E-infinity topology, then letting the result bares on the vacuum zero point Casimir effect as well as the cosmic dark energy and dark matter density. In E-infinity theory a quantum particle is represented by a Hausdorff dimension Φ where Φ =2/(√5+1) . The quantum wave on the other hand is represented by Φ2 . To be wave and a particle simultaneously intersection theory leads us to?(Φ) (Φ)2= Φ3 which will be shown here to be twice the value of the famous Casimir force of the vacuum for a massless scalar field. Thus in the present work a basically topological interpretation of the Casimir effect is given as a natural intrinsic property of the geometrical topological structure of the quantum-Cantorian micro spacetime. This new interpretation compliments the earlier conventional interpretation as vacuum fluctuation or as a Schwinger source and links the Casimir energy to the so called missing dark energy density of the cosmos. From the view point of the present work Casimir pressure is a local effect acting on the Casimir plates constituting the local boundary condition while dark energy is nothing but the global combined effect of infinitely many quantum waves acting on the Möbius-like boundary of the holographic boundary of the entire universe. Since this higher dimensional Möbius-like boundary is one sided, there is no outside to balance the internal collective Casimir pressure which then manifests itself as the force behind cosmic expansion, that is to say, dark energy. Thus analogous to the exact irrational value of ordinary energy density of spacetime E(O)=(Φ5/2) mc2 we now have P (Casimir) = (Φ3/2)(ch/d2) where c is the speed of light, m is the mass, h is the Planck constant and d is the plate separation. In addition the new emerging geometry combined with the topology of E-infinity theory leads directly to identifying dark matter with the quasi m

关键词： Casimir Effect Dark Energy E-Infinity Cantorian Spacetime Kerr Spacetime geometry Energy from the Ergosphere Spinning Black Holes Nano Spacetime Reactors Kaluza-Klein Spacetime Heterotic Superstrings

Revisiting Galactic Rotation Curves Given a Noncommutative-geometry Background

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第17期5卷 1931-1937页

作者： Peter K. F. Kuhfittig Vance D. Gladney Department of Mathematics Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee USA

It was shown earlier by Rahaman et al. that a noncommutative-geometry background can account for galactic rotation curves without the need for dark matter. The smearing effect that characterizes noncommutative geometry is described by means of a Gaussian distribution intended to replace the Dirac delta function. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: 1) to account for the galactic rotation curves in a more transparent and intuitively more appealing way by replacing the Gaussian function by the simpler Lorentzian distribution proposed by Nozari and Mehdipour and 2) to show that the smearing effect is both a necessary and sufficient condition for meeting the stability criterion.

关键词： Galactic Rotation Curves Noncommutative geometry

Geometrical Modeling of Crystal Structures with Use of Space of Elliptic Riemannian geometry

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2011年第6期2卷 526-536页

作者： Stanislav Rudnev Boris Semukhin Andrey Klishin 不详

The space of internal geometry of a model of a real crystal is supposed to be finite, closed, and with a constant Gaussian curvature equal to unity, permitting the realization of lattice systems in accordance with Fedorov groups of transformations. For visualizing computations, the interpretation of geometrical objects on a Clifford surface (SK) in Riemannian geometry with the help of a 2D torus in a Euclidean space is used. The F-algorithm ensures a computation of 2D sections of models of point systems arranged perpendicularly to the symmetry axes l3, l4, and l6. The results of modeling can be used for calculations of geometrical sizes of crystal structures, nanostructures, parameters of the cluster organization of oxides, as well as for the development of practical applications connected with improving the structural characteristics of crystalline materials.

关键词： F-Algorithm Crystal Lattice Systems Microstructure Riemannian geometry Space of Interpretation

Dosimetric Comparison of Fixed and Flexible geometry ICRT Applicators in Patients Treated for Carcinoma Cervix

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2015年第1期4卷 1-6页

作者： Sukhvir Singh Arti Sarin Manoj Kumar Semwal Ajay Kumar Singh Pankaj Goyal Ashok Kumar Department of Radiation Oncology Army Hospital (R&R) Delhi Cantonment New Delhi India

In intracavitary radiotherapy (ICRT) for cancer cervix, applicator geometry has the potential to impact the doses to organs at risk (OARs) and the coverage of the target volume. At our centre two Varian made Fletcher-style applicator sets, namely defined (fixed) geometry and flexible geometry, are used for ICRT. In the present work, the two types of applicators were compared dosimetrically as per the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU-38) while delivering high dose rate brachytherapy. Twenty four patients who underwent ICRT were considered for this study. Radiographic method was used for treatment planning on Abacus planning system. ICRU-38 recommended parameters were estimated and compared. Flexible geometry applicator showed 8.8% and 16% higher bladder and rectum point doses as compared to the fixed geometry one but the difference was statistically not significant. The thickness of the pear-shaped isodose volume was larger for the flexible geometry implant also indicating towards higher doses to OARs. The higher bladder and rectum point doses in the case of flexible applicator will need to be validated by a larger data set.

关键词： Carcinoma Cervix Intracavitary Radiotherapy Applicator geometry Dosimetry