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geographical variation in nest defense among cinereous tit populations in China

Current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 59-65页

作者： Chao Shen Dake Yin Jiangping Yu Li Zhang Zheng Han Longru Jin Wei Liang Haitao Wang Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics School of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization School of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology School of Life SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Behavioral divergence among populations is common across taxonomic groups,still we know very little about anti-predator behaviors.Animal exposure to predation risk is variable in different ecological contexts.In addition,reproduction value of animals in different geographical regions usually varies.In this study,we tested whether cinereous tits Parus cinereus in different populations exhibited nest defense behaviors similar to those of nest or adult predators and whether their nest defense behaviors showed geographical variation.By using field dummy experiments,we observed tits’nest defense behavior in nest predator common chipmunk Tamias sibiricus and red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris,adult predator Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus and nonthreatening species Oriental turtle dove Streptopelia orientalis in the ZJ(44°N),DZ(31°N),and DLS(18°N)populations,respectively.The response scores varied significantly across the 4 dummies in ZJ-tits and DLS-tits but did not in DZ-tits.When facing the chipmunk,ZJ-tits showed the highest response score and DZ-tits showed the lowest response score.When facing the squirrel,ZJ-tits showed a higher response score than tits in the other 2 populations.However,tits among the 3 populations responded similarly to a sparrowhawk or dove with slight response behaviors.In addition,response scores to nest predators were positively correlated with brood size across the 3 populations,but no trend was found for sparrowhawks or doves.Our results indicated that the nest defense behaviors of cinereous tits have evolved in response to large-scale geographical variation in ecological contexts and reproduction value.

关键词： cinereous tit geographical variation nest defense behavior nest predation

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geographical variation and Influencing Factors of Spartina alterniflora Expansion Rate in Coastal China

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Chinese geographical Science 2020年第1期30卷 127-141页

作者： ZHANG Danhua HU Yuanman LIU Miao CHANG Yu SUN Lishuang School of Transportation Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110164China

Biological invasion poses a huge threat to ecological security.Spartina alterniflora was introduced into China in 1979,and its arrival corresponded with negative effects on native ecosystems.To explore geographical variation of its expansion rate in coastal China,we selected 43 S.alterniflora sites from Tianjin Coastal New Area to Beihai.The area expansion rate,expansion rate paralleling and vertical to the shoreline were analysed based on Landsat images and field survey in 2015.Simple Ocean Data Assimilation(SODA)and climate data were collected to statistically analyse the influential factors of expansion rate.Results showed that significant difference of S.alterniflora area expansion rate among different latitude zones(P<0.01),increasing from 6.08%at southern(21°N–23°N)to 19.87% in Bohai Bay(37°N–39°N)along latitude gradient.There was a significant difference in expansion rate vertical to shoreline in different latitude zones(P<0.01)with the largest occurring in Bohai Bay(256m/yr,37°N–39°N),and showed an decreasing tendency gradually from north to south.No significant difference and latitudinal clines in expansion rate paralleling to shoreline were observed.Expansion rate had significant negative correlation with mean seawater temperature,the lowest seawater temperature,current zonal velocity and meridional velocity and presented a reducing trend as these biotic factors increased;however,they were not significantly correlated with the highest seawater temperature and mean seawater salinity.We identified significant correlations between expansion rate and annual mean temperature,the lowest temperature in January and annual precipitation,but there was little correlation with annual diurnal difference in temperature and the highest temperature in July.The rapid expansion rate in high-latitude China demonstrated a higher risk of potential invasion in the north;dynamic monitoring and control management should be established as soon as possible.

关键词： geographical variation biological invasion Spartina alterniflora expansion rate coastal wetlands China

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geographical variations in risk factors associated with HIV infection among drug users in a prefecture in Southwest China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 324-333页

作者： Yi-Biao Zhou Qi-Xing Wang Song Liang Yu-Han Gong Mei-Xiao Yang Yue Chen Shi-Jiao Nie Lei Nan Ai-Hui Yang Qiang Liao Yang Yang Xiu-Xia Song Qing-Wu Jiang Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthFudan University138 Yi Xue Yuan RoadShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety Fudan UniversityMinistry of EducationShanghaiChina Center for Tropical Disease Research Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture SichuanChina Department of Environmental and Global Health College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA. Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Xuhui Center for Disease Prevention and Control ShanghaiChina School of Epidemiology Public Health and Preventive MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada Department of Biostatistics University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Background:Previous studies have shown inconsistent or even contradictory results for some risk factors associated with HIV infection among drug users,and these may be partially explained by geographical variations.Methods:Data were collected from 11 methadone clinics in the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from 2004 to 2012.A non-spatial logistical regression model and a geographically weighted logistic regression model were fitted to analyze the association between HIV infection and specific factors at the individual level.Results:This study enrolled 6,458 patients.The prevalence of HIV infection was 25.1%.The non-spatial model indicated that being divorced was positively associated with HIV infection.The spatial model also showed that being divorced was positively associated with HIV infection,but only for 49.4%of individuals residing in some northern counties.The non-spatial model suggested that service sector work was negatively associated with HIV infection.However,the spatial model indicated that service work was associated with HIV infection,but only for 23.0%of patients living in some western counties.The non-spatial model did not show that being married was associated with HIV infection in our study field,but the spatial model indicated that being married was negatively associated with HIV infection for 12.0%of individuals living in some western counties.For other factors,the non-spatial and spatial models showed similar results.Conclusion:The spatial model may be useful for improving understanding of geographical heterogeneity in the relationship between HIV infection and individual factors.Spatial heterogeneity may be useful for tailoring intervention strategies for local regions,which can consequently result in a more efficient allocation of limited resources toward the control of HIV transmission.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Drug users geographically weighted logistic regression geographical variation Ethnic epidemiology

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Mortality Rates of Ventricular Septal Defect for Children in Kazakhstan: Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Appraisal

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第4期18卷 447-459页

作者： Akkerbez Adilbekova Shukhrat Marassulov Bakhytzhan Nurkeev Saken Kozhakhmetov Aikorkem Badambekova Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Department National Scientific Medical CenterAstana CityRepublic of Kazakhstan Department of Surgical Diseases with Courses in Cardiothoracic Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery Аstana Medical UniversityAstana CityRepublic of Kazakhstan Faculty of General Medicine Аstana Medical UniversityAstana CityRepublic of Kazakhstan

Objective: The aim is to study the trends in ventricular septal defect (VSD) mortality in children in Kazakhstan.Methods: The retrospective study was done for the period 2011–2020. Descriptive and analytical methods of epidemiologywere applied. The universally acknowledged methodology used in sanitary statistics is used to calculatethe extensive, crude, and age-specific mortality rates. Results: Kazakhstan is thought to be seeing an increase inmortality from VSDs in children. As a result, this study for the years 2011 to 2020 was conducted to retrospectivelyassess data from the central registration of the Bureau of National Statistics that was available throughoutthe nation. Age-standardized mortality data were obtained and compared between age categories. It was shownthat 507 children died from this condition throughout the time period under study. The average annual standardizedmortality rate was 1.88 per 100,000 population and tended to decrease over time. The peak of mortality wasnoted at the age of up to 1 year, namely the neonatal period. Cartogram mortality rates were calculated usingstandardized indicators. Additionally, age-sex variations were taken into account when performing all calculations.Conclusion: In recent years, the death rate from VSD has declined from 1.5 to 0.6 per 100,000 people, withthe trend remaining constant (T = 1.4%, R^(2) = 0.5825). The analysis of mortality trends related to VSD is crucial inboth theoretical and practical aspects, as it enables early detection and treatment of VSDs. The findings of thisstudy will be valuable to public health authorities in developing a strategy to treat VSDs effectively.

关键词： Ventricular septal defect children mortality geographical variation kazakhstan

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Body size variation of four latitudinally-separated populations of a toad species:age and growth rate as the proximate determinants

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第3期8卷 315-323页

作者： Tonglei YU Xin LU Department of Zoology College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina

Age and growth rate are critical parameters determining the body size of adult anurans,which grow indeterminately.Therefore,evaluating their relative importance and selective pressures acting on them may help to explain variation in body size of anurans across geographical populations.Based on the data on body size and skeletochronological age of 4 Asiatic toad(Bufo gargarizans)populations that are widely separated in latitude,the present study showed that toads at the northern extremity of the range were the oldest,on average,and grew relatively fast,toads at the southern end of the range were relatively old but grew fastest,whereas mid-latitude toads were intermediate in both traits.These results indicated that relative contributions of age and growth rate to body size differed among populations.From a life history perspective,greater age attained by toads at higher latitudes should result from delayed maturation,and faster growth from an adaptive response to strong seasonal time constraints;in contrast,selective pressures on the 2 parameters at lower latitudes might be associated,respectively,with low adult death rates and longer favorable growing seasons.

关键词： age body size Bufo gargarizans geographical variation growth rate

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UV reflectance is associated with environmental conditions in Palaearctic Pieris napi （Lepidoptera： Pieridae）

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 508-518页

作者： David Stella Pavel Pechack Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow Karel Kleisner Faculty of Science Department of Philosophy and History of Science Charles University Prague Czech Republic Department of Biology Research Institute of Luminescent Organisms Tokyo Japan Department of Genetics and Physiology Oulu University Oulu Finland

The subject of our investigation was the visual features of wing color with special focus on the UV reflectance in the green-veined white butterfly （Pieris napi）. Previous studies had concluded that UV reflectance on dorsal wing surfaces is found only in the female P napi. Based on UV sensitive photography, we analyzed a correlation between 12 geographic and environmental factors and UV reflectance patterns on 3 patches on the forewings of 407 P. napi specimens from the Palaearctic region. Results had shown that females significantly differ from males： they exhibit a 25% higher UV reflectance. To investigate whether and how UV reflectance levels on the forewings and hindwings of both sexes are influenced by the environment, we performed a principal component analysis （PCA） with several environmental variables. For several variables （in particular, latitude and longitude, mean annual temperature and precipitation, and temperature annual range and altitude）, the generalized linear model （GLM） model revealed a significant correlation in both sexes. This suggests a link between UV reflectance levels and the environment and distribution of P. napi. We found that stronger UV reflectance is associated with generally more hostile environments and concluded that large-scale environmental factors influence the UV reflectance on the forewings of both male and female green-veined white butterflies.

关键词： geographical variation green-veined white Palaearctic UV photography UV reflectance

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Geographic expansion of the cabbage butterfly （Pieris rapae） and the evolution of highly UV-reflecting females

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Insect Science 2012年第2期19卷 239-246页

作者： Yuya Fukano Toshiyuki Satoh Tadao Hirota Yudai Nishide Yoshiaki Obara Behavioural Biology Department of Animal Life Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu Tokyo Department of Biology Faculty of Science Yamagata University Kojirakawa-machi 1-4-2 Yamagata Japan

Reflection of ultraviolet （UV） light by the wings of the female Eurasian cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae, shows a large geographic variation. The wings of the female of the European subspecies, P. rapae rapae, reflect little UV light, while butterflies of the Asian subspecies, P. rapae crucivora, may reflect it strongly or at only intermediate levels. The geographic region where P. rapae originated remains to be determined, Moreover, it is not clear if females with wings that reflect little UV light are ancestral to females with wings that reflect UV strongly or vice versa. In the present study, we aimed to determine the geographic origin and ancestral UV pattern of cabbage butterflies through mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） sequence analysis and amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） analysis. The results of these investigations suggest that P. rapae is of European origin and that it has expanded its distribution eastward to Asia. It follows that the ancestral subspecies is the type with UV-absorbing wings. Lower nucleotide diversities and haplotype network patterns ofmtDNA derived from East Asian populations suggest that population expansion from Europe to East Asia probably occurred fairly recently and at a rapid rate.

关键词： dispersal geographical origin geographical variation UV reflection

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Field responses of the Asian larch bark beetle, Ips subelongatus, to potential aggregation pheromone components＂ disparity between two populations in northeastern China

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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 311-319页

作者： Li-Wen Song Qing-He Zhang Yue-Qu Chen Tong-Tong Zuo Bing-Zhong Ren School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun Institute of Forest Protection Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences Changchun China Sterling International Inc. Spokane Washington USA

Behavioral responses of the Asian larch bark beetle, lps subelongatus Motsch. to three potential aggregation pheromone components, ipsenol （racemic or [-]- enantiomer）, ipsdienol （racemic or [＋]-enantiomer） and 3-methyl-3-buten- l-ol, were tested using partial or full factorial experimental designs in two provinces （Inner Mongolia and Jilin） of northeastern China. Our field bioassays in Inner Mongolia （Larix principis- rupprechtii Mayr. plantation） clearly showed that ipsenol, either racemic or 97%-（-）- enantiomer, was the only compound that significantly attracted both sexes of 1. subelongatus, while all other compounds （singly or in combinations） were unattractive. There were no two- or three-way synergistic interactions. However, in Jilin Province （L. gmelini [Rupr.] Rupr. Plantation）, all the individual compounds tested were inactive, except a very weak activity by 97%-（-）-ipsenol in 2004 when the beetle population was very high. While a combination of ipsenol and ipsdienol （racemates or enantiomerically pure natural enantiomers） showed a significant attraction for both sexes of I. subelongatus, indicat- ing a two-way synergistic interaction between these two major components, addition of 3-methyl-3-buten-l-ol to these active binary blend（s） did not have any effects on trap catches, suggesting that ipsenol and ipsdienol are the synergistic aggregation pheromone components of I. subelongatus in Jilin Province. It seems that 97%-（-）-ipsenol in Inner Mongolia or the binary blend of 97%-（-）-ipsenol and 97%-（＋）-ipsdienol in Jilin Province are superior to their corresponding racemates, which might be due either to weak inhibitory effects of the antipode enantiomers or to reduced release rates of the active natural enan- tiomer（s） in the racemate（s）. Our current bioassay results suggest that there is a strong geographical variation in aggregation pheromone response of L subelongatus in northeastern China. Future research on the pheromone production and response of 1. subelongatus from different regions in Northeast

关键词： aggregation pheromone enantiomers geographical variation Ips subelongatus ipsdienol ipsenol

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A comparison of the pre-calling period between Japanese and southeastern Asian populations of Spodoptera litura

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 211-216页

作者： MIKA MURATA HIROYUKI MATSUKI RYOHEI YAMAOKA SUMIO TOJO Food Entomology Laboratory National Food Research Institute Independent Administrative Institution Tsukuba Ibaraki Venture Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture SagaUniversity Saga Japan Faculty of Textile Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto

The pre-calling behavior of female adults of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） collected in southern Japan and southeastern Asian countries was investigated. Most females started calling on days 1-4 after adult emergence. In three populations obtained in Saga prefecture in Kyushu mainland, Japan, two different patterns of pre-calling period （PCP） were observed： one was the above-mentioned pattern shown by most individuals, and the other was a pattern in which females sexually matured within several hours after emergence. Diel periodicity was shown in the time of calling activity, and its pattern varied among the populations. Pre-calling period was stable over successive generations in the laboratory.

关键词： geographical variation long distance migration pre-calling period Spodoptera litura

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Reproductive traits of the gray ratsnake,Ptyas korros,from three geographically distinct populations

Reproductive traits of the gray ratsnake,Ptyas korros,from t...

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第七届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会

作者： Long-Hui Lin1,Fei Mao1,Ce Chen2,Xiang Ji2 (Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Animal Adaptation and Evolution,School of Life Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310036,Zhejiang,China 2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology,College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,Jiangsu,China)

We collected gravid gray rat snakes(Ptyas korros) from three geographically distinct populations in China,Chenzhou(CZ),Jiangshan(JS) and Dinghai(DH),to study geographical variation in female reproductive traits.Egg-la... 详细信息

关键词： Colubridae Life-history Reproductive output Egg size Clutch size geographical variation Egg-laying date

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