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One hundred years of population ecology:Successes,failures and the road ahead

Integrative Zoology 2015年第3期10卷 233-240页

作者： Charles J.KREBS Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada and Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia

Population ecology is the most mature of the three subdisciplines of ecology partly because it has a solid mathematical foundation and partly because it can address the primary questions of distribution and abundance with experimental *** there is much left to do to integrate our population knowledge into community and ecosystem ecology to help address the global issues of food security and the conservation of *** different approaches are now being developed to bring about this integration and much more research will be necessary to decide which if any will be most useful in achieving our goals of explaining the changes we see in the distribution and abundance of animals and *** web ecology would appear to be the best approach at present because it uses the detailed information of the population ecology of particular species in combination with data on consumer-resource interactions to apply to the applied problems of biodiversity conservation,food security,pest management and disease *** we can use our understanding of population ecology to address the practical problems of our time in a creative way,we will benefit both the human population and the Earth’s *** remains to be done.

关键词： abundance geographic distributions history of ecology population models

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Cysticercosis in Shandong Province,Eastern China

Cysticercosis in Shandong Province,Eastern China

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中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第一届青年科学家学术论坛

作者： Gongzhen Liu Yanshen Li Yong Cui Bingcheng Huang Hongfa Wang Yanping Chen Jingxuan Kou Fuyong Wang Chongxing Zhang Yong Huang Qingkuan Wei Jin Li Hui Sun Kun Yin Guihua Zhao Zhenhua Yu Xin Liu Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences

We analyzed demographic and clinical data and estimated the incidence of cysticercosis in Shandong Province,China,during *** analyses showed that a cysticercosis-endemic area is present in Shandong Province,especially in its western *** surveillance and control are needed to address the elevated risk for cysticercosis in this *** calculated the40-year incidence rate by dividing the number of newly diagnosed cases during the examined time period by the province’s mid-period population(i.e.,the 1995 population).In total,1,952 cysticercosis case-patients were *** crude 40-year incidence rate was,therefore,22.4(95% CI 21.4-23.4) cases per 1 million *** further calculated incidence rates by age,sex,and *** the 1,952 case-patients,1,288(66%) were male and 664(34%) were female,and more patients lived in rural areas(69.0%) than in urban areas(31.0%).Study data indicated a higher incidence rate for male(29.1 [95% Cl 27.5-30.7] cases/1 million population) than female(15.5 [95% CI 14.4-16.7]) patients and for rural residence(27.9 [95% Cl 25.7-30.1]) than for urban residence(20.6 [95% Cl 19.5-21.7]).For age,we observed the highest incidence rate for the 30-39-year age group(37.2 [95% Cl 34.1-40.3] cases/1 million population),followed by the40-49-year age group(32.7 [95% CI 29.5-35.9]) and the 20-29-year age group(26,6 [95% CI24.0-29.1]).The <1-9-year age group had the lowest incidence risk(6.7 [95% Cl 5.4-8.1]).Our analyses showed that a cysticercosis-endemic area is present in Shandong Province,especially in its western *** surveillance and control are needed to address the elevated risk for cysticercosis in this region.

关键词： cysticercosis incidence rate Shandong Province geographic distributions diagnosis

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