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Science China(Life Sciences) 2011年第12期54卷 1134-1142页

作者： ZHANG HaiWei HUANG Yu YE XiangSheng XU FangSen National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agriculture and Environment Ministry of Agriculture Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

genotypic variations in the adaptive response to low-phosphorus （P） stress and P-uptake efficiency have been widely reported in many crops. We conducted a pot experiment to evaluate the P-acquisition ability of two rapeseed （Brassica napus） geno- types supplied with two sparingly soluble sources of P, A1-P and Fe-P. Then, the root morphology, proton concentrations, and carboxylate content were investigated in a solution experiment to examine the genotypic difference in P-acquisition efficiency. Both genotypes produced greater biomass and accumulated more P when supplied with A1-P than when supplied with Fe-P. The P-efficient genotype 102 showed a significantly greater ability to deplete sparingly soluble P from the rhizosphere soil be- cause of its greater biomass and higher P uptake compared with those of the P-inefficient genotype 105. In the solution exper- iment, the P-efficient genotype under low-P conditions developed dominant root morphological traits, and it showed more in- tensive rhizosphere acidification because of greater H＋ effiux, higher H＋-ATPase activity, and greater exudation of carbox- ylates than the P-inefficient genotype. Thus, a combination of morphological and physiological mechanisms contributed to the genotypic variation in the utilization of different sparingly soluble P sources in B. napus.

关键词： Brassica napus sparingly soluble P genotypic variation root morphology H+ and carboxylate exudation

genotypic variation in Root Morphological Characteristics of Common Bean in Relation to Phosphorus Efficiency

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2001年第11期43卷 1161-1166页

作者：廖红严小龙华南农业大学植物营养遗传研究室根系生物学研究中心广州510642

Root morphology in plants may be related to phosphorus (P) efficiency by affecting the absorption characteristics of the root system. However, genotypic variation in root morphological characteristics of common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by P availability has not been well clarified. In the present study, systematic studies were conducted in a P-buffered sand culture system using three pairs of common bean parental materials with contrasting root traits in response to P deficiency. The results indicate that P availability significantly affects bean root morphology. Common bean tends to have smaller root system, shorter and coarser roots at low P availability. genotypic variation in root morphology was observed among different genotypes in response to P availability. The P efficient genotypes appear to have larger, finer and longer root systems than the P inefficient genotypes, and such a variation was particularly obvious in the basal roots. From allomeric analysis, we found that morphological characteristics of the basal roots contribute more to P efficiency than those of the tap roots. Further studies with the F-9 recombinant inbred lines derived from one of the most contrasting parental pairs, DOR364 and G19833, confirmed the above findings, indicating that those morphological characteristics are inheritable hence provide potential for genetic improvement.

关键词： common bean root morphology phosphorus efficiency genotypic variation

Effect of Source-Sink Manipulation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Flag Leaf and the Remobilization of Dry Mass and Nitrogen in Vegetative Organs of Wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1680-1690页

作者： ZHANG Ying-hua SUN Na-na HONG Jia-pei ZHANG Qi WANG Chao XUE Qing-wu ZHOU Shun-li HUANG Qin WANG Zhi-min Key Laboratory of Farming System Ministry of Agriculture/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Texas AgriLife Research Amarillo TX 79106 USA

The photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and the accumulation and remobilization of pre-anthesis dry mass（DM） and nitrogen（N） in vegetable organs in nine wheat cultivars under different source-sink manipulation treatments including defoliation（DF）, spike shading（SS） and half spikelets removal（SR） were investigated. Results showed that the SS treatment increased the photosynthetic rate（Pn） of flag leaf in source limited cultivar, but had no significant effect on sink limited cultivar. The SR treatment decreased the Pn of flag leaf. Grain DM accumulation was limited by source in some cultivars, in other cultivars, it was limited by sink. Grain N accumulation was mainly limited by source supply. The contribution of pre-anthesis dry mass to grain yield from high to low was stem, leaf and chaff, while the contribution of pre-anthesis N to grain N from high to low was leaf, stem and chaff. Cultivars S7221 and TA9818 can increase the contribution of remobilization of DM and N to grain at the maximum ratio under reducing source treatments, which may be the major reason for these cultivars having lower decrease in grain yield and N content under reducing source treatments.

关键词： genotypic variation remobilization of pre-anthesis dry mass and nitrogen source-sink treatment wheat

Detection of Tocopherol in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Using Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第5期12卷 803-814页

作者： Nazim Hussain Zahra Jabeen LI Yuan-long CHEN Ming-xun LI Zhi-lan GUO Wan-li Imran Haider Shamsi CHEN Xiao-yang JIANG Li-xi Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources of Zhejiang Province College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang University

The variation among Chinese genotypes of Brassica napus L. for seed tocopherols content and their analysis using gas chromatography has not been comprehensively reported till to date. In the present study, the tocopherol contents of four Chinese genotypes of Brassica napus L., namely, Gaoyou 605, Zhejiang 619, Zheshuang 758, and Zheshuang 72, were evaluated using three modified sample preparation protocols （P1, P2, and P3） for tocopherol extraction. These methods were distinguished as follows. Protocol one （P1） included the evaporation of solvent after extraction without silylation. Protocol two （P2） followed the direct supernatant collection after overnight extraction without drying and silylation. Protocol three （P3） included trimethylsilylation with N,O-bis（trimethylsilyl） trifluoroacetamide. genotypic comparison of tocopherol and its isoforms revealed that Gaoyou 605 was dominant over the other genotypes with （140.5＋ 10.5）, （316.2＋ 9.2）, and （559.1＋ 24.3） ~tg g-~ of seed meal ct-, 7-, and total （T-） tocopherol, respectively, and a 0.44＋0.04 ^- to 7-tocopherol ratio. The comparison of the sample preparation protocols, on the other hand, suggests that P3 is the most suitable method for the tocopherol extraction from Brassica oilseeds and for the analysis of tocopherols using gas chromatography flame ionization detector （GC-FID）. Trimethylsilylation is the key step differentiating P3 from P1 and P2. variations detected in tocopherol contents among the Chinese rapeseed （B. napus） genotypes signify the need to quantify a wide range of rapeseed germplasm for seed tocopherol dynamics in short and crop improvement in long.

关键词： Brassica napus L. genotypic variation tocopherol analysis gas chromatography flame ionization detector

Selenium Differentially Regulates Flavonoid Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacities in Sprouts of Twenty Diverse Mungbean(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)Genotypes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 611-625页

作者： Fenglan Zhao Jizhi Jin Meng Yang Franklin Eduardo Melo Santiago Jianping Xue Li Xu Yongbo Duan Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Featured Resource Plants College of Life SciencesHuaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Department of Soil Science Federal Institute of PiauiUruçuíPiauí64860-000Brazil The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guiyang550003China

Seed germination with selenium(Se)is promising for producing Se-biofortiﬁed ***(Vigna radiata(L.)Wilczek)sprout is freshly eaten as a salad dressed with sauce,making it superior for Se biofortiﬁ*** the Se safety range for the human body is extremely narrow,it is imperative to evaluate the genotypic responses of mungbean sprouts to *** study evaluated the Se enrichment capacity and interaction withﬂavonoids and antioxidant systems in sprouts of 20 mungbean *** treatment was done by immersing mung-bean seeds in 20μM sodium selenite solution for 8 ***,the biomass,Se amounts,ﬂavonoid(particularly vitexin and isovitexin)contents,antioxidant capacity,and key biosynthetic gene expressions were *** Se content was 2.0-7.0μg g^(-1) DW among the 20 mungbean *** treatment differentially affected the biomass,totalﬂavonoid,vitexin,isovitexin,antioxidant enzyme activities,and antioxidant capacities of the mungbean *** germplasms showed increased biomass(p<0.05),the highest increasing by 127%,but 13 did not phenotypically respond to Se *** and six germplasms showed varied levels of vitexin and isovitexin increment after Se treatment,the highest measuring 2.67-and 2.87-folds for vitexin and isovitexin,*** mungbeanﬂavonoid biosynthesis genes,chalcone synthase(VrCHS)and chalcone isomerase(VrCHI)were signiﬁcantly up-regulated in the germplasms with increased vitexin and isovitexin levels(p<0.05).Moreover,Se enrichment capacity was signiﬁcantly correlated with the vitexin,isovitexin,and antiox-idant *** conclusion,mungbean sprouts could be a useful Se-biofortiﬁed food,but the Se enrichment capacity and nutritional response must be determined for each germplasm before commercialization.

关键词： Antioxidant capacity gene expression genotypic variation isovitexin vitexin selenium

The association between SNPs at BnVTE4 andα-/γ- tocopherol ratio in oilseed rape(Brassica napus)

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The association between SNPs at BnVTE4 andα-/γ- tocopherol...

不同基因型烟草响应铅毒害的生理变化以及N-乙酰基半胱氨酸（NAC）对铅毒害缓解作用的研究

中国作物学会2013年学术年会

作者： N.Hussain I.H.Shamsi Lixi Jiang Department of Agronomy Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University

Rapeseed is the most important oil crop of temperate *** is grown mainly for vegetable oil for human consumption,but also for other purposes such as animal feed and raw industrial *** oil contains tocopherols(Toc),an indispensable nutrient for humans and animals due to its antioxidant and radical scavenging *** comprises of four isomers(α,β,γ,andδ-Toc).In rapeseed oil,γ-Toc is the most predominant isoforms, followed byα-Toc,which exhibits 100%biological activity of vitamin ***,seed oil with increased

关键词： Brassica napus genotypic variation Tocopherol SNP VTE4 EMS HRM α-/γ-Tocopherol ratio

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不同基因型烟草响应铅毒害的生理变化以及N-乙酰基半胱氨酸（NAC...

作者： Antony Maodzeka（安东尼）浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,由于世界重工业化进程的加剧,农业用地逐渐受到重金属污染。重金属铅毒害,对作物的产量有着极大的负面影响。很多现代化生产方式,比方说农药化肥的滥用,汽车尾气的排放以及矿产开采,这些都会潜在的对农业用地造成铅污染的毒害。... 详细信息

近年来,由于世界重工业化进程的加剧,农业用地逐渐受到重金属污染。重金属铅毒害,对作物的产量有着极大的负面影响。很多现代化生产方式,比方说农药化肥的滥用,汽车尾气的排放以及矿产开采,这些都会潜在的对农业用地造成铅污染的毒害。由于铅元素对作物而言不是必需元素,所以土壤中即使含有少量的铅,也会对作物产生很大的毒害作用。研究发现,铅胁迫会导致作物产生ROS(活性氧),ROS会对植物细胞的重要组分,比如蛋白质、油脂以及核苷酸等,产生氧化胁迫的危害。不仅如此,铅毒害会抑制许多重要的细胞代谢酶的活性,其中影响最大的是光合代谢途径。植株通过不同的代谢途径,产生具有抗氧化能力的蛋白以及非蛋白物质,进而提高植株本身的耐毒性。不同基因型的烟草因为自身的遗传特性而不同,所以其抵抗重金属危害的能力不同,而且抗逆性与重金属污染的类别具有很大的关联。所以对烟草耐铅性的研究已经成为刻不容缓的事实,其中有效途径为寻找耐铅性较强的烟草品种,考察铅毒害对收集的不同基因型烟草品种生理活性指数的影响,以及各种可以缓解铅毒害的代谢途径,最终探寻有效的可以缓解铅毒害的方法。在这篇研究中,我们就致力于解决以上问题,也可以帮助我们了解烟草响应铅毒害的机理,最终挑选出可以在实际生产中应用的耐铅毒害的烟草基因型。1.铅毒害下,不同基因型烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)各自的表型以及生理机制的变化。将七份不同基因型的烟草材料种植在含有不同铅浓度(Pb(NO3)2)的水培营养液中,结果表明,随着铅浓度的上升,植株生长指数以及光合作用强度都降低,植株中抗氧化酶的含量随着水培液中铅浓度的上升,都会显著提高。有趣的是,CAT的活性是降低的,并且,随着铅浓度的上升,不同基因型植株中MDA的含量显著上升。另外,烟草植株根以及叶片组织中铅的含量随着溶液中铅浓度的上升,含量也会随之上升。总而言之,我们发现,不同基因型的烟草品种响应铅毒害的机理,有着显著的区别。2.外源喷施乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC),对烟草植株铅毒害的缓解机理研究我们研究测试了乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)对烟草铅毒害的缓解能力。分别用不同浓度的铅处理植株,并各自添加200或者300μM的NAC,以不添加NAC的处理作为对照。结果表明,随着铅浓度的提高,植株的生长受到抑制。但是,通过外源不同浓度NAC的添加(200和300btM),可以促进植株的生长,而在500μM的Pb(NO3)2的处理下,外源NAC的施加并没有促进植株的生长,但是可以增加植株中的光合色素的含量。在Pb(NO3)2的处理水平下,NAC对各种基因型烟草植株均有广泛的促进生长的作用,比如说增强植株光合代谢途径的能力。外源喷施NAC,同样可以增加植株体内SOD, APX以及CAT的活性,但是却降低了APX的活性。综上所述,NAC可以有效降低植株叶片中的铅浓度,进而增强植株抗铅毒害的能力。在Pb胁迫下,外源施用NAC也能够减少Pb对叶绿体超微结构的伤害保护光合器官的完整性。

关键词： genotypic variation lead stress tobacco alleviation N-acetyl cysteine