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Changes in human pluripotent stem cell gene expression after genotoxic stress exposures

World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第5期6卷 598-605页

作者： Mykyta V Sokolov Ronald D Neumann Nuclear Medicine Division Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesClinical CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892United States

Human pluripotent stem cells(h PSCs) represent heterogeneous populations, including induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs), endogenous plastic somatic cells, and embryonic stem cells(ESCs). Human ESCs are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, and they are characterized by the abilities to self-renew indefinitely, and to give rise to all cell types of embryonic lineage(pluripotency) under the guidance of the appropriate chemical, mechanical and environmental cues. The combination of these critical features is unique to h ESCs, and set them apart from other human cells. The expectations are high to utilize h ESCs for treating injuries and degenerative diseases; for modeling of complex illnesses and development; for screening and testing of pharmacological products; and for examining toxicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and potential carcinogenic effects of a variety of environmental factors, including ionizing radiation(IR). Exposures to genotoxic stresses, such as background IR, are unavoidable; moreover, IR is widely used in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in medicine on a routine basis. One of the key outcomes of cell exposures to IR is the change in gene expression, which may underlie the ultimate h ESCs fate after such a stress. However, gaps in our knowledge about basic biology of h ESCs impose a serious limitation to fully realize the potential of h ESCs in practice. The purpose of this review is to examine the available evidence of alterations in gene expression in human pluripotent stem cells after genotoxic stress, and to discuss strategies for future research in this important area.

关键词： Human pluripotent stem cells Gene expression alterations genotoxic stress Ionizing radiation

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Proteomic profiling and genome-wide mapping of O-GlcNAc chromatin associated proteins reveals O-GlcNAc-regulated genotoxic stress response in human breast cancer cells

Proteomic profiling and genome-wide mapping of O-GlcNAc chro...

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2020年糖科学青年科技论坛

作者： Yubo Liu Qiushi Chen Nana Zhang Wenli Li Yan Ren Jianing Zhang School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences Dalian University of Technology Clinical Laboratory of BGI Health BGI-Shenzhen

O-GlcNAc modification plays a critical role in regulating stress response program and cellular ***,systematic and multi-omics studies on O-GlcNAc regulated mechanism during these processes have been *** this study,multi-layered data were obtained by an emerging chemical reporter-based method to integrally survey O-GlcNAc function in genotoxic agent Adriamycin（Adm） stimulated human breast cancer *** identified 638 genotoxic stress-elicited O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated proteins（OCPs）,including 88 O-GlcNAc chromatin-associated transcription factors and cofactors（OCTFs）,subsequently mapped their genomic loci,and constructed a comprehensive transcriptional reprograming ***,genotoxicity-induced O-GlcNAc enhances the interaction of OCPs with chromatin across the *** binding between hundreds of enhancer and promoter regions by multiple OCPs is defined as a crucial feature to specifically activate transcribe genes involved in cancer cells genotoxic stress *** identified nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-1（NRF1）,one of OCTFs,as a key responsive regulator in O-GlcNAc modulated cellular *** results provide a valuable clue to understand OCPs acting as a stress sensor through regulating various genes expression to protect cancer cells from genotoxic dilemma.

关键词： O-GlcNAc genotoxic stress transcriptional network NRF1

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Arabidopsis poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolases play important roles in DNA repair

Arabidopsis poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolases play important ...

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第十四届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Hailei Zhang Caifeng Liu Zongying Gu Xiaochun Ge School of Life Science Fudan University

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) catalyzes poly(ADP-ribosyl) ation of proteins by attaching multiple ADP-riboses onto protein acceptors using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+) as ***(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase(... 详细信息

关键词： Arabidopsis genome integrity PARG genotoxic stress

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