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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 115-123页

作者： Dong Chu Fang-Hao Wan Yun-Li Tao Guo-Xia Liu Zhong-Xue Fan Yu-Ping Bi High-tech Research Center Shandong Academy of Agncultural Sciences Jinan Shandong The State Key Laboratory for Biology ofPlant Diseasesand Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agncultural Sciences Beijing China

In the present study, genetic differentiation of Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） biotype Q was analyzed based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I （mt CO1） gene sequence. The results showed that B. tabaci biotype Q could be separated into two subclades, which were labeled as subclades Q1 and Q2. Subclade Q1 was probably indigenous to the regions around the Mediterranean area and subclade Q2 to Israel or Cyprus. It was because B. tabaci was composed of several genetically distinct groups with a strong geographical association between more closely related biotypes. Not all of the B. tabaci biotype Q in the non-Mediterranean countries come from the same regions. Until now, all B. tabaci biotype Q in China were grouped into subclade Q 1. The B. tabaci biotype Q introduced into the US included both subclades Q 1 and Q2. The genetic structure analysis showed higher genetic variation of subclade Q 1 than that of subclade Q2.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biotype Q genetic differentiation mitochondria COI gene

genetic differentiation of Wolffia globosa in China

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第6期49卷 509-517页

作者： 1,2Jun-Xia YUAN 1Jin PAN 1Bao-Sheng WANG 1Da-Ming ZHANG 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China) 2(Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China)

Wolffia Horkel ex Schleid.(Lemnaceae) includes the world’s smallest angiosperms.Morphologically,their bodies are extremely simplified,making classification difficult and long-disputed.No reports about the genetic structure of these clonal-dominant aquatic plants have been published until now.In this study,of 247 samples from 42 populations spanning representative locations in China,two chloroplast haplotypes(glo-cp and un-cp) and 66 amplified fragment length polymorphism genotypes were identified.Based on wide sampling,cpDNA haplotypes,and amplified fragment length polymorphism profiles,we found that there are two genetic lineages(glo-and unlineages) of Wolffia species in China.Genotypic and genetic diversity of Wolffia species are high compared with other clonal plants(Simpson’s index,D = 0.97;Nei’s diversity,H = 0.1835).Different spatial structure patterns were detected between glo-and un-lineages.Positive autocorrelation at short distances(1500 km) were detected within the glo-lineage,but no significant spatial genetic structure was detected beyond 100 km within the un-lineage.Overall,spatial genetic analysis of W.globosa revealed significant autocorrelation within short distances,indicating that restricted gene flow might be one of the most important factors in shaping genetic structure.

关键词： AFLP chloroplast DNA genetic differentiation spatial genetic structure Wolffia.

genetic differentiation of Helicoverpa armigera （Hübner） and H. assulta （Guenée）（Lepidoptera： Noctuidae） based on AFLP markers

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Insect Science 2006年第6期13卷 437-444页

作者： QING-LEI MING CHEN-ZHU WANG State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing School of Life Sciences Xuzhou Normal UniversityXuzhou Jiangsu China

Here we use amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） to assess genetic differentiation of Helicoverpa armigera and H. assulta. The results indicated that both species-specific fingerprints and cluster analysis showed the ability of AFLP technique to discriminate the two sibling species; among a total 1963 AFLP markers amplified from nine primer combinations： 777 （39.6%） were H. armigera-specific, 602 （30.7%） were H. assulta- specific, and 584 （29.7%） were common bands. The mean number ofH. armigera-specific bands was significantly more than that of H. assulta-specific bands for nine primer combinations （P 〈 0.05）; the intraspecific distance of H. armigera and H. assulta was 0.123 0 and 0.110 7 respectively, and the interspecific distance was 0.178 3. In addition, the percentage of polymorphic loci and estimated average heterozygosity were used to estimate genetic diversity of the two species. This study therefore demonstrates that AFLP analysis is a sensitive and reliable technique to study genetic differentiation and genetic relationships between species and provides sufficient molecular markers for future linkage map conslruction, location and eventual cloning of genes involved in traits differentiation.

关键词： AFLP analysis genetic differentiation Helicoverpa armigera H. assulta molecular markers

The analysis of genetic diversity and differentiation of six Chinese cattle populations using microsatellite markers

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Journal of genetics and Genomics 2008年第1期35卷 25-32页

作者： Yongjiang Mao Hong Chang Zhangping Yang Liu Zhang Ming Xu Guobin Chang Wei Sun Guangming Song Dejun Ji Animal Science and Technology College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

A total of 321 individuals from six cattle populations of four species in a bovine subfamily in China were studied using 12 pairs of microsatellite markers. The genetic diversities within and between populations were calculated. The phylogenetic trees were constructed by （δμ）^2 and DA distances, and the divergence times between populations were estimated by （δμ）^2. Altogether, 144 microsatellite alleles were detected including 24 private alleles and nine shared alleles. Chinese Holstein had the largest number of private alleles （10）, whereas Bohai black and Buffalo had the smallest number of private alleles （2）. Chinese Holstein showed the highest genetic variability. Its observed number of alleles （Na）, mean effective number of alleles （MNA）, and mean heterozygosity （He） were 7.7500, 4.9722, and 0.7719, respectively, whereas, the Buffalo and Yak showed low genetic variability. In the phylogenetic trees, Luxi and Holstein grouped first, followed by Bohai and Minnan. Yak branched next and buffalo emerged as the most divergent population from other cattle populations. Luxi and Bohai were estimated to have diverged 0.039-0.105 million years ago （MYA）, however, buffalo and Holstein diverged 0.501-1.337 MYA. The divergence time of Yak versus Minnan, Holstein and buffalo was 0.136-0.363, 0.273-0.729, and 0.326-0.600 MYA, respectively.

关键词： genetic diversity genetic differentiation microsatellite bovine subfamily

genetic differentiation of Different Geographical Populations of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Complex

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第6期6卷 696-705页

作者： CHU Dong LIU Guo-xia FAN Zhong-xue TAO Yun-li ZHANG You-jun High-Tech Research Center Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100 P.R.China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） is a species complex, which includes different geographical populations with genetic differentiation. The recent progress on the genetic differentiation of various geographical populations of B. tabaci complex was introduced. The genetic differentiation was further analyzed on the basis of the sequences of mtDNA COI and rDNA ITS1 recorded in the world＇s GenBank. Five groups are defined on the basis of mtDNA COI and rDNA ITS1, including the Asia group, America group, Africa group, Australia group, and Biotype B/Mediterranean/Middle East/ Northern Africa/Biotype Ms group. There are several ungrouped geographical classifications, such as the Uganda population, Ivory Coast population, and Taiwan population. Geographical isolation may be the most important factor that contributed to the genetic differentiation of various geographical populations of B. tabaci. Many populations with biological advantages invaded new regions and caused severe economic losses within human activity. It is necessary to strengthen the research of B. tabaci biotype to prevent the spread of invaded populations and the invasion of potentially dangerous populations.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci （Gennadius） geographical populations mtDNA COI rDNA ITS 1 genetic differentiation

Morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of Lutraria maxima in coast waters off southeast China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第4期39卷 1387-1402页

作者： Kang CHEN Weifeng WANG Weilin ZHU Xiuli CHEN Huanling WANG Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of EducationCollege of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture Guangxi Academy of Fishery SciencesNanning 530021China

To explore genetic diversity and estimate the genetic differences among populations of Lutraria maxima in the coastal waters off south to southeast China,the morphology of the species of five different geographical populations(Beihai,Weizhou Island,Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou)in Guangxi,Guangdong,and Fujian provinces was studied statistically in combination with the microsatellite markers.As revealed by morphological principal component analysis(PCA),the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 72.596%.The discrimination accuracy ranged from 47.5%to 80.0%,and the scatter plots of principal component and discriminant analysis were consistent in overall,showing that the Xiamen and Fuzhou populations were overlapped obviously.For microsatellite markers,10 pairs of polymorphic primers were obtained by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing,and used for genetic diversity analysis.It was showed that the average number of alleles and eff ective alleles observed in each population ranged from 8.100 to 10.900,and from 3.497 to 4.228,respectively.The average observed heterozygosity(H_(o))and expected heterozygosity(H_(e))in the five populations ranged from 0.541 to 0.615,and from 0.642 to 0.733,respectively.The genetic distance(DA)ranged from 0.078 to 0.523,and the population genetic differentiation index(F_(ST))ranged from 0.027 to 0.139.The unweighted pair-population method with arithmetic means(UPGMA)and structure analysis showed that the five populations could be divided into two main clusters,the Beibu Gulf group(Beihai and Weizhou Island)and the Southeast China Sea group(Zhanjiang,Xiamen,and Fuzhou),suggesting that L.maxima has been separated geographically by the barrier of the Leizhou Peninsula into two groups in evolution,which provided us with a scientific clue to better protect the bioresource and establish an appropriate fishery management stocks for L.maxima populations in south China.

关键词： Lutraria maxima morphological difference microsatellite markers genetic diversity genetic differentiation transcriptome

genetic diversity and differentiation of three populations of Penaeus monodon Fabricus

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第1期27卷 113-121页

作者： WANG Guizhong TAN Shuhua LI shaojing YE Haihui Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

genetic diversity of two wild Penaeus monodon populations sampled from the coastal waters of Qinglan （ Hainan Province of China, HN） and Malaysia （KD）, and the F1 generation of a Thailand broodstock population （CP） were examined by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Of 21 loci encoded by ten enzymes, 11 were polymorphic. The mean proportions of polymorphic loci of HN, KD and CP were 36. 36%, 45.45% and 50.00% , with the average heterozygosities of 0.135, 0.181 and 0.191, and the effective numbers of alleles per loci were 1. 300, 1. 330 and 1. 329, respectively. The divergent indexes of HN, KD and CP were0.023, 0.124, and 0.117, respectively. The genetic distance between the two wild populations was 0.005, and the gene differentiation coefficient was also very low （0.014）. The results indicated that the F1 generation population had a higher genetic diversity than the two wild populations, and that the HN population had the lowest one. There was no significant differentiation between HN and KD populations and all populations existed with a slight heterozygote excess.

关键词： Penaeus monodon isozyme genetic structure genetic differentiation

Low genetic diversity and high genetic differentiation in the critically endangered Omphalogramma souliei (Primulaceae):implications for its conservation

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第2期47卷 103-109页

作者： Yuan HUANG Chang-Qin ZHANG De-Zhu LI(Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650204,China) Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650204 China

Omphalogramma souliei Franch.is an endangered perennial herb only distributed in alpine areas of SW China.ISSR markers were applied to determine the genetic variation and genetic structure of 60 individuals of three populations of O.souliei in NW Yunnan,China.The genetic diversity at the species level is low with P= 42.5%(percentage of polymorphic bands) and Hsp=0.1762(total genetic diversity).However,a high level of genetic differentiation among populations was detected based on different measures(Nei’s genetic diversity analysis:Gst=0.6038;AMOVA analysis:Fst=0.6797).Low level of genetic diversity within populations and significant genetic differentiation among populations might be due to the mixed mating system in which xenog-amy predominated and autogamy played an assistant role in O.souliei.The genetic drift due to small population size and limited current gene flow also resulted in significant genetic differentiation.The assessment of genetic variation and differentiation of the endangered species provides important information for conservation on a genetic basis.Conservation strategies for this rare endemic species are proposed.

关键词： genetic differentiation genetic diversity ISSR markers mating system Omphalogramma souliei

genetic diversity and differentiation of mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2004年第2期23卷 309-316页

作者： LIZhongbao LIShaojing WANGGuizhong FisheriesCollege JimeiUniversityXiamen361021China SchoolofMarineandEnvironmentalStudies XiamenUniversityXiamen361005China

The genetic diversity and differentiation of 6 mud crab Scylla serrata populations from southeastern China are investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. The mean number of alleles per locus population is 1.3 ± 0.1; the percentage of polymorphic loci per population is 27.3; the observed heterozygosity ranges from (0.195±0.083) to ( 0.241±0.090) and the expected heterozygosity ranges from ( 0.105±0.043 ) to ( 0.131±0.047 ). The coefficient of gene differentiation among populations is low (Fst =0.032), indicating that only 3.2 % of the total genetic diversity comes from inter-population, while the remaining 96.8 % comes from intra-population differences. The genetic distance among populations is 0.000-0.008 (the average is 0.002). Gene flow among the populations is large (Nm = 7.56).genetic structure is very similar among 6 Scylla serrata populations.

关键词： Scylla serrata allozyme genetic diversity genetic structure genetic differentiation

Effects of abamectin selection on the genetic differentiation within Plutella xylostella （Lepidoptera： Plutellidae） based on amplified fragment length polymorphism

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 353-360页

作者： Xiao-Mao Zhou Qing-Jun Wu You-Jun Zhang Lian-Yang Bai Xiong-Ying Huang Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Department of Pesticide Science Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China

Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella （L.） is one of the most serious insect pests for its remarkable ability to develop resistance to virtually every insecticide that has been used against it. In the present study, amplified fragment length poly- morphism （AFLP） is used to study the genetic differentiation as well as the effects of abamectin-selection on population genetic differentiation for P. xylostella. A dendrogram was constructed from the matrix of genetic distances using the STATISTICA software （Version 4.5） and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages （UPGMA）. The data demonstrated that compared to the susceptible strain （ABM-s）, the heterozy- gosity in the abamectin-resistant strain （ABM-r） decreased with the increased selection pressure and resistant level. When the resistance ratio was below 4.3, there was no sig- nificant differentiation at the genome DNA level. When the resistance ratio reached 5.8, a fairly significant differentiation began to appear, and when the resistance ratio reached and exceeded 8.1, there appeared a significant genetic differentiation. The results suggest that abamectin selection is associated with increased genetic polymorphism in P. xylostella.

关键词： abamectin resistance AFLP genetic differentiation Plutella xylostella