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effect of Mixed Dispersants on Suppression of the gel effect during Aqueous Adiabatic Terpolymerization of AM,NaAA,and DMC

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2023年第3期25卷 83-91页

作者： Yang Junfeng Zhou Manli Wang Meng Qingyuan Yakoo Chemical Co. LtdQingyuan 510640China Department of Polymer Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

gelation adversely affects the aqueous adiabatic terpolymerization of acrylamide (AM), sodium acrylate (NaAA),and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DMC). Here, the mixed dispersants sorbitan monooleate (Span80) and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80) were introduced to the terpolymerization system in an attemptto mitigate the gel effect. This enabled the preparation of high-performance amphoteric polyacrylamides, which werecharacterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The influences of the dispersanttype and content as well as the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) on the gel effect were examined, and the mechanismunderlying the suppression of the gel effect was considered. The obtained results indicated that the gel effect can beeffectively mitigated using an aqueous adiabatic terpolymerization system containing mixed Span 80/Tween 80 dispersantsat various contents. In particular, mixed dispersant contents of 0.6%–0.8% with HLB values of 5.0–6.0 afforded the optimalperformance (e.g., high viscosity, fast aqueous dissolution time, and the like).

关键词： gel effect dispersants amphoteric polyacrylamide terpolymerization

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A COMPREHENSIVE MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF STYRENE ATOM TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2010年第4期28卷 483-497页

作者： Mohammad Najafi Hossein Roghani-Mamaqani Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi Vahid Haddadi-Asl International Affairs Research Institute of Petroleum Industry(RIPI)***TehranIran Polymer Engineering Department Amirkabir University of TechnologyP.O.Box 15875-4413TehranIran

An optimized and high-performance Monte Carlo simulation is developed to take thorough account of four different cases of termination in styrene ATRP. According to the simulation results, the bimolecular termination rate constant sharply drops throughout the polymerization when either chain-length dependency of termination rate constant, gel effect, or both together is applied to the simulation. In addition, as expected, the initiator is quickly decomposed at the early stages of the polymerization. The concentration of the catalyst in lower oxidation state decreases at first and then plateaus at higher conversion; furthermore, the steady concentration of Ml^nY/L in the polymerization is the highest when the chain-lengthdependent diffusion-controlled termination rate constant is employed in the simulation. The rates of deactivation and chain end degradation reactions are also smaller in this case. Therefore, the fraction of dormant chains is higher throughout the reaction and consequently the portion of dead polymers decreases. Besides, molecular weight increases linearly with conversion; however, when neither gel effect nor chain-length dependency of termination rate constant is considered, the molecular weight deviates from linearity at the end of the reaction. The peak of chain length distribution shifts toward higher molecular weight too during the reaction. Finally, the molecular weight distribution broadens at higher conversion; however, the chain length distribution of polymers produced under conditions of applying chain-length-dependent diffusion-controlled termination rate constant is narrower.

关键词： Styrene ATRP Monte Carlo simulation Chain length distribution gel effect Chain-length-dependent termination.

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