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Head Motion Detection in gaze Based Aiming

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2020年第1期29卷 9-15页

作者： Minghe Cao Jianzhong Wang School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Unmanned weapons have great potential to be widely used in future wars.The gaze-based aiming technology can be applied to control pan-tilt weapon systems remotely with high precision and efficiency.gaze direction is related to head motion,which is a combination of head and eye movements.In this paper,a head motion detection method is proposed,which is based on the fusion of inertial and vision information.The inertial sensors can measure rotation in high-frequency with good performance,while vision sensors are able to eliminate drifts.By combining the characteristics of both sensors,the proposed approach achieves the effect of highfrequency,real-time,and drift-free head motion detection.The experiments show that our method can smooth the outputs,constrain drifts of inertial measurements,and achieve high detection accuracy.

关键词： gaze aiming head motion detection visual-inertial information fusion

MDNN:Predicting Student Engagement via gaze Direction and Facial Expression in Collaborative Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第7期136卷 381-401页

作者： Yi Chen Jin Zhou Qianting Gao Jing Gao Wei Zhang School of Computer Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China Computer Science School of ScienceRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy12180USA National Engineering Laboratory of Educational Big Data Application Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan430079China

Prediction of students’engagement in aCollaborative Learning setting is essential to improve the quality of learning.Collaborative learning is a strategy of learning through groups or teams.When cooperative learning behavior occurs,each student in the group should participate in teaching activities.Researchers showed that students who are actively involved in a class gain more.gaze behavior and facial expression are important nonverbal indicators to reveal engagement in collaborative learning environments.Previous studies require the wearing of sensor devices or eye tracker devices,which have cost barriers and technical interference for daily teaching practice.In this paper,student engagement is automatically analyzed based on computer vision.We tackle the problem of engagement in collaborative learning using a multi-modal deep neural network(MDNN).We combined facial expression and gaze direction as two individual components of MDNN to predict engagement levels in collaborative learning environments.Our multi-modal solution was evaluated in a real collaborative environment.The results show that the model can accurately predict students’performance in the collaborative learning environment.

关键词： Engagement facial expression deep network gaze

gaze and Oppositional gaze: On Sethe's Subjectivity Construction in Beloved

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海外英语 2020年第10期 222-224页

作者：刘子琦 English Department of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000China

Beloved is generally considered as one of the most accomplished and renowned works by Toni Morrison.In Beloved,Sethe is constantly under the gaze of whites and is reduced to the Other situated at the bottom of the power structure of society.Under the school teacher's disdainful gaze,she becomes the Other between animal and human and loses her subjectivity.Under Amy's sympathetic gaze,Sethes feels ashamed of her status as a black woman and falls into identity crisis.However,Sethe struggles to resist whites' oppression and reconstruct her subjectivity through the oppositional gaze.The reversal of the subject and object of the gaze exposes the cruelty and inhumanity of slavery and deconstructs the binary opposition between blacks and whites.

关键词： gaze the Other Power Structure Oppositional gaze Subjectivity

The Human Body in gaze and Performance

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The Human Body in Gaze and Performance

作者：唐微中国政法大学外国语学院

The human body becomes the most immediate object in the act of a glance through "being seen",and in the meanwhile it is transformed into a "seeing" subject.In this process,the body is produced,presented,and performed;and the performing body has become a work of art,an object of special cultivation,a project of utmost significance in the context of consumerism.By exploring the human body in gaze and performance,it is possible to see the significance of the body as a cultural object and a source of inconsiderable surprise as well as inspiration in sociological studies.

关键词： Body gaze Performance Power

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2019年第12期9卷 395-405页

作者： Kimiko Kato Kazuhito Yoshizaki Department of Psychology Aichi Shukutoku University Nagakute Japan

We investigated if attentional bias directed to the right increased with age. We assessed the characteristics of the following types of eye-gaze by using the Posner cueing paradigm. Younger (n =16) and older (n = 20) adults participated in this study. First of all, a face which looked straight ahead was presented at the center of screen, followed by a gaze cue that looked left or right. Immediately after this informative cue, a target stimulus (“*”) appeared to the left or right of the face. The stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA) between the cue and the target was selected from 300, 700, and 1100 ms. Participants were required to judge whether the target appeared to the left or the right of the gaze cue as quickly and accurately as possible. Results showed that older adults indicate a larger positive gaze-cueing effect when the eye-gaze shifted rightward, whereas this effect was not observed for a leftward shift. Moreover, a negative gaze-cueing effect (inhibition of return) was observed when the SOA was longer only for the leftward eye-gaze shift of older adults. These modulations of the cueing effect did not appear in younger adults. These findings demonstrate that the rightward attentional bias in older adults is more robust than the leftward bias.

关键词： Aging Visuospatial Attention gaze Cueing Effect Rightward Bias

An Active Stereo Vision System Based on Neural Pathways of Human Binocular Motor System

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2007年第4期4卷 185-192页

作者： Yu-zhang Gu Makoto Sato Xiao-lin Zhang Department of Advanced Applied Electronics Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuda Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Precision and Intelligence Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuda Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan

An active stereo vision system based on a model of neural pathways of human binocular motor system is proposed. With this model, it is guaranteed that the two cameras of the active stereo vision system can keep their lines of sight fixed on the same target object during smooth pursuit. This feature is very important for active stereo vision systems, since not only 3D reconstruction needs the two cameras have an overlapping field of vision, but also it can facilitate the 3D reconstruction algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, some software simulations are done to demonstrate the same target tracking characteristic in a virtual environment apt to mistracking easily. Here, mistracking means two eyes track two different objects separately. Then the proposed method is implemented in our active stereo vision system to perform real tracking task in a laboratory scene where several persons walk self-determining. Before the proposed model is implemented in the system, mistracking occurred frequently. After it is enabled, mistracking never occurred. The result shows that the vision system based on neural pathways of human binocular motor system can reliably avoid mistracking.

关键词： binocular motor system neural pathway gaze mistracking

Subverting the Traditional Male gaze: A Feminist Reading of The Silence of the Lambs

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海外英语 2019年第8期 228-229,238页

作者：林玲钰广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院

Director Jonathan Demme’s The Silence of the Lambs is an enduring piece of cinema.It is a film in history to win Oscar in five of the major categories:best director,best actress,best actor,best screenplay and best picture.What’s compelling of the picture is that the story tends to focus mostly on the feminine perspective of the heroine,Clarice Starling.This thesis,therefore,aims to offer an interpretation of The Silence of the Lambs from the feminist perspective.As a young FBI trainee,Starling works under great patriarchal oppression in a male-dominated workforce due to the classic male gaze and the constant sexual harassment.Through struggling to track down the serial killer,Starling alone solves the crime and proves that a woman is as capable of working as a man.As a matter of fact,she has,to a large extent,subverted the male gaze,power,privilege and authority.

关键词： The Silence of the Lambs Starling feminist male gaze

Pilot Test for the Relationship between Drivers’ Hazard Perception Ability and Cognitive Traits of Empathizing-Systemizing

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2019年第10期9卷 351-361页

作者： Mikio Danno Toyota InfoTechnology Center Co. Ltd. Tokyo Japan (Affiliation at the Time This Study Was Conducted)

The previous research (Danno & Taniguchi, 2015) showed that near-miss incident experience was basically reduced by the Empathy Quotient (EQ) and was disturbed by the Systemizing Quotient (SQ) when the Empathy Quotient was low, based on the Empathizing and Systemizing (E-S) model using a web survey [1]. It means that drivers whose EQ was low and SQ was high had more near-miss incident experience. It suggested that drivers who have a stronger Empathizing function may have stronger hazard perception ability although the Systemizing function may weaken hazard perception ability when Empathizing is weak. And, then, it was revealed that the D score (standard SQ (T) score minus standard EQ (T) score) had a significant effect on the near-miss incident experience. Those results implied that a D score, which is used to classify “E-S types”, should have a relationship with near-miss incident experience, i.e. , hazard perception ability. The EQ and SQ scores were supposed to relate to the cognitive ability to estimate other road users’ mental situations and predict their behavior or to recognize stable laws in traffic situations. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between a driver’s visual attention ability (gaze movement) and hazard (near-miss incident) perception ability of different EQ and SQ scores. Drivers’ Real-time Useful Field of View (rUFOV) [2] was measured under normal and hasty driving conditions in a driving simulator which had six scenarios of traffic situation. The result from seven participants who had different EQ and SQ scores showed that a driver’s visual attention ability (gaze movement) corresponds to their scores. This pilot test research revealed a possibility that the individual difference in cognitive trait with E-S model could be a promising tool to understand the mechanism of hazard perception since a D score is used to classify “E-S types”.

关键词： Hazard Perception Empathizing-Systemizing gaze Response Speed Traffic Accident Near-Miss Incident

“Where Angels Fear to Tread, Fools Will.” Who Is in Control of Your Sexual Health? A Discursive Examination of Self-Surveillance in an HIV and AIDS Prevention Campaign

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2018年第4期4卷 65-83页

作者： Irene M.M.Segopolo University of Botswana Botswana

The global community witnessed vigorous and aggressive campaigns in the past three decades since the advent of HIV and AIDS. Various strategies have been used in this regard in order to advocate safer sex practices among the youth. The article argues that although three decades later, HIV infections are reported to be declining in the regions that were worst hard hit, specifically southern Africa, and there is still a need to promote condom-use among youth aged between 15 and 25. Through text and reception analysis, the article examines discourses of sexual self-responsibility in a purposively selected poster(advocating condom-use) from a host of HIV and AIDS prevention posters and banners advocating HIV and AIDS prevention in 2006-2009, from the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Informed by Foucault's notion of the "panoptic gaze" and "techniques of the self", an in-depth textual analysis of the posters is conducted. Norman Fairclough's CDA, augmented by Thompson's ideologies and Kress and van Leeuwen's The Grammar of Visual Design, are used to reveal the language and visual strategies used by the originators of the posters to reveal risk governmentality that may be subsumed in the interplay between the verbal and non-verbal features used in the texts. Furthermore, Hall's reception theory is employed to reveal responses of the students through Focus Group Discussions. The article analyses the discursive self "I" and the second-person deictic pronoun "You" as strategies employed by the campaigns to promote self-surveillance and individual agency. The article argues for continued efforts in condom promotion to reduce HIV infections and while doing so, for the inclusion of youth in designing prevention messages.

关键词： risk self responsibility discourse analysis panoptic gaze