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Effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide in the nucleus tractus solitarius on gastric motility in rats

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第29期29卷 4557-4570页

作者： Hong-Zhao Sun Chen-Yu Li Yuan Shi Jin-Jin Li Yi-Ya Wang Li-Na Han Lu-Jie Zhu Ya-Fei Zhang College of Life Science Qi Lu Normal UniversityZhangqiu 250200Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide(H2S)is a recently discovered gaseous neurotransmitter in the nervous and gastrointestinal systems.It exerts its effects through multiple signaling pathways,impacting various physiological activities.The nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS),a vital nucleus involved in visceral sensation,was investigated in this study to understand the role of H2S in regulating gastric function in rats.AIM To examine whether H2S affects the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 pathways and the neurokinin 1(NK1)receptor in the NTS.METHODS Immunohistochemical and fluorescent double-labeling techniques were employed to identify cystathionine beta-synthase(CBS)and c-Fos co-expressed positive neurons in the NTS during rat stress.gastric motility curves were recorded by inserting a pressure-sensing balloon into the pylorus through the stomach fundus.Changes in gastric motility were observed before and after injecting different doses of NaHS(4 nmol and 8 nmol),physiological saline,Capsazepine(4 nmol)+NaHS(4 nmol),pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC,4 nmol)+NaHS(4 nmol),and L703606(4 nmol)+NaHS(4 nmol).RESULTS We identified a significant increase in the co-expression of c-Fos and CBS positive neurons in the NTS after 1 h and 3 h of restraint water-immersion stress compared to the expressions observed in the control group.Intra-NTS injection of NaHS at different doses significantly inhibited gastric motility in rats(P0.05).CONCLUSION NTS contains neurons co-expressing CBS and c-Fos,and the injection of NaHS into the NTS can suppress gastric motility in rats.This effect may be mediated by activating TRPV1 and NK1 receptors via the NF-κB channel.

关键词： Nucleus tractus solitarius Hydrogen sulfide gastric motility Nuclear factor kappa-B Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1

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Effects and mechanisms of L-glutamate microinjected into nucleus ambiguus on gastric motility in rats

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第8期123卷 1052-1057页

作者： SUN Hong-zhao ZHAO Shu-zhen CUI Xi-yun AI Hong-bin Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance College of Life Science Shandong Normal University Ji'nan Shandong 250014 China Department of Biological Science and Technology Shandong Institute of Education Ji'nan Shandong 250013 China

Background L-glutamate （L-GLU） is a major neurotransmitter in the nucleus ambiguus （NA）, which can modulate respiration, arterial pressure, heart rate, etc. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of L-GLU microinjected into NA on gastric motility in rats. Methods A latex balloon connected with a pressure transducer was inserted into the pylorus through the forestomach for continuous recording of the gastric motility. The total amplitude, total duration, and motility index of gastric contraction waves within 5 minutes before microinjection and after microinjection were measured. Results L-GLU （5 nmol, 10 nmol and 20 nmol in 50 nl normal saline （PS） respectively） microinjected into the right NA significantly inhibited gastric motility, while microinjection of physiological saline at the same position and the same volume did not change the gastric motility. The inhibitory effect was blocked by D-2-amino-5-phophonovalerate （D-AP5, 5 nmol, in 50 nl PS）, the specific N-methyI-D-aspartic acid （NMDA） receptor antagonist, but was not influenced by 6-cyaon-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-（1H,4H）-dione （CNQX）（5 nmol, in 50 nl PS）, the non-NMDA ionotropic receptor antagonist. Bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy abolished the inhibitory effect by microinjection of L-GLU into NA. Conclusions Microinjection of L-GLU into NA inhibits the gastric motility through specific NMDA receptor activity, not non-NMDA receptor activity, and the efferent pathway is the vagal nerves.

关键词： gastric motility L-glutamate nucleus ambiguus glutamate receptor vagotomy

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Role of Enteric Glial Cells in gastric motility in Diabetic Rats at Different Stages

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2013年第4期33卷 496-500页

作者：祁冉杨伟陈婕 Department of Gastroenterology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Summary： Diabetes patients tend to have the gastrointestinal motility disorder. Although the relationship between the motility disorder and both the neurons and Cajal cells in the enteric nervous system （ENS） is well established, little is known about the role of enteric glial cells （EGCs） in gastric motility in diabetes. This study aimed to examine the expression of the glial marker S100B and morphology of EGCs in gastric tissues and the relationship between activated EGCs and the damage of gastric emptying in diabetic models. The diabetic model of rat was induced with 1% streptozotocin （STZ）. The model rats at 7-14 days and at 56-63 days were defined as early diabetic rats and advanced diabetic rats, re- spectively, and normal rats at the two time periods served as their corresponding controls. The gastric emptying rate of the rats was tested by using the phenol red solution. The ultrastructure of EGCs in the gastric antrum was observed by the transmission electron microscopy, and the expression of S100B in the myenteric plexus was immunohistochemically detected. The results showed that the gastric emptying rate was significantly increased in the early diabetic rats and decreased in the advanced diabetic rats when compared with their corresponding control rats （P〈0.01 for both）. The ultrastructure of EGCs was mostly normal in both the early diabetic and control groups. Vacuolization of mitochondria and expan- sion of endoplasmic reticulum occurred in both the advanced diabetic group and its control group, and even the structure of smooth muscle cells and intestinal neurons was destroyed in the advanced diabetic group. The expression level of S100B in the advanced diabetic group was significantly decreased com- pared with its control group （P〈0.05）. It was obviously increased in the early diabetic control group when compared with the advanced diabetic control group （P〈0.05）. However, there was no significant difference in the S 100B expression between the early diabetic group and its control group （P〉0.05）. The

关键词： gastric motility enteric glial cells SIOOB diabetes

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Effect of grouped ST36 or RN12 on gastric motility and sensation

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2017年第1期3卷 31-37页

作者： Guang Sun Hao Liu Kun Liu Hong-Feng Wang Mu-Jun Zhi Xin-Yan Gao Bing Zhu Institute of Acupuncture & Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Changchun University of Chinese Medicine The Third Hospital of Ulanchap Graduate School of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine

Objective: To investigate the effects of paired ST36 and RN12 acupuncture stimulation on gastric motility and the firing rate of responsible neurons in anesthetized rats.Methods: Using electrophysiological methods, we measured the effects of acupuncture at RN12, ST36, or RN12+ST36 on gastric motility as well as nerve discharges from the gastric sympathetic, vagal nerve, and wide dynamic range(WDR) neurons in the spinal dorsal horn T7-9 in anesthetized rats.Results: 1) Acupuncture at RN12 inhibited gastric motility(83.84±4.49)% and vagal nerve discharge(65.64±5.67)%, but promoted sympathetic nerve activity(243.70±40.67)%; acupuncture at ST36 induced opposing effects on gastric motility(111.31±2.01)% and vagal nerve discharge(166.98±15.92)%. Interestingly, acupuncture at RN12+ST36 together yielded effects similar to that of acupuncture at RN12 alone(93.59±2.05)%,(54.52±7.12)%. 2) WDR neuron discharges induced by gastric distension were inhibited by acupuncture at RN12(194.56 ±18.79)%. However, acupuncture at ST36 induced a more significant inhibitory effect.Conclusion: Acupuncture at RN12 inhibits gastric motility by activation of the sympathetic reflex at the spinal level; acupuncture at ST36 promotes gastric motility by activation of the parasympathetic reflex at the supraspinal level, and acupuncture at RN12+ST36 produces a similar decrease in gastric motility as RN12 stimulation alone. Both acupoints decrease the effect of noxious gastric distention on WDR neuron activity, but paired RN12+ST36 stimulation does not significantly affect WDR neuron discharge.

关键词： ST36 RN12 Grouped acupoints gastric motility gastric sensation

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Effect of manual acupuncture at single or combined acupoints on gastric motility via vagus nerve activation in anaesthetic rats

Effect of manual acupuncture at single or combined acupoints...

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中国生理学会第24届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者：刘昊张蒙刘坤王富春高昕妍朱兵长春中医药大学中国中医科学院针灸研究所机能研究实验室

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of manual acupuncture（MA）at single and combined acupoints on gastric motility and vagus nerve discharges..METHOD:In anesthetized Sprague Dawley（SD）rats,the gastric motility and subdiaphragmatic vagous nerve were recorded via an intrapyloric balloon and a hooked platinum electrodes respectively.MA（twirling 120 times per minutes）was conducted on single acupoints as ST36,RN12,PC6 and combined acuopints as ST36+RN12,ST36+PC6,RN12+PC6,ST36+RN12+PC6.Changes of gastric contraction and vagus nerve discharges induced by MA were compared with baseline.RESULT:MA stimulation on single or combined heterotopic acupoints evoked increased effects on amplitude of gastric motility and vagus nerve discharge frequency.Whereas MA stimulatons at single homotopic acupoint or combined acupoints with homotopic acupoint produced inhibitory effects on gastric motility and vagus nerve discharge frequency,if not no response was found.For three points combination,it could evoke similar effect on gastric motility as heterotopic acupoint did,but the vagus nerve discharge frequency showed bidirectional changes and further studies is needed.CONCLUSION:Our investigation suggested that effective regularity of heterotopic acupoints on gastric motility were mediated with vagus nerve,whereas the effect of homotopic acupoints were not.There exists a heteropotic or homotopic dominant regulation for acupoints combinations.

关键词： acupoints gastric motility vagus nerve activation

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Effect of centrally administered C75,a fatty acid synthase inhibitor,on gastric motility in the conscious rats

Effect of centrally administered C75,a fatty acid synthase i...

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中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： Ai-Min YANG,Shuang-Yu LV,Ze-Yun MI,Yue-Ke JI,Shu-Fang SU,Qiang CHEN~* Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,School of Life Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China

＜正＞C75,anα-methylene-γ-butyrolactone,is a synthetic inhibitor of fatty acid synthase（FAS）,based on the known mechanism of action of cerulenin and the theoretical reaction intermediates of theβ-ketoacyl synthase moiety of FAS.C75 treatment inhibited food intake and decreased body weight in rodents.Considerable evidence has accumulated to indicate that feeding behavior and fasted（inter-digestive） and the physiological fed（postprandial） motor activities in the digestive tracts are tightly related.We have previously shown that centrally administered C75 delayed gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit.In the present study,we investigated the effects of centrally administered C75 on gastric motility.gastric motility was monitored in freely moving conscious rats in the physiological fasted and fed states by using a miniature strain gauge transducer implanted in the stomach wall.The results indicated that when i.***.v.injection of C75 in the fasted state,the fasted patterns of gastric motility were disrupted and the fed-like motor patterns appeared,when i.***.v.injection of C75（10,32 and 56μg） was given to animals in the fed state,the%MI of the gastric contraction waves was significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner.In addition,involvement of the NPY and vagal nerve in mediating the action of C75 was examined in the present study.Results showed that NPY and truncal vagotomy blocked the effects of i.***.v.injection of C75 on gastric motility,suggesting that the NPY and vagal pathway may mediate the action of centrally administered C75 on gastric motility.In conclusion,our findings indicate that centrally administration of C75 disrupted fasted motor patterns and inhibited fed motor activity in the antrum and that NPY and vagal nerve might be involved in these effects of C75 on gastric motility.

关键词： C75 gastric motility NPY vagal nerve

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Central mechanisms mediating the prokinetic effect of erythromycin on the gastric motility in rats

Central mechanisms mediating the prokinetic effect of erythr...

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中国神经科学学会第四次会员代表大会暨第八届全国学术会议

作者： Yong-Hua CHEN~1 Han LIU~2 Ji-Jiang WANG~(1 *) 1 Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University Shanghai 200032 2 Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai 200032

＜正＞Erythromycin and its derivatives are increasingly used as prokinetic agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders.Research on the mechanisms underlying the prokinetic actions of erythromycin mainly focused on the nerve endings in the peripheral nervous system and the gastric muscles previously.In recent years,studies have shown that central administered erythromycin increases the activities of gastric neurons and stimulates gastric motility.However, the mechanisms are not known yet.gastric neurons are mainly located in the dorsal vagal complex of the medulla.Synaptic inputs including GABAergic,glycinergic and glutamatergic components regulate the activities of these neurons.In this study,we identified gastric preganglionic vagal neurons through retrograde fluorescent labeling,and investigated the effect of erythromycin on the synaptic inputs to these neurons using patch-clamp techniques.We found that erythromycin significantly inhibited the glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents in a dose-dependent manner and this inhibition was partially blocked by the motilin receptor antagonist GM-109.In contrast,erythromycin didn’t affect the GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents or glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents.Our findings suggest that erythromycin might affect the gastric motility by the inhibition of glycinergic inputs to the gastric preganglionic vagal neurons via activation of motilin receptors.This might be one of the central mechanisms mediating the prokinetic effect of erythromycin.

关键词： erythromycin synaptic input gastric neuron gastric motility

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Role of nitric oxide in the control of gastric motility within the nucleus ambiguus of rats

Role of nitric oxide in the control of gastric motility with...

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中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： Hong-Zhao SUN~(1,2),Hong-Bin AI~(1,*) 1 College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Jinan,Shandong Province,250014 2 Department of Biological Science and Technology,Qilu Normal University,Jinan,Shandong Province,250013

＜正＞Background:NOS positive neurones and processes were seen in the nucleus ambiguous（NA）.Endogenous NO may reinforce the output activity of the medullary respiratory network,modulate heart rate by vagus nerves and modulate activity of oesophagus and pharynx.According to these reports we assume whether NO within NA modulates gastrointestinal motility.So in this study,we investigated that the role of nitric oxide in the control of the gastric motility within the nucleus ambiguus of rats.Material and methods:A latex balloon connected with a pressure transducer was inserted into the pylorus through the forestomach for continuous recording of the gastric motility.The amplitude,duration,frequency,and motility index of gastric contraction waves within 5 min before microinjection and after microinjection were measured.All data represent the mean±SE.Results: Microinjection of the NO-donor sodium nitroprusside（SNP;5 nmol,n=7） as well as of L-arginine（L-Arg;5 nmol, n=7） into the right NA significantly inhibited gastric motility by vagus nerves.For example,after SNP was microinjected into NA,gastric motility index decreased from 865.44±17.92（before microinjection） to 502.08±14.55（P＜0.01）. However,microinjection of the N（?）-nitro-L-arginine methyl esther（L-NAME;5 nmol,n=7）,the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase,into NA significantly enhanced gastric motility.For example,after L-NAME was microinjected into NA,gastric motility index increased from 1003.80±88.88（before microinjection） to 1724.80±97.49（P＜0.01）.The pretreatment of intravenous injection hexamethonium bromide（0.5 mL/100 g,1.5 mg/100 g;n=6） abolished the inhibitory effect of SNP（5 nmol） on gastric motility.Conclusions:The data of these experiments suggest that NO inhibited gastric motility by activating the cholinergic preganglionic neurons in the NA and the inhibitory effect was mediated by the vagus nerves.

关键词： nucleus ambiguus gastric motility nitric oxide vagotomy

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Neural mechanism of modulation on gastric motility by acupuncture

Neural mechanism of modulation on gastric motility by acupun...

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中国神经科学学会第六届学术会议暨学会成立十周年庆祝大会

作者：李宇清荣培晶贲卉李艳华朱兵中国中医研究院针灸所中国中医研究院针灸所中国中医研究院针灸所中国中医研究院针灸所中国中医研究院针灸所

＜正＞The present study is to investigate the differences between Ad- and C-fibers in mediation of the effect of manual/electrical acupuncture on gastric motility and the underlying neural mechanism. The changes of gastric motility recorded by the intrapyloric balloon in rats were compared with the background activity of pre-stimulation. The electroacupuncture intensities were chosen as multiples of the threshold of the nociceptive reflex response produced by Ad- and C-fiber activation. The gastro-vagal or

关键词： gastric motility acu-stimulation intensity of acupuncture stimulation Ad-fiber C-fiber autonomic nervous system supraspinal circuit

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Can adiponectin have an additional effect on the regulation of food intake by inducing gastric motor changes?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2472-2478页

作者： Eglantina Idrizaj Rachele Garella Roberta Squecco Maria Caterina Baccari Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine Section of Physiological SciencesUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy

The regulation of food intake is a complex mechanism,and the hypothalamus is the main central structure implicated.In particular,the arcuate nucleus appears to be the most critical area in the integration of multiple peripheral signals.Among these signals,those originating from the white adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract are known to be involved in the regulation of food intake.The present paper focuses on adiponectin,an adipokine secreted by white adipose tissue,which is reported to have a role in the control of feeding by acting centrally.The recent observation that adiponectin is also able to influence gastric motility raises the question of whether this action represents an additional peripheral mechanism that concurs with the central effects of the hormone on food intake.This possibility,which represents an emerging aspect correlating the central and peripheral effects of adiponectin in the hunger-satiety cycle,is discussed in the present paper.

关键词： Adipokines Adiponectin Adipose tissue Food intake gastric motility Satiety signals

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